Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dirk L. Christensen, Theonest K. Mutabingwa, Ib C. Bygbjerg, Allan A. Vaag, Louise G. Grunnet, Fanny Lajeunesse-Trempe, Jannie Nielsen, Christentze Schmiegelow, Kaushik L. Ramaiya, Kathryn H. Myburgh
Summary: This study assessed muscle fibre distribution 20 years after placental and/or peripheral in-utero malaria exposure. The results showed that there were no differences in muscle fibre types or enzymatic activity between the malaria-exposed and non-exposed groups. The findings supported the idea that the mild elevations of plasma glucose levels in people exposed to placental malaria in pregnancy were due to compromised pancreatic insulin secretion rather than insulin resistance.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabryela Kuhnen, Tiago Guedes Russomanno, Marta Murgia, Nicolas J. Pillon, Martin Schoenfelder, Henning Wackerhage
Summary: Adult skeletal muscle fibres can be classified into different types based on the expression of specific genes. The proportions of these muscle fibre types can be altered through gene gain or loss-of-function. In particular, transcriptional regulators play a significant role in regulating the expression of muscle fibre-specific genes. After exercise, the expression of certain genes increases or decreases, suggesting their involvement in muscle fibre adaptation. DNA sequence variants of muscle fibre genes may contribute to the variation in muscle fibre type proportions in the human population.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Weiwei Wang, Qinping Yu, Qingyun Cao, Hui Ye, Changming Zhang, Zemin Dong, Dingyuan Feng, Jianjun Zuo
Summary: MicroRNA-27a (miR-27a) regulates the expression of MYH7 and PGC-1a, affecting the composition of muscle fiber types in pigs. MiR-27a inhibits the expression of MYH7 and PGC-1a, along with the downstream targets MEF2C, NRF-1, mtTFA, COX ?, Cytc, and SDH, which are involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism. These findings have significant implications for genetic or nutritional control of muscle fiber phenotype and pork quality.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Yong -Jun Kang, Sang-Hyun Han, Sang-Geum Kim, Su-Yeon Kim, Hyeon-Ah Kim, Yoo-Kyung Kim, Ji-Hyun Yoo, Moon-Cheol Shin, Byoung-Chul Yang, Hee-Bok Park, Jun Heon Lee, In-Cheol Cho
Summary: This study explored the relationship between functional sequence variants (FSVs) of the MYH3 gene and collagen content in a crossbred pig population. The PCR-RFLP method was used to genotype the FSVs, and four muscles were analyzed for collagen content. The results revealed that QQ animals had higher collagen content than qq homozygous animals in all four muscles. FSVs of the MYH3 gene could be a valuable genetic marker for improving collagen content in porcine muscles and for biomedical applications after further validation in other populations.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Kyle B. Spainhower, Allan K. Metz, Abdel-Ruhman S. Yusuf, Lydia E. Johnson, Judy A. Avey-Arroyo, Michael T. Butcher
Summary: The research found differences in slow myosin heavy chain fiber type distribution and energy metabolism in the hindlimbs of three-toed and two-toed sloths, indicating potential adaptations for force production and energy savings in sloth hindlimb muscles. Furthermore, differences in enzyme activity levels between anaerobic and aerobic enzymes suggest potential functional adaptations in sloth limbs beyond muscle fiber type expression.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Gaspard Fournier, Clara Bernard, Maxime Cievet-Bonfils, Raymond Kenney, Maxime Pingon, Elliot Sappey-Marinier, Benedicte Chazaud, Julien Gondin, Elvire Servien
Summary: This study aimed to compare the composition of the semitendinosus muscle between men and women. The results showed that men had a lower proportion of SDH-positive muscle fibers and a higher percentage of fast muscle fibers. There were also differences in the distribution and cross-sectional area of MyHC isoforms. These sex differences may have functional consequences.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Zhengyun Jin, Hak Myong Choe, Sitong Lv, Shuangyan Chang, Xijun Yin
Summary: The present study demonstrated the importance of MSTN in esophageal striated muscle development and its role in regulating muscle fiber types. MSTN knockout resulted in increased fiber cross-sectional areas and altered proportions of type I and IIA muscle fibers in esophagus striated muscles of pigs.
TRANSGENIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Shoko Sawano, Wataru Mizunoya
Summary: This review summarizes the history of muscle fiber type classification and various staining methods used. The development of experimental methods for detecting myosin heavy chain proteins and the improvement in immunostaining with monoclonal antibodies are discussed. The information presented in this review will guide researchers in selecting optimal staining methods for their experimental conditions and purposes.
HISTOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Keisuke Hitachi, Yuri Kiyofuji, Hisateru Yamaguchi, Masashi Nakatani, Masafumi Inui, Kunihiro Tsuchida
Summary: This study investigated the effects of the loss of MyHC-IIb and MyHC-IIx on skeletal muscle function using a mouse model. The results showed that the simultaneous loss of IIb and IIx led to severe muscle hypoplasia after 2 weeks of age in mice. Increased expression of other MyHCs was observed in 3-week-old mice, but it was not sufficient to compensate for the loss of IIb and IIx. Aberrant sarcomere structure and altered expression of sarcomere components were also observed. These findings contribute to the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle wasting disorders caused by the loss of skeletal muscle MyHCs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bo Song, Yating Cheng, Md. Abul Kalam Azad, Sujuan Ding, Kang Yao, Xiangfeng Kong
Summary: This study investigated the molecular basis for differences in meat yield and quality between Duroc, Taoyuan black (TB), and Xiangcun black (XB) pigs. The results show that TB pigs have higher fat percentage, intramuscular fat content, and antioxidant capacity, but lower carcass weight, lean percentage, pH decline, and glycolytic potential compared to Duroc pigs. Moreover, TB pigs have lower expression of protein synthesis and lipolysis genes in their muscles. Targeted metabolome analysis revealed significant differences in 24 metabolites among the three pig breeds. Correlation analysis suggests that l-malic acid and β-alanine contents in muscles are closely related to meat quality. These findings suggest that the excellent meat quality of TB pigs is attributed to muscle metabolism and fiber characteristics, while lower protein synthesis and lipolysis contribute to less meat yield.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Anushree Bharadwaj, Jaydeep Sharma, Jagriti Singh, Mahima Kumari, Tanushri Dargar, Bhargab Kalita, Sam J. Mathew
Summary: Mutations in MYH3 gene cause congenital contracture syndromes, particularly recessive MYH3 mutations lead to spondylocarpotarsal synostosis (SCTS) characterized by vertebral fusions and scoliosis. Knockout of Myh3 in mice showed SCTS phenotypes along with reduced body weight, muscle weight, myofiber size, grip strength, changes in muscle fiber type, altered satellite cell numbers, and increased muscle fibrosis. Activation of YAP signaling pathway was identified as a key contributor to the musculoskeletal defects in Myh3 knockout mice, and inhibiting YAP signaling can rescue these defects.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lisa Takahashi, Tomoaki Ishigami, Hirofumi Tomiyama, Yuko Kato, Hiroyuki Kikuchi, Koichiro Tasaki, Jun Yamashita, Shigeru Inoue, Masataka Taguri, Toshitaka Nagao, Taishiro Chikamori, Yoshihiro Ishikawa, Utako Yokoyama
Summary: Research has shown that myosin-11 may serve as a biomarker for detecting spatial expansion of atherosclerotic regions, with circulating levels associated with the presence of multiple atherosclerotic areas. Additionally, myosin-11 is predominantly expressed in the medial layer of human atherosclerotic lesions.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Michaeljohn Kalakoutis, Ross D. D. Pollock, Norman R. R. Lazarus, R. Andrew Atkinson, Marc George, Onur Berber, Roger C. C. Woledge, Julien Ochala, Stephen D. R. Harridge
Summary: The specific force (SF) of human aging in single muscle fibers is inconsistent in different studies, which may result from variations in the health status/physical activity levels and methodological differences. This study compared SF in fibers from older hip fracture patients, healthy master cyclists, and healthy nontrained young adults using two different activating solutions. The results showed that the activating solution significantly affected the force and revealed a difference in sensitivity in muscle fibers of hip fracture patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Megan Holmes, Andrea B. Taylor
Summary: Anthropological studies have shown that integrating fibre types and specific tensions can improve the estimation of jaw-muscle and bite force in primates, as treating jaw adductors as uniformly slow or fast muscles may lead to overestimation of maximum muscle forces. The variation in fibre types and associated specific tensions in jaw adductors across different primate species highlights the need for a more nuanced approach in modelling muscle forces.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Svetlana P. Belova, Ekaterina P. Kalashnikova, Sergey A. Tyganov, Tatiana Y. Kostrominova, Boris S. Shenkman, Tatiana L. Nemirovskaya
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of maintaining muscle tone during unloading through tetanus toxin (TeNT) treatment on the regulation of atrophic processes. The results showed that TeNT treatment can reduce the decline in muscle strength and affect the expression of MyHC Iβ. These effects are mediated by signaling pathways regulating protein synthesis and degradation.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2022)