Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jingliang Ruan, Xiaolin Xu, Yan Cai, Hongyan Zeng, Man Luo, Wenyue Zhang, Rongbin Liu, Peiliang Lin, Yangming Xu, Qiong Ye, Bing Ou, Baoming Luo
Summary: A thyroid imaging reporting and data system based on nonenhanced US and contrast-enhanced US was constructed and validated, showing improved accuracy in determining the malignancy risk of thyroid nodules and reducing unnecessary biopsies.
Article
Oncology
Guangdong Shao, Baoqi Sun, Mingming Shi, Yining Song, Zheng Sun, Xiaoliang Hao, Longlong Li, Zhenpeng Fu
Summary: This study aimed to construct and validate a comprehensive and reliable network-based predictive model using a variety of imaging and laboratory criteria to stratify the risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules. The results showed that criteria such as TI-RADS, Bethesda classification, BRAF(V600E) mutation, etc., had significant predictive value for malignant nodules. A 10-grade risk scoring system was developed to assess the risk of malignancy based on risk grade.
Review
Oncology
Enock Adjei Agyekum, Jian-hua Fu, Fei-Ju Xu, Yong-Zhen Ren, Debora Akortia, Qing Chen, Xiao-Qin Qian, Yuguo Wang, Xian Wang
Summary: Thyroid nodules are common in adults and traditional thyroidectomy, while effective, leaves permanent scars and requires long-term levothyroxine use. Thermal ablation is a minimally-invasive and safe technique that is widely used for treating benign and malignant thyroid nodules, including papillary thyroid carcinoma.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andrea Palermo, Armida Sodo, Anda Mihaela Naciu, Michael Di Gioacchino, Alessio Paolucci, Alessandra di Masi, Daria Maggi, Pierfilippo Crucitti, Filippo Longo, Eleonora Perrella, Chiara Taffon, Martina Verri, Maria Antonietta Ricci, Anna Crescenzi
Summary: This study demonstrates the value of Raman spectroscopy in thyroid cytology as a valuable diagnostic tool, serving as a valid alternative to molecular studies. It is capable of improving the management of indeterminate nodules and reducing unnecessary surgery.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ali S. Alzahrani
Summary: Advancements in molecular genetics have led to diagnostic tests, prognostic markers, and therapeutic agents for thyroid cancer. Genetic alterations in MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways play a key role in differentiated thyroid cancer. Molecular tests like ThyroSeq v.3, Afirma Gene Sequencing Classifier, and ThyGeNEXT/ThyraMIR have been developed for diagnosing indeterminate thyroid nodules. They have high sensitivities and negative predictive values, reducing unnecessary surgeries. Molecular testing is also important for targeted therapy options and managing advanced disease.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Chunqiu Xia, Minghui Liu, Xin Li, Hongbing Zhang, Xuanguang Li, Di Wu, Dian Ren, Yu Hua, Ming Dong, Hongyu Liu, Jun Chen
Summary: This study developed a lung cancer risk prediction model to accurately predict the nature of nodules in patients' lungs and determine the need for surgical intervention. The model showed excellent discrimination and outperformed existing Mayo and Brock models in predicting malignancy.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julia E. Noel, Catherine F. Sinclair
Summary: Thermal ablative techniques, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), are increasingly used as a first-line treatment for symptomatic benign thyroid nodules. RFA allows for gradual reduction in nodule volume while preserving thyroid function.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Emine Ayca Cimbek, Recep Polat, Bircan Sonmez, Nazim Ercument Beyhun, Hasan Dinc, Haluk Saruhan, Gulay Karaguzel
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed the clinical, laboratory, and ultrasound findings of 102 children and adolescents with thyroid nodules between 2007 and 2019. The study revealed a higher proportion of malignancy in children compared to adults, with 4.9% of patients diagnosed with thyroid carcinoma, a rate below previous literature descriptions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Masha J. Livhits, Catherine Y. Zhu, Eric J. Kuo, Dalena T. Nguyen, Jiyoon Kim, Chi-Hong Tseng, Angela M. Leung, Jianyu Rao, Mary Levin, Michael L. Douek, Katrina R. Beckett, Dianne S. Cheung, Yaroslav A. Gofnung, Stephanie Smooke-Praw, Michael W. Yeh
Summary: Both the RNA test and DNA-RNA test demonstrated high specificity and allowed more than half of patients with indeterminate nodules to avoid diagnostic surgery. There was no statistically significant difference in performance between the current molecular test techniques.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Naykky M. Singh Ospina, Diliara Bagautdinova, Ian Hargraves, Diana Barb, Sreevidya Subbarayan, Ashok Srihari, Shu Wang, Spyridoula Maraka, Carma L. Bylund, Debbie Treise, Victor Montori, Juan P. Brito
Summary: The study developed and pilot tested a conversation aid for patients with thyroid nodules in order to support patient-centered care and collaboration of patients and clinicians. Results showed that the use of the conversation aid increased patient involvement in decision-making, improved clinician satisfaction, reduced decisional conflict, and decreased the number of thyroid biopsies as the next management step.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Danielle M. Richman, Christine E. Cherella, Jessica R. Smith, Biren P. Modi, Benjamin Zendejas, Mary C. Frates, Ari J. Wassner
Summary: In pediatric thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology, some sonographic features, including higher ACR TI-RADS risk level, are associated with malignancy, but these associations are unlikely to alter clinical management in most cases.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Haifan Gong, Jiaxin Chen, Guanqi Chen, Haofeng Li, Guanbin Li, Fei Chen
Summary: Ultrasound segmentation of thyroid nodules is challenging due to the lack of thyroid gland region perception and the inherently low contrast images. The current datasets are limited and not representative of real-world situations. To address these limitations, we propose a thyroid region prior guided feature enhancement network (TRFE+) for accurate thyroid nodule segmentation.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Snehal G. Patel, Sally E. Carty, Andrew J. Lee
Summary: Despite the challenges in managing thyroid nodules, molecular testing platforms have been developed to improve cancer risk assessment for patients with cytologically indeterminate nodules, and have been incorporated into guidelines as an important diagnostic adjunct. Numerous studies have demonstrated the accuracy and utility of molecular testing in the contemporary management of thyroid nodules.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhiqiang Zheng, Tianyi Su, Yuhe Wang, Zhi Weng, Jun Chai, Wenjin Bu, Jinjin Xu, Jiarui Chen
Summary: The incidence of thyroid nodules is increasing year by year, and accurate determination of benign and malignant nodules is crucial for treatment planning. This paper proposes a diagnostic model based on deep learning to improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis. The model adopts a localization-classification strategy and achieves high accuracy rates in both localization and classification tasks. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms the champion model of a classification competition, indicating its effectiveness in diagnosing benign and malignant thyroid nodules.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Franklin N. N. Tessler, Johnson Thomas
Summary: AI applications in the assessment of thyroid nodules mainly focus on malignancy risk stratification, and four AI platforms have been approved by the FDA. Although validation studies have produced mixed results, there is ample evidence that AI can outperform less experienced physicians in certain cases. AI technology has also been applied to the assessment of lymph nodes and cytopathology specimens.
