Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Leela R. L. Davies, Malisa T. Smith, Deniz Cizmeci, Stephanie Fischinger, Jessica Shih-Lu Lee, Lenette L. Lu, Erik D. Layton, Alison D. Grant, Katherine Fielding, Catherine M. Stein, W. Henry Boom, Thomas R. Hawn, Sarah M. Fortune, Robert S. Wallis, Gavin J. Churchyard, Galit Alter, Chetan Seshadri
Summary: The prevalence of tuberculosis is high among gold miners in South Africa, but a fraction of them show consistently negative results on conventional tests. This study discovered unconventional immune signatures of exposure to M.tb in these "resisters" and demonstrated that TNF may play a role in the coordinated response between T-cells and B-cells. These findings have implications for clinical diagnostics and understanding immune responses to TB.
Article
Microbiology
Paula Josefina Gomez-Gonzalez, Anna D. Grabowska, Leopold D. Tientcheu, Anthony G. Tsolaki, Martin L. Hibberd, Susana Campino, Jody E. Phelan, Taane G. Clark
Summary: This study investigated the genetic diversity of the mat genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and found that these genes are highly conserved among different strains, although some variations were observed. Understanding the diversity and conservation of the mat genes can provide insights into the genetic pathogenesis of tuberculosis and contribute to the development of new strategies for tuberculosis control.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Preeti Thakur, Rujapak Sutiwisesak, Yu-Jung Lu, Samuel M. Behar
Summary: Studies have shown that granulysin in human CD8 T cells plays an important role in restricting the growth of intracellular pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, using GNLY-Tg mice, it was found that pulmonary CD8 T cells could not detect the expression of granulysin after tuberculosis infection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julia Y. Kam, Elinor Hortle, Elizabeth Krogman, Sherridan E. Warner, Kathryn Wright, Kaiming Luo, Tina Cheng, Pradeep Manuneedhi Cholan, Kazu Kikuchi, James A. Triccas, Warwick J. Britton, Matt D. Johansen, Laurent Kremer, Stefan H. Oehlers
Summary: This study investigates the differences in immunopathogenesis induced by R and S variants of M. abscessus using an adult zebrafish model.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Renuga Devi Kanabalan, Le Jie Lee, Tze Yan Lee, Pei Pei Chong, Latiffah Hassan, Rosnah Ismail, Voon Kin Chin
Summary: The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) consists of nine closely related species that cause tuberculosis in animals and humans, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis being the primary causative agent for human tuberculosis globally. The pathogenesis of human tuberculosis involves complex interactions between host factors and bacterial determinants. Research indicates the potential of host biomarkers in early diagnosis, disease differentiation, and treatment monitoring for tuberculosis.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jan Madacki, Mickael Orgeur, Guillem Mas Fiol, Wafa Frigui, Laurence Ma, Roland Brosch
Summary: The study revealed that interstrain DNA transfer among tubercle bacilli is independent of a functional ESX-1 type VII secretion system, contrasting with the widely studied model organism Mycobacterium smegmatis. This finding provides new insights into the genetic events driving the pathoevolution of M. tuberculosis and challenges previous perceptions of HGT in mycobacteria, particularly for species lacking ESX-1 secretion systems.
Review
Immunology
Ana B. Enriquez, Angelo Izzo, Shannon M. Miller, Erica L. Stewart, Robert N. Mahon, Daniel J. Frank, Jay T. Evans, Jyothi Rengarajan, James A. Triccas
Summary: Tuberculosis remains a leading cause of death worldwide, with recent advancements in vaccine research showing potential for more effective vaccines in the future. More research and development are needed to improve TB vaccine efficacy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gun Li, Liang Zhang, Pei Xue
Summary: This study investigates the codon usage pattern of coding sequences in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and reveals the differences and characteristics of specific functional genes, providing new insights into the evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and measures for prevention and control of tuberculosis from a gene engineering perspective.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alma E. Ochoa, Jack H. Congel, Jodi M. Corley, William J. Janssen, Jerry A. Nick, Kenneth C. Malcolm, Katherine B. Hisert
Summary: Mycobacterium abscessus is a pathogen that can cause pulmonary infections in people with chronic airway diseases. The study found that Dectin-1 can recognize M. abscessus, but blocking it does not affect the uptake of M. abscessus by macrophages. The study also found that besides Dectin-1, other receptors can also participate in the phagocytosis of M. abscessus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenping Wei, Xiaofang Jiang, Li Zhang, Yunjun Yan, Jinyong Yan, Li Xu, Chun-Hui Gao, Min Yang
Summary: A transcription factor called CasR was identified in this study, which can bind to the upstream DNA sequence of the CRISPR-Cas gene cluster and regulate the expression of cas genes. The findings provide new insights into the regulatory effect of CasR on the expression of CRISPR-associated genes in mycobacteria.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cheleka A. M. Mpande, Virginie Rozot, Boitumelo Mosito, Munyaradzi Musvosvi, One B. Dintwe, Nicole Bilek, Mark Hatherill, Thomas J. Scriba, Elisa Nemes
Summary: Recent M.tb infection is associated with highly activated and moderately differentiated functional M.tb-specific T cell subsets, which can be used as biomarkers to distinguish recent from remote infection. This study provides new insights into the immunobiology of M.tb infection and potential diagnostic tools.
Article
Immunology
Martin Corcoran, Mark Chernyshev, Marco Mandolesi, Sanjana Narang, Mateusz Kaduk, Kewei Ye, Christopher Sundling, Anna Farnert, Taras Kreslavsky, Carolina Bernhardsson, Maximilian Larena, Mattias Jakobsson, Gunilla B. Karlsson Hedestam
Summary: Detailed analysis of TCR genes in 45 donors from four human populations revealed 175 additional TCR variable and junctional alleles, with coding changes and different frequencies among populations. The study also identified Neanderthal-derived TCR regions and a highly divergent TRGV4 variant that is frequent in modern Eurasian population groups. These findings highlight the remarkable variation in TCR genes and suggest the inclusion of allelic variation in studies of TCR function.
Article
Microbiology
Khushboo Borah Slater, Luana Moraes, Ye Xu, Daniel Kim
Summary: In this study, the authors used C-13 metabolic flux analysis to measure intracellular carbon metabolic fluxes in Mtb-infected macrophages and found that glycolytic fluxes were significantly increased and pentose phosphate pathway fluxes were reduced in infected macrophages.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hawult Taye, Kassahun Alemu, Adane Mihret, Sosina Ayalew, Elena Hailu, James L. N. Wood, Ziv Shkedy, Stefan Berg, Abraham Aseffa
Summary: This study investigated factors associated with the predominance of M. tb lineages and clustering rate in urban and peri-urban settings in Ethiopia. The majority of strains belonged to L3 and L4, with a high percentage of isolates sharing patterns. Compared to L3, infections with L4 were more likely to be associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. The overall rate of strain clustering was high, indicating a need for further detailed investigations into the molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis in Ethiopia.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fuzhen Zhang, Shanshan Yu, Qiyao Chai, Jing Wang, Tuoya Wu, Rongmei Liu, Yi Liu, Cui Hua Liu, Yu Pang
Summary: Research has shown that TB resisters exhibit higher immune responses and lower intracellular bacterial loads upon infection, largely dependent on the specific immune factor HDAC6.
Article
Immunology
Caroline M. Williams, Abdul K. Muhammad, Basil Sambou, Adama Bojang, Alhaji Jobe, Georgetta K. Daffeh, Olumuyiwa Owolabi, Daniel Pan, Manish Pareek, Michael R. Barer, Jayne S. Sutherland, Pranabashis Haldar
Summary: Mask sampling is a sensitive and noninvasive tool for evaluating the infectiousness of individuals in high tuberculosis (TB) burden settings. It provides better insight into community transmission and can inform public health interventions more reliably than sputum bacillary load.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paul Ogongo, Joel D. Ernst
Article
Microbiology
Chantal Renau-Minguez, Paula Herrero-Abadia, Paula Ruiz-Rodriguez, Vicente Sentandreu, Eduard Torrents, Alvaro Chiner-Oms, Manuela Torres-Puente, Inaki Comas, Esther Julian, Mireia Coscolla
Summary: This study describes the genome of M. brumae and compares it with other strains. M. brumae is a non-pathogenic rapidly growing mycobacterium with high immunogenicity but lacks virulence-related genes. This work provides important genomic data for studying the therapeutic potential of this bacterium.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Michael B. Hall, Marie Sylvianne Rabodoarivelo, Anastasia Koch, Anzaan Dippenaar, Sophie George, Melanie Grobbelaar, Robin Warren, Timothy M. Walker, Helen Cox, Sebastien Gagneux, Derrick Crook, Tim Peto, Niaina Rakotosamimanana, Simon Grandjean Lapierre, Zamin Iqbal
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether Nanopore sequencing data can provide equivalent information to Illumina for transmission clustering and genotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The results showed that Nanopore can achieve comparable performance with Illumina in clustering transmission and genotypic DST of M.tb. Therefore, public health laboratories can choose to use either or both technologies based on cost, batching, and turnaround time.
Article
Immunology
Andrew J. Sawyer, Ellis Patrick, Jarem Edwards, James S. Wilmott, Timothy Fielder, Qianting Yang, Daniel L. Barber, Joel D. Ernst, Warwick J. Britton, Umaimainthan Palendira, Xinchun Chen, Carl G. Feng
Summary: Sawyer et al. used multiplex imaging to profile 726 individual lesions in human tuberculosis granulomas, revealing their diversity. They identified four distinct lesion types that form a histopathological superstructure around necrotic granulomas. This study provides spatial resolution at the single-cell level and shows the heterogeneity of TB granulomas in human tissues.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jose Dominguez, Martin J. Boeree, Emmanuelle Cambau, Dumitru Chesov, Francesca Conradie, Vivian Cox, Keertan Dheda, Andrii Dudnyk, Maha R. Farhat, Sebastien Gagneux, Martin P. Grobusch, Matthias Groeschel, Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Irina Kontsevaya, Berit Lange, Frank van Leth, Christian Lienhardt, Anna M. Mandalakas, Florian P. Maurer, Matthias Merker, Paolo Miotto, Barbara Molina-Moya, Florence Morel, Stefan Niemann, Nicolas Veziris, Andrew Whitelaw, Charles R. Horsburgh Jr, Christoph Lange
Summary: Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a global concern and molecular methods provide rapid information on mutations associated with anti-tuberculosis drug resistance. This consensus document, developed by TBnet and RESIST-TB networks, establishes reporting standards for the clinical use of molecular drug susceptibility testing. The panel identified studies linking M tuberculosis mutations with treatment outcomes, and highlights the importance of implementing molecular testing for drug resistance prediction.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chloe Loiseau, Etthel M. Windels, Sebastian M. Gygli, Levan Jugheli, Nino Maghradze, Daniela Brites, Amanda Ross, Galo Goig, Miriam Reinhard, Sonia Borrell, Andrej Trauner, Anna Dotsch, Rusudan Aspindzelashvili, Rebecca Denes, Klaus Reither, Christian Beisel, Nestani Tukvadze, Zaza Avaliani, Tanja Stadler, Sebastien Gagneux
Summary: The authors analyzed genomic sequences from tuberculosis bacteria isolated from Georgia and found that the transmission fitness of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) strains is heterogeneous. Highly drug-resistant and transmissible isolates contribute to the emergence and maintenance of MDR-TB hotspots.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Michaela Zwyer, Liliana Rutaihwa, Etthel Windels, Jerry Hella, Fabrizio Menardo, Mohamed Sasamalo, Gregor Sommer, Lena Schmulling, Sonia Borrell, Miriam C. Reinhard, Anna Dotsch, Hellen Hiza, Christoph D. Stritt, George Sikalengo, Lukas Fenner, Bouke De Jong, Midori Kato-Maeda, Levan Jugheli, Joel Ernst, Stefan Niemann, Leila Jeljeli, Marie Ballif, Matthias Egger, Niaina J. Rakotosamimanana, Dorothy Yeboah-Manu, Prince Asare, Bijaya Malla, Horng Yunn Dou, Nicolas Zetola, Robert Wilkinson, Helen Cox, E. Jane Carter, Joachim Gnokoro, Marcel Yotebieng, Eduardo Gotuzzo, Alash'le Abimiku, Anchalee Avihingsanon, Zhi Ming Xu, Jacques Fellay, Damien Portevin, Klaus Reither, Tanja Stadler, Sebastien Gagneux, Daniela Brites
Summary: In Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, the tuberculosis epidemic is dominated by multiple Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) genotypes introduced from different parts of the world. These genotypes differ in transmission rates and infectious period duration, but have similar overall fitness. The high prevalence of the L3.1.1 genotype is attributed to its early introduction and high transmission rate.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Elena Hailu, Daire Cantillon, Carlos Madrazo, Graham Rose, Paul R. Wheeler, Paul Golby, Bethlehem Adnew, Sebastien Gagneux, Abraham Aseffa, Stephen V. Gordon, Inaki Comas, Douglas B. Young, Simon J. Waddell, Gerald Larrouy-Maumus, Stefan Berg
Summary: Lineage 7 (L7) emerged in the phylogeny of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) subsequent to the branching of 'ancient' lineage 1 and prior to the Eurasian dispersal of 'modern' lineages 2, 3 and 4. The restricted distribution of L7, mainly confined to the Ethiopian population, may be explained by lineage-specific mutations in biosynthesis pathways of cell wall lipids, including deficiency of methoxy-mycolic acids. The loss of these mycolic acid moieties alters the cell structure, colony morphology, and biofilm formation, potentially impacting the host-pathogen interaction and contributing to the limited geographical spread of L7.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Tracy R. Richardson, Bronwyn Smith, Stephanus T. N. Malherbe, Jane Alexandra Shaw, Firdows Noor, Candice MacDonald, Gian D. van der Spuy, Kim Stanley, Alida Carstens, Tarryn-Lee Fisher, Ilana van Rensburg, Marika Flinn, Candice Snyders, Isaac Johnson, Bernadine Fransman, Hazel Dockrell, Guy Thwaites, Nguyen Thuy Thuong Thuong, Claudia Schacht, Harriet Mayanja-Kizza, Mary Nsereko, Elisa M. Tjon Kon Fat, Paul L. A. M. Corstjens, Annemieke Geluk, Morton Ruhwald, Adam Penn-Nicholson, Novel Chegou, Jayne Sutherland, Gerhard Walzl
Summary: To improve TB diagnosis, WHO is calling for a non-sputum based triage test to focus testing on high-risk individuals. The TriageTB study aims to assess the accuracy of diagnostic test candidates and validate a multi-biomarker point-of-care test. By targeting confirmatory testing to those with a positive triage test, diagnostic costs can be reduced and TB care improved.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pascal Maser, Sonja Bernhard, Reto Brun, Christian Burri, Sebastien Gagneux, Manuel W. Hetzel, Marcel Kaiser, Christian Lengeler, Gerd Pluschke, Elisabeth Reus, Matthias Rottmann, Juerg Utzinger, Louisa Warryn, Sergio Wittlin, Jennifer Keiser
Summary: Thanks to its expertise and collaborations with institutions in LMICs, Swiss TPH has been a key contributor in drug research and development for neglected tropical diseases and infectious diseases of poverty, making fundamental contributions to the development of new drugs and the better utilization of old drugs.
Letter
Immunology
Caroline M. Williams, Michael R. Barer, Jayne S. Sutherland, Pranabashis Haldar
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
O. A. Owolabi, A. K. Sillah, I. Loum, A. Touray, M. D. Genekah, F. Sathar, O. Ivanova, A. Rachow, D. Evans, J. S. Sutherland
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Stephen Osei-Wusu, John Tetteh, Abdul Basit Musah, Desmond Opoku Ntiamoah, Nelly Arthur, Abraham Adjei, Ainhoa Arbues, Ebenezer Addo Ofori, Kwadwo Akyea Mensah, Sutaya Elsie Afua Galevo, Abena Frema Frempong, Prince Asare, Adwoa Asante-Poku, Isaac Darko Otchere, Kwadwo Asamoah Kusi, Tobias Lenz, Sebastien Gagneux, Damien Portevin, Dorothy Yeboah-Manu
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) lineage 5 (L5) infections in different ethnic groups in Ghana, finding a higher prevalence in the Ewe ethnic group. Using ex vivo infection of macrophages, the study found that L4 strains showed higher uptake and replication in Ewe macrophages, while L5 strains showed higher uptake and replication in Akan macrophages.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Tessa R. Cornell, Dawda Jobe, Simon Donkor, Daniel G. Wootton, Gina Pinchbeck, Jayne S. Sutherland, Claire Elizabeth Scantlebury
Summary: This baseline study provides evidence of Histoplasma seropositivity in TB patients in The Gambia and explores risk factors for exposure. The small sample size and use of the LAT in TB and HIV-positive patient groups are significant study limitations. Future research directions are proposed to ascertain the burden of Histoplasma in general and patient populations and explore the context-specific risk factors for exposure and infection in The Gambia.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)