Review
Oncology
Charalampos Aktypis, Maria-Eleni Spei, Maria Yavropoulou, Goran Wallin, Anna Koumarianou, Gregory Kaltsas, Eva Kassi, Kosmas Daskalakis
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive review of the safety profile of biotherapy and molecular targeted therapies in NEN patients, focusing on cardiovascular toxicities. Results indicate that SSAs and TPH inhibitors are safer in terms of overall toxicity, particularly cardiovascular toxicities, compared to mTOR inhibitors and TKIs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katherine S. Chen, Courtney Lawhn-Heath, Spencer Behr, Roxanna Juarez, Julia Whitman, Alan Paciorek, Eric K. Nakakura, Nicholas Fidelman, Mary Uan-Sian Feng, Emily K. Bergsland, Mekhail Anwar
Summary: This study analyzed the oncologic outcomes after high-dose radiation in NENs patients at a tertiary hospital and found that local relapse-free survival was high, but the incidence of new metastases remained elevated, especially in PD-M patients. Most patients achieved a favorable response in the irradiated lesion after radiation therapy.
Review
Oncology
Chanjuan Shi, Michael A. Morse
Summary: This article summarizes the treatment methods for advanced neuroendocrine tumors in the intestinal tract and pancreas, as well as the limitations in therapeutic resistance. Although the mechanisms of resistance are poorly understood, early studies suggest that combination therapy or the use of novel targeted drugs may be promising.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuheng Hu, Zeng Ye, Fei Wang, Yi Qin, Xiaowu Xu, Xianjun Yu, Shunrong Ji
Summary: SSTRs have significant clinical significance in pNETs, serving as important targets for diagnosis and treatment, but further research is needed.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Joan Gil, Montserrat Marques-Pamies, Elena Valassi, Guillermo Serra, Isabel Salinas, Gemma Xifra, Paula Casano-Sancho, Cristina Carrato, Betina Biagetti, Gemma Sesmilo, Jennifer Marcos-Ruiz, Helena Rodriguez-Lloveras, Anna Rueda-Pujol, Anna Aulinas, Alberto Blanco, Cristina Hostalot, Andreu Simo-Servat, Fernando Munoz, Marta Rico, Javier Ibanez-Dominguez, Esteban Cordero, Susan M. Webb, Mireia Jorda, Manel Puig-Domingo
Summary: This study evaluated the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers in non-functioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PitNET) and found that NF-PitNET had an enhanced EMT phenomenon. SSTR3 targeting could be a potential therapeutic option for NF-PitNET, except for silent corticotroph adenomas. PEBP1 could be an informative biomarker for tumor regrowth in NF-PitNET.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Ludovica Magi, Matteo Marasco, Maria Rinzivillo, Antongiulio Faggiano, Francesco Panzuto
Summary: Functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) are rare and heterogeneous diseases that secrete hormones or peptides, causing various symptoms. Surgery is the main treatment for local disease, while non-resectable cases have multiple therapeutic options. This review provides a summary of the clinical management and therapeutic approaches for functional pNENs.
CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Yasushi Ichikawa, Noritoshi Kobayashi, Shoko Takano, Ikuma Kato, Keigo Endo, Tomio Inoue
Summary: Theranostics combines therapy and diagnosis in a single chemical entity, with somatostatin receptor scintigraphy and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy being effective methods for neuroendocrine tumors. In Japan, the regulation of radiopharmaceuticals under a complex law system has led to significant drug lag, raising public concerns.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Youssef Chahid, Khaled Hashimi, Ewoudt M. W. van de Garde, Heinz-Josef Kluempen, N. Harry Hendrikse, Jan Booij, Hein J. Verberne
Summary: Patients treated with SSA have higher Ga-68-DOTATATE SUVmax TLR values, and the use of SSA is an independent predictor for SUVmax TLR ≥8.1.
CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olesja Rogoza, Kaspars Megnis, Marija Kudrjavceva, Aija Gerina-Berzina, Vita Rovite
Summary: Somatostatin receptors play a crucial role in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors, delaying tumor progression and regulating hormone overproduction. The expression level of SSTRs has predictive value in therapeutic response and patient survival rate. Future research will focus on other epigenetic regulators affecting somatostatin signaling and combination therapy strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sara Sheikhbahaei, Mohammad S. Sadaghiani, Steven P. Rowe, Lilja B. Solnes
Summary: Theranostics have shown great promise in delivering precision medicine for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), with radiolabeled somatostatin analogues increasingly integrated into management guidelines. Recent FDA-approved radionuclide therapies, including Lu-177-DOTATATE and I-131-MIBG, have shown safety and efficacy in disease control, with potential benefits of combined radionuclide treatment approaches. Functional imaging for therapy response assessment and surveillance of NETs requires further establishment of utility and potential pitfalls.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
E. Vitali, S. Piccini, G. Trivellin, V Smiroldo, E. Lavezzi, A. Zerbi, G. Pepe, A. G. Lania
Summary: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (Pan-NETs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms characterized by the expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTs), with SST2 being the main target for somatostatin analogs (SSAs). SSAs are effective in controlling hormone secretion, tumor proliferation, and other key processes through the binding to SST2. The interaction between SST2 and its associated proteins plays a crucial role in regulating signaling pathways and responsiveness to treatment in Pan-NETs.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Azusa Yamato, Hidekazu Nagano, Yue Gao, Tatsuma Matsuda, Naoko Hashimoto, Akitoshi Nakayama, Kazuyuki Yamagata, Masataka Yokoyama, Yingbo Gong, Xiaoyan Shi, Siti Nurul Zhahara, Takashi Kono, Yuki Taki, Naoto Furuki, Motoi Nishimura, Kentaro Horiguchi, Yasuo Iwadate, Masaki Fukuyo, Bahityar Rahmutulla, Atsushi Kaneda, Yoshinori Hasegawa, Yusuke Kawashima, Osamu Ohara, Tetsuo Ishikawa, Eiryo Kawakami, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Naoko Inoshita, Shozo Yamada, Noriaki Fukuhara, Hiroshi Nishioka, Tomoaki Tanaka
Summary: This study integrates the genetic alterations, protein expressions, and clinical characteristics of growth hormone-producing pituitary adenomas/somatotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors to identify molecules associated with acromegaly characteristics. The results reveal a biological connection between GNAS mutations and the clinical and biochemical characteristics of acromegaly, providing potential targets for medical treatment efficacy.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Francesco Panzuto, Claudio Ricci, Maria Rinzivillo, Ludovica Magi, Matteo Marasco, Giuseppe Lamberti, Riccardo Casadei, Davide Campana
Summary: This study evaluated the antiproliferative activity of a high dose of somatostatin analogs (HD-SSA) in treating gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) through a systematic review and proportion meta-analysis. The results showed that the incidence density ratio (IDR) of new progressions was 62% per year in patients treated with HD-SSA. Furthermore, the study found that HD-SSA had a significantly better effect in studies conducted in the USA, while its efficacy was lower in studies with a high proportion of metastatic patients. Therefore, HD-SSA can be considered as a therapeutic approach in selected cases when other antiproliferative treatments are not feasible.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andrea Lania, Francesco Ferrau, Manila Rubino, Roberta Modica, Annamaria Colao, Antongiulio Faggiano
Summary: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a diverse group of tumors that require a multidisciplinary approach for treatment, with surgery being the only curative option. In recent years, neoadjuvant chemo(radio)therapy has become a standard in cancer treatment, but its efficacy and safety in NEN patients remain uncertain.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Manuel Weber, Tugce Telli, David Kersting, Robert Seifert
Summary: The monitoring of neuroendocrine tumors in patients is challenging and specialized imaging techniques are required. Somatostatin receptor-targeting molecular imaging methods have been proposed to accurately visualize the disease manifestations. However, the prognostic value of total tumor volume, expression level, and related metrics is not yet fully understood.
Article
Oncology
Raquel Cruz-Duarte, Catia Rebelo de Almeida, Magda Negrao, Afonso Fernandes, Paula Borralho, Daniel Sobral, Lina M. Gallego-Paez, Daniel Machado, Joao Gramaca, Jose Vilchez, Ana T. Xavier, Miguel Godinho Ferreira, Ana R. Miranda, Helder Mansinho, Maria J. Brito, Teresa R. Pacheco, Catarina Abreu, Ana Lucia-Costa, Andre Mansinho, Rita Fior, Luis Costa, Marta Martins
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of PLC gamma 1 as a predictive biomarker for cetuximab responses and provides an alternative therapeutic approach to overcome PLC gamma 1-mediated resistance in patients with RAS WT mCRC. The mechanism involves the activation of ERK and AKT pathways and the noncatalytic role of PLC gamma 1 SH2 tandem domains in downstream signaling via SHP2. The findings contribute to the development of novel strategies for the treatment of mCRC.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Joaquim Soares do Brito, Raquel Lopes-Bras, Andre Abrunhosa-Branquinho, Isabel Fernandes, Ines Gomes, Sandra Casimiro, Luis Costa
Summary: Patients with bone metastases often experience complications such as fractures, which have a significant negative impact on clinical outcomes. A tailored approach to managing impending or pathologic fractures should be defined based on individual factors such as controlling systemic disease, extent and nature of bone metastases, and tumor biology.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Joana Mota, Sandra Casimiro, Joao Fernandes, Renata M. Hartmann, Elizangela Schemitt, Jaqueline Picada, Luis Costa, Norma Marroni, Anabela Raymundo, Ana Lima, Ricardo Boavida Ferreira
Summary: The study demonstrates that food fortified with lupin protein concentrate (LPC) can effectively alleviate symptoms of inflammatory bowel diseases, providing significant protective effects against colitis.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Cecilia Melo-Alvim, Maria Eduarda Neves, Jorge Leitao Santos, Andre N. Abrunhosa-Branquinho, Tiago Barroso, Luis Costa, Leonor Ribeiro
Summary: Oral squamous cell carcinoma, the most common malignant epithelial neoplasm in the oral cavity, often cannot be treated with surgical resection due to recurrent or metastatic characteristics. Non-surgical therapeutic options such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, molecular targeted agents, and immunotherapy are important alternatives. The effectiveness and side effects of these treatments should be carefully considered in a multidisciplinary approach.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tito Palmela Leitao, Patricia Corredeira, Sandra Kucharczak, Margarida Rodrigues, Paulina Piairo, Carolina Rodrigues, Patricia Alves, Ana Martins Cavaco, Miguel Miranda, Marilia Antunes, Joao Ferreira, Jose Palma Reis, Tome Lopes, Lorena Dieguez, Luis Costa
Summary: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) often presents as metastatic disease. Research on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and liquid biopsies is improving understanding of RCC biology and metastasis formation. This study aimed to clinically validate the effectiveness of RUBYchip (TM), a microfluidic label-free CTC detection platform, in RCC patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Miguel Esperanca-Martins, Diogo Roque, Tiago Barroso, Andre Abrunhosa-Branquinho, Diogo Belo, Nuno Simas, Luis Costa
Summary: The prevalence of metastatic spine disease is increasing and requires a multidisciplinary approach for optimal clinical outcomes. We reviewed recent data and proposed an updated algorithmic approach to personalized management. A flowchart-based approach provides evidence-based decision-making in a context of uncertainty and urgency.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ramon Weyler Leopoldino, