Journal
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
Volume 4, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.189
Keywords
hyperosmotic stress; retinal pigmented epithelial cells; cell cycle arrest
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Funding
- Fund for Medical Scientific Research (FRSM, Belgium) [3.4502.09]
- Funds for Research in Ophthalmology (FRO, Belgium)
- FNRS fellowship (FNRS, Belgium)
- Vesale Foundation Award
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Osmotic changes occur in many tissues and profoundly influence cell function. Herein, we investigated the effect of hyperosmotic stress on retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells using a microarray approach. Upon 4-h exposure to 100mM NaCl or 200mM sucrose, 79 genes were downregulated and 72 upregulated. Three gene ontology categories were significantly modulated: cell proliferation, transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter and response to abiotic stimulus. Fluorescent-activated cell sorting analysis further demonstrated that owing to hyperosmotic stimulation for 24 h, cell count and cell proliferation, as well as the percentage of cells in G0/G1 and S phases were significantly decreased, whereas the percentage of cells in G(2)/M phases increased, and apoptosis and necrosis remained unaffected. Accordingly, hyperosmotic conditions induced a decrease of cyclin B1 and D1 expression, and an activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that hypertonic conditions profoundly affect RPE cell gene transcription regulating cell proliferation by downregulation cyclin D1 and cyclin B1 protein expression.
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