Article
Oncology
Giacomo Bregni, Benjamin Beck
Summary: Prognosis for patients with oesophageal cancer is poor and precision oncology for this disease is still lacking. Recent advances have been made in oesophageal cancer profiling and clinical trials based on targeted therapies.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aileen McGonigal
Summary: Frontal lobe seizures are debilitating and diverse, making them challenging to evaluate. Research has shown that motor symptoms reflect the hierarchical organization of the frontal lobe, aiding in presurgical localization. Distinguishing between different frontal sublobar regions is possible based on motor and emotional signs. The semiology of frontal lobe seizures also provides valuable in vivo human behavioral data for neuroscience.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Chenxing Guo, Adam C. Sedgwick, Takehiro Hirao, Jonathan L. Sessler
Summary: This review focuses on fluorescence-based sensors incorporating supramolecular chemistry to achieve desired sensing outcomes. It summarizes early work and recent advances, emphasizing design strategies and supramolecular approaches for analyte sensing. The discussion includes anion sensing and future directions in the field.
COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Giorgia Ceravolo, Kristina Zhelcheska, Violetta Squadrito, David Pellerin, Eloisa Gitto, Louise Hartley, Henry Houlden
Summary: Leukodystrophies are rare genetic disorders that primarily affect the white matter of the central nervous system. Comprehensive diagnostic approaches, including clinical evaluation, neuroimaging, metabolic testing, and genetic testing, are necessary. Advances in molecular diagnostics, particularly whole-exome sequencing, have improved the diagnostic yield. Gene therapy is emerging as a potential treatment avenue for leukodystrophies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Sofia Ramiro, Elena Nikiphorou, Alexandre Sepriano, Augusta Ortolan, Casper Webers, Xenofon Baraliakos, Robert B. M. Landewe, Filip E. Van den Bosch, Boryana Boteva, Ann Bremander, Philippe Carron, Adrian Ciurea, Floris A. van Gaalen, Pal Geher, Lianne Gensler, Josef Hermann, Manouk de Hooge, Marketa Husakova, Uta Kiltz, Clementina Lopez-Medina, Pedro M. Machado, Helena Marzo-Ortega, Anna Molto, Victoria Navarro-Compan, Michael J. Nissen, Fernando M. Pimentel-Santos, Denis Poddubnyy, Fabian Proft, Martin Rudwaleit, Mark Telkman, Sizheng Steven Zhao, Nelly Ziade, Desiree van der Heijde
Summary: The ASAS-EULAR recommendations provide updated guidance on the management of axial spondyloarthritis, including treatment targets, non-pharmacological interventions, and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as the first-line pharmacological treatment. For patients with comorbidities, the use of biological and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) is recommended. The recommendations also cover the management of extramusculoskeletal manifestations, tapering of bDMARDs, and surgical interventions.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
M. H. Yashavarddhan, Deepika Bohra, Rashmi Rana, Hardeep Singh Tuli, Vivek Ranjan, Devinder Singh Rana, Nirmal Kumar Ganguly
Summary: The 2022 Monkeypox virus, originating in Africa, has shown increased human-to-human transmissibility and potential animal transmission. Its host remains unidentified, and there is a lack of universal prevention or treatment methods, making research and containment strategies crucial.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Min Wang, Lianwen Zheng, Ruixin Lin, Shuai Ma, Jiahui Li, Shuli Yang
Summary: Endometriosis is a gynecological condition with increasing incidence, significantly impacting women's daily lives and contributing to female infertility. Exosomes, which carry lncRNA and protect it from the outside environment, are being studied for their role in endometriosis. Specific lncRNAs may play a crucial role in the development and growth of endometriosis. High specificity and sensitivity Exosome lncRNA screening could greatly improve the early diagnosis of endometriosis and provide a new target for medication development.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lirong Lin, Wei Tan, Xianfeng Pan, En Tian, Zhifeng Wu, Jurong Yang
