Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuanling Yu, Meiyu Wang, Xiaoai Zhang, Shufen Li, Qingbin Lu, Haolong Zeng, Hongyan Hou, Hao Li, Mengyi Zhang, Fei Jiang, Jiajing Wu, Ruxia Ding, Zehua Zhou, Min Liu, Weixue Si, Tao Zhu, Hangwen Li, Jie Ma, Yuanyuan Gu, Guangbiao She, Xiaokun Li, Yulan Zhang, Ke Peng, Weijin Huang, Wei Liu, Youchun Wang
Summary: ADCC responses are antibody-regulated immune responses mediated through the Fc fragment, and it is unclear if they contribute to COVID-19 disease development. Interestingly, patients with severe COVID-19 had higher ADCC activities, with recovered patients showing higher levels than deceased patients. This highlights ADCC as a major trait of COVID-19 patients with potential implications for neutralization levels against the virus.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eva Stadler, Martin T. Burgess, Timothy E. Schlub, Shanchita R. Khan, Khai Li Chai, Zoe K. McQuilten, Erica M. Wood, Mark N. Polizzotto, Stephen J. Kent, Deborah Cromer, Miles P. Davenport, David S. Khoury
Summary: Multiple monoclonal antibodies have been effective for both prophylaxis and therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aggregates data from randomized controlled trials to model the dose-response relationship of monoclonal antibodies for prophylaxis. The estimated 50% protection from COVID-19 is achieved with a concentration of 96-fold of the in vitro IC50.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Basudev Paudyal, Adam McNee, Pramila Rijal, B. Veronica Carr, Alejandro Nunez, John McCauley, Rodney S. Daniels, Alain R. Townsend, John A. Hammond, Elma Tchilian
Summary: Prophylactic intravenous administration of specific monoclonal antibodies in pigs showed significant reduction in lung pathology and virus loads, but not consistent reduction in nasal shedding. The effect on lung pathology and virus load is consistent across different doses, suggesting that lower doses may be effective in reducing disease severity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Zoology
Qianqian Su, Yi Chen, Hongxuan He
Summary: This study analyzed the natural variation and evolutionary processes of the rodent TLR family. The results showed that purifying selection dominated, but there were also positively selected sites. Gene-conversion events were found between TLR1 and TLR6, and positive selection acted on TLR2, TLR8, and TLR12 in different rodent species. Additionally, viral-sensing TLRs had lower proportion of polymorphisms with potentially functional change compared to nonviral-sensing TLRs in both rat species.
INTEGRATIVE ZOOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Guanying Zhang, Rui Yu, Xiangyang Chi, Zhengshan Chen, Meng Hao, Peng Du, Pengfei Fan, Yujiao Liu, Yunzhu Dong, Ting Fang, Yi Chen, Xiaohong Song, Shuling Liu, Jianmin Li, Changming Yu, Wei Chen
Summary: The study identified monoclonal antibodies derived from memory B cells of a healthy adult immunized with the C-terminal domain of tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT). Some of these antibodies showed protective effects in mice challenged with TeNT, while others significantly prolonged survival time. The antibodies recognized distinct epitopes on tetanus toxoid, with varying binding affinities, offering promising therapeutic candidates for tetanus.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Toshihiro Okamoto, Hiromichi Niikawa, David Wheeler, Basem Soliman, Kamal S. Ayyat, Yoshifumi Itoda, Carol F. Farver, Kenneth R. McCurry
Summary: The study findings suggest that lung weight at donor hospital, lung weight change during EVLP, and lung weight at 2 h of EVLP may serve as predictors of P/F ratio and transplant suitability in cellular EVLP.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lingyuan Xu, A. M. Abd El-Aty, Jing Zhao, Xingmei Lei, Xiuyuan Zhang, Yun Zhao, Xueyan Cui, Yongxin She, Fen Jin, Jing Wang, Maojun Jin, Bruce D. D. Hammock
Summary: A novel 3-((4-(isopropylamino)-6-(methylthio)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) amino) butyric acid hapten was designed and synthesized to maximize antigen exposure. The hapten was confirmed by NMR and HRMS. Immunogens and coated antigens were created using the active ester approach. Mice were immunized using bovine serum albumin as an immunogen and the hapten. A highly specific monoclonal antibody against prometryn was produced with good characteristics.
Article
Immunology
Yusuke Murakami, Ryutaro Fukui, Reika Tanaka, Yuji Motoi, Atsuo Kanno, Ryota Sato, Kiyoshi Yamaguchi, Hirofumi Amano, Yoichi Furukawa, Hitoshi Suzuki, Yusuke Suzuki, Naoto Tamura, Naomi Yamashita, Kensuke Miyake
Summary: The study showed that anti-TLR7 monoclonal antibody protected lupus-prone mice from nephritis by reducing IgG deposition in glomeruli through inhibiting autoantibody production. In addition, the antibody also suppressed the increase of lupus-associated patrolling monocytes in circulation, spleen, and glomeruli. These findings suggest that targeting TLR7 could be a promising therapeutic approach for lupus nephritis by regulating autoantibody production and monocytosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. Garrett Rappazzo, Longping Tse, Chengzi Kaku, Daniel Wrapp, Mrunal Sakharkar, Deli Huang, Laura M. Deveau, Thomas J. Yockachonis, Andrew S. Herbert, Michael B. Battles, Cecilia M. O'Brien, Michael E. Brown, James C. Geoghegan, Jonathan Belk, Linghang Peng, Linlin Yang, Yixuan Hou, Trevor D. Scobey, Dennis R. Burton, David Nemazee, John M. Dye, James E. Voss, Bronwyn M. Gunn, Jason S. McLellan, Ralph S. Baric, Lisa E. Gralinski, Laura M. Walker
Summary: The engineered antibody ADG-2 shows enhanced neutralization breadth and potency against a wide range of sarbecoviruses, providing complete protection in SARS and COVID-19 mouse models. Structural and biochemical studies reveal that ADG-2 targets a highly conserved epitope through a unique angle of approach.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xinghe Wang, Kedi Guo, Ye Zhao, Tong Li, Yuping Yang, Lingfei Xu, Su Liu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the lung-protective effects of lidocaine in patients at intermediate/high risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. The results showed that intraoperative intravenous infusion of lidocaine can reduce the incidence of PPCs, especially atelectasis.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jingwen Cao, Ran Xu, Yuan Geng, Shiwen Xu, Mengyao Guo
Summary: Microplastics are common pollutants that have various plastic applications. They can now be found in the air and inhaled into the lungs, leading to respiratory diseases. This study utilized mice models to demonstrate that exposure to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPS) of different sizes caused severe inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and collagen deposition in the lungs, with smaller sizes having more noticeable damage. The study also found that PS-MPS targeted binding to Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), exacerbating fibrosis by promoting inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis through activation of the NF-KB signal pathway.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Luigi Pisani, Anna De Nicolo, Marcella Schiavone, Adetunji O. Adeniji, Angela De Palma, Francesco di Gennaro, Edward Ejiro Emuveyan, Salvatore Grasso, Patricia C. Henwood, Alimamy P. Koroma, Stije Leopold, Claudia Marotta, Giuseppe Marulli, Giovanni Putoto, Enzo Pisani, James Russel, Ary Serpa Neto, Arjen M. Dondorp, Eva Hanciles, Michael M. Koroma, Marcus J. Schultz
Summary: This study aimed to determine the frequency, timing, and types of pulmonary complications in critically ill parturients, and found that pulmonary complications were associated with poor outcomes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Laura C. Amado-Rodriguez, Raquel Rodriguez-Garcia, Giacomo Bellani, Tai Pham, Eddy Fan, Fabiana Madotto, John Laffey, Guillermo Albaiceta
Summary: The study suggests that higher airway pressures in patients with cardiogenic pulmonary edema are associated with increased mortality. These patients may be at a higher risk of ventilator-induced lung injury.
JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE CARE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Fei Wang, Zhimin Wan, Jinsen Wu, Yajuan Wang, Hui Fu, Hongxia Shao, Kun Qian, Wei Gao, Jianqiang Ye, Aijian Qin
Summary: The study found that the monoclonal antibody 1G8 can cross-react with and inhibit the NA of H3N2 human seasonal influenza virus. It also provides protection against H1N2 viruses carrying H9N2 NA or H3N2 NA. Additionally, residue 199 is crucial for H3N2 HSIV to escape from mAb 1G8.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qi Shao, Shuangjie Li, Qi Cao, Haotian Gu, Jiajia Zhang, Youwen Zhang, Kaili Zhang, Wanglong Zheng, Nanhua Chen, Shaobin Shang, Jianzhong Zhu
Summary: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against porcine RLR proteins were developed, targeting different regions for RIG-I, MDA5, and LGP2. It was found that the RIG-I and MDA5 mAbs were specific to pigs, while the LGP2 mAbs showed reactivity with both pigs and humans. This study not only provides useful tools for porcine RLR antiviral signaling research, but also reveals insights into porcine innate immunity and immune biology by highlighting the porcine species specificity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)