4.2 Article

Associations of Mindfulness with Nicotine Dependence, Withdrawal, and Agency

Journal

SUBSTANCE ABUSE
Volume 30, Issue 4, Pages 318-327

Publisher

ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/08897070903252973

Keywords

Agency; mindfulness; nicotine dependence; self-efficacy; withdrawal

Funding

  1. National Institute on Drug Abuse [R01DA018875]
  2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [K01CD000086, K01DP001120]
  3. National Cancer Institute [R25CA57730]
  4. NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R25CA057730, P30CA016672] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
  5. NATIONAL CENTER FOR CHRONIC DISEASE PREV AND HEALTH PROMO [K01DP001120] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
  6. NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE [R01DA018875] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER

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Quitting smoking is a major life stressor that results in numerous aversive consequences, including persistently increased level of post-cessation negative affect and relapse. The identification of factors that may enhance behavioral and emotional regulation after quitting may be useful in enhancing quit rates and preventing relapse. One factor broadly linked with behavioral and emotional regulation is mindfulness. This study examined baseline associations of mindfulness with demographic variables, smoking history, dependence, withdrawal severity, and agency among 158 smokers enrolled in a cessation trial. Results indicated that mindfulness was negatively associated with level of nicotine dependence and withdrawal severity, and positively associated with a sense of agency regarding cessation. Moreover, mindfulness remained significantly associated with these measures even after controlling for key demographic variables. Results suggest that low level of mindfulness may be an important predictor of vulnerability to relapse among adult smokers preparing to quit; thus, mindfulness-based interventions may enhance cessation.

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