Summary: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a disease that includes visceral obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. It has a high prevalence and is an important risk factor for chronic kidney disease. This article compares different diagnostic criteria for MetS and discusses interventions and underlying mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Giuseppe Lisco, Anna De Tullio, Domenico Triggiani, Roberta Zupo, Vito Angelo Giagulli, Giovanni De Pergola, Giuseppina Piazzolla, Edoardo Guastamacchia, Carlo Sabba, Vincenzo Triggiani
Summary: The thyroid gland needs iodine to produce thyroid hormones, and lack of iodine can result in various disorders. Iodine requirements are higher in certain groups such as infants, children, and pregnant women. Iodine can be obtained from food, and supplementation is necessary in endemic areas to prevent iodine deficiency disorders. Salt fortification has been successful in eradicating IDD in many countries. However, subclinical iodine deficiency still exists in certain populations, and additional strategies might be needed.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Arijit Mondal, Amit Kumar Nayak, Prithviraj Chakraborty, Sabyasachi Banerjee, Bankim Chandra Nandy
Summary: Cancer is a common and deadly disease, and nanomedicine has emerged as a potential substitute for cancer treatment. The combination of natural bioactive compounds and nanotechnology has shown promise in improving chemotherapy effectiveness. Nanotechnology allows for targeted delivery of drugs, while natural bioactive compounds enhance the therapeutic outcomes.
Article
Oncology
Rahul Seth, Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Hans Messersmith, Krishna C. Alluri, Paolo A. Ascierto, Michael B. Atkins, Kathryn Bollin, Matias Chacon, Nancy Davis, Mark B. Faries, Pauline Funchain, Jason S. Gold, Samantha Guild, David E. Gyorki, Varinder Kaur, Nikhil I. Khushalani, John M. Kirkwood, Jennifer Leigh McQuade, Michael O. Meyers, Anthony Provenzano, Caroline Robert, Mario Santinami, Amikar Sehdev, Vernon K. Sondak, Gilliosa Spurrier, Umang Swami, Thach-Giao Truong, Katy K. Tsai, Alexander van Akkooi, Jeffrey Weber
Summary: This study provides guidance to clinicians on the use of systemic therapy for melanoma. It presents updated recommendations based on a systematic review and identifies new potential treatment options for different stages and mutation statuses of melanoma.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Dermatology
Uwe Wollina
Summary: This narrative review discusses the application of surgery in the diagnosis, treatment of primary tumors, and metastasis of cutaneous melanoma in the era of new and effective medical treatment options. While surgery remains important in the diagnosis and treatment of primary melanoma, therapeutic lymphadenectomy has lost its importance. Sentinel lymph node diagnostics and metastasectomy are useful in a tailored individual approach of combined treatments.
DERMATOLOGIC THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yongquan Tang, Yan Chen, Zhe Zhang, Bo Tang, Zongguang Zhou, Haining Chen
Summary: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cells with self-renewal and tumorigenic properties, playing crucial roles in tumor development and resistance to treatment. Targeting CSC signaling pathways is a promising therapeutic strategy, with advancements in cancer omics providing new targets. Nanotechnology for RNAi delivery can enhance efficacy by overcoming limitations of RNAi.
Review
Cell Biology
Yalan Ma, Lianwen Zheng, Yiyin Gao, Wenying Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Ying Xu
Summary: Circular RNA (circRNA) is a highly conserved, stable, and abundant non-coding RNA that plays a crucial role in the progression of human cancers. It has a closed circular structure, is more stable than linear RNA, and can act as a microRNA sponge, interact with RNA-binding proteins, and regulate gene transcription.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessia Villani, Luca Potestio, Gabriella Fabbrocini, Giancarlo Troncone, Umberto Malapelle, Massimiliano Scalvenzi
Summary: Cutaneous melanoma is the main cause of death for skin cancer, and its treatment remains challenging. Previous reliance on chemotherapeutic agents has not shown efficacy data. However, the introduction of emerging therapies has provided new hope for the management of melanoma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)