Clinical and Radiologic Outcome of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery on Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas

Objective To elucidate the role of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in the management of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFAs). Materials and Methods A retrospective review of 57 consecutive patients spanning 2000 to 2013 with NFAs was performed. Of 57 patients, 53 patients had recurrent or residual tumors after microsurgical resection. The study population was evaluated clinically and radiographically after GKRS treatment. The median follow-up time was 45.57 months. Results GKRS in pituitary adenomas showed significant variations in tumor growth control (decreased in 32 patients [56.1%], arrested growth in 21 patients [36.1%], and increased tumor size in 4 patients [7%]). Progression-free survival after GKRS at 3, 7, and 10 years was 100%, 98%, and 90%, respectively. The neurologic signs and symptoms were significantly improved after GKRS (14% versus 107%) compared with pretreated signs and symptoms (p < 0.0001). Five patients (8.8%) required additional treatment. Conclusion Recent follow-up revealed that GKRS offers a high rate of tumor control and preservation of neurologic functions in both new and recurrent patients with NFAs. Thus GKRS is an effective treatment option for recurrent and residual as well as newly diagnosed patients with NFAs.