Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juhyun Song, Dae Won Park, Jae-hyung Cha, Hyeri Seok, Joo Yeong Kim, Jonghak Park, Hanjin Cho
Summary: The study found that factors like age (>= 60 years), isolation period, dyspnoea, altered mentality, diabetes, malignancy, dementia, and ICU admission were associated with increased odds of mortality in COVID-19 patients. A multivariable regression equation including all potential variables predicted mortality, while the Cox proportional hazards model showed increasing hazard ratios for mortality associated with factors like dementia, ICU admission, age >= 60 years, malignancy, and dyspnoea.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ratna Shree Sharma, Johannes Pallua, Michael Schirmer
Summary: This meta-analysis examines the occurrence of adverse events in the placebo arms of double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled studies in rheumatoid arthritis. The results show that patients in the placebo arms reported adverse events such as nausea and hepatobiliary disorders at similar rates to those in the verum arms. It is important for patients to be aware that adverse events can still occur even with placebo medication.
Review
Immunology
Qinan Yin, Liuyun Wu, Lizhu Han, Xingyue Zheng, Rongsheng Tong, Lian Li, Lan Bai, Yuan Bian
Summary: Since the development of the first Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor, tumor immunotherapy has advanced significantly, leading to improved response rate and survival rate in many cancers. However, resistance and immune-related adverse events remain as challenges in achieving lasting response. This article summarizes the mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitors, different types of immune-related adverse events, and provides strategies and targets for prevention and therapeutic interventions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David Gaist, Stine Munk Hald, Luis Alberto Garcia Rodriguez, Anne Clausen, Soren Moller, Jesper Hallas, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman
Summary: This cohort study suggests that patients in Denmark with a prior nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) have significantly higher rates of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) compared to the general population. Optimal secondary prevention with blood pressure lowering and antithrombotic and statin therapies after an ICH should be given attention in clinical research and practice.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Natasha Smyrke, Nicky Dunn, Chantelle Murley, Deborah Mason
Summary: The study indicates that people with multiple sclerosis have a reduced overall survival and an increased risk of death, particularly from cardiovascular, respiratory and infectious diseases, accidents, and suicide. This situation does not seem to have changed over the past 65 years.
ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Petteri Oura
Summary: This study examined medical adverse event deaths in the US National Vital Statistics 2018 mortality dataset, revealing that younger individuals, black individuals, and those with higher education levels are more likely to experience adverse events leading to death. The data suggest that a significant number of adverse events may be underrecognized or misclassified, indicating the need for further analysis to understand the root causes behind underreporting.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Larsa Gawria, Rachel Rosenthal, Harry van Goor, Salome Dell-Kuster
Summary: The study validates the association between intraoperative adverse events and postoperative complications and patient outcomes in visceral surgery. The results show that the severity of intraoperative adverse events is related to the severity of postoperative complications and patient recovery.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tracey G. Simon, Bjorn Roelstraete, Hannes Hagstrom, Johan Sundstroem, Jonas F. Ludvigsson
Summary: This study demonstrated that patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD have a significantly higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, including ischemic heart disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, and cardiovascular mortality, compared to matched population controls. The risk of such events increases progressively with worsening NAFLD severity.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shu-Yu Ou, Yi-Jung Lee, Yuan Lo, Chen-Hsiu Chen, Yu-Chi Huang, Yu-Ting Kuo, Yuan-Yi Chia
Summary: The study showed that continuing the use of RAASis after discharge for sepsis survivors can lower the risk of all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiac events, including ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and hospitalization for heart failure. Subgroup analyses also supported these findings.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Marwa Bachir, Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Simone Tunesi, Typhaine Billard-Pomares, Sheila Chiesi, Jeremy Jaffre, Hugo Langris, Valerie Pourcher, Frederic Schramm, Nadine Lemaitre, Jerome Robert
Summary: Female sex, birth in the West-Pacific region, and resistance to streptomycin were independently associated with HR-TB, but treatment success rates did not significantly differ between HR-TB and DS-TB. Rapid molecular testing remains the only effective way to make early diagnosis of HR-TB and adapt treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Laure Taher Mansour, Sean Brien, Jessica Reid, Guy J. Maddern
Summary: This study identified preventable clinical management issues related to mortality in cholecystectomy patients, with a focus on post-operative management and communication within the multidisciplinary team. Preventive measures should be implemented to reduce adverse events and peri-operative mortality.
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Evdoxia Kyriazopoulou, Lydia Liaskou-Antoniou, George Adamis, Antonia Panagaki, Nikolaos Melachroinopoulos, Elina Drakou, Konstantinos Marousis, Georgios Chrysos, Andronikos Spyrou, Nikolaos Alexiou, Styliani Symbardi, Zoi Alexiou, Styliani Lagou, Virginia Kolonia, Theologia Gkavogianni, Miltiades Kyprianou, Ioannis Anagnostopoulos, Garyfallia Poulakou, Malvina Lada, Anna Makina, Efrosyni Roulia, Marina Koupetori, Vasileios Apostolopoulos, Dimitra Petrou, Thomas Nitsotolis, Anastasia Antoniadou, Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis
Summary: PCT-guided antimicrobial discontinuation in sepsis patients effectively reduces the rate of infection-associated adverse events, 28-day mortality, and hospitalization costs.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sandra Azevedo Queiroz, Maria Cristina Gonzalez, Alana Monteiro Bispo da Silva, Jalissa Karla de Araujo Costa, Carlos Diego Ramos de Oliveira, Iasmin Matias de Sousa, Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether standardized phase angle (SPhA) can predict short-term and long-term adverse cardiovascular events in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The results showed that low SPhA was associated with longer hospital length of stay, but not with mortality and major adverse cardiac events (MACE).
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Reed Mszar, Daniel J. Friedman, Emily Ong, Chengan Du, Yongfei Wang, Emily P. Zeitler, Shayna D. Cunningham, Joseph Akar, Jeptha P. Curtis, James Freeman
Summary: This observational cohort study analyzed the sex-based differences and outcomes in adults undergoing catheter ablation for AF. Women were found to be older, have more comorbidities, and experience lower quality of life. They also had a higher risk of adverse events and longer hospitalization.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Arman Kilic, Jana Macickova, Lingli Duan, Faezeh Movahedi, Laura Seese, Yiye Zhang, Mary V. Jacoski, Rema Padman
Summary: This study utilized machine learning to analyze adverse events after LVAD implantation, identifying distinct clusters of patients with unique patterns and relationships that may aid in quality improvement efforts.
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Medical Informatics
Simarjot S. Dahella, James S. Briggs, Paul Coombes, Nazli Farajidavar, Paul Meredith, Timothy Bonnici, Julie L. Darbyshire, Peter J. Watkinson
BMC MEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DECISION MAKING
(2020)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Carole Fogg, Jackie Bridges, Paul Meredith, Claire Spice, Linda Field, David Culliford, Peter Griffiths
Summary: The study explores the associations between nurse staffing levels and mortality/readmission in older patients in an English hospital. Patients with cognitive impairments (CI) were found to be more vulnerable to the impact of low staffing levels. An additional 0.5 RN hours per day was associated with reduced mortality rates overall, but higher NA staffing levels were linked to increased mortality in patients without impairments.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ina Kostakis, Gary B. Smith, David Prytherch, Paul Meredith, Connor Price, Anoop Chauhan
Summary: The study found that the COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant decrease in hospital admissions at the beginning, with older, sicker patients who required more supplemental oxygen and had higher in-hospital mortality compared to control periods. Although more daily observation sets were performed during the COVID-19 era, there was no clear evidence that it affected the pattern of vital sign collection.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Marco A. F. Pimentel, Oliver C. Redfern, James Malycha, Paul Meredith, David Prytherch, Jim Briggs, J. Duncan Young, David A. Clifton, Lionel Tarassenko, Peter J. Watkinson
Summary: The HAVEN machine-learning algorithm for early identification of in-hospital deterioration significantly outperforms other published scores such as the National EWS, with high discrimination for the primary outcome within 24 hours and ability to predict cardiac arrests or unplanned ICU admissions with a lead time of up to 48 hours in advance.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Letter
Critical Care Medicine
Gary B. Smith, David Prytherch, Ina Kostakis, Paul Meredith, Anoop Chauhan, Connor Price
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ina Kostakis, Gary B. Smith, David Prytherch, Paul Meredith, Connor Price, Anoop Chauhan
Summary: The study showed that NEWS or NEWS2 had good and similar performance in predicting death or intensive care unit admission in patients with COVID-19 and other groups, indicating that amendments to NEWS or NEWS2 may not be necessary for COVID-19 patients.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Benjamin Giles, Paul Meredith, Samuel Robson, Gary Smith, Anoop Chauhan
Summary: The information above covers topics such as clotting issues after COVID-19 vaccination, comparing immunogenicity between different vaccines, and the relationship between neutralizing antibodies and protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Alexander R. Darbyshire, Ina Kostakis, Philip H. Pucher, David Prytherch, Stuart J. Mercer
Summary: This study aimed to determine if operative approach influences risk-model performance and risk-adjusted mortality rates. The results showed that risk-adjusted mortality for laparoscopy was lower than open surgery, while P-POSSUM and NELA score over-predicted mortality for laparoscopy.
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
A. R. Darbyshire, I. Kostakis, P. Meredith, S. K. C. Toh, D. Prytherch, J. Briggs
Summary: Pre-operative risk stratification plays a key role in identifying high-risk patients in emergency bowel surgery. Novel risk scores have been developed to identify frail or significantly unwell patients, calculated from routine clinical data. This study investigated the ability of these scores to predict 30-day mortality after emergency bowel surgery.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Max H. Foxley-Marrable, Leon D'Cruz, Paul Meredith, Sharon F. Glaysher, Angela F. Beckett, Salman Goudarzi, Christopher Fearn, Kate Cook, Katie Loveson, Hannah Dent, Hannah Paul, Scott Elliott, Sarah Wyllie, Allyson Lloyd, Kelly Bicknell, Sally Lumley, James J. McNicholas, David C. Prytherch, Andrew Lundgren, Or Graur, Anoop Chauhan, Samuel Robson
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a study combining whole genome sequencing data and clinical data of 929 patients was conducted to explore the associations between acute physiological status and disease severity. It was found that the admission National Early Warning Score (NEWS2) had weak association with severity, while the maximum NEWS2 had moderate association. Patient outcome was weakly associated with factors like age, sex, and pre-existing conditions. No significant links between viral genomics and severe outcomes were discovered, but there was evidence that variant subtype may impact relative risk for certain sub-populations.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Connor Price, David Prytherch, Ina Kostakis, Jim Briggs
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) in different patient groups and found that NEWS performs best in most groups and is suitable for all diagnostic groups, with no disadvantage for patients compared to other evaluated Early Warning Scores.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Matthew T. Jones, Emily Heiden, Carole Fogg, Paul Meredith, Gary Smith, Nicola Sayer, Lisa Toft, Emma Williams, Matthew Williams, Thomas Brown, Jessica Gates, David Lodge, Paul Bassett, Mark Amos, Milan Chauhan, Selina Begum, Madeleine Rason, Jonathan Winter, Jayne Longstaff, Anoop J. Chauhan
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2020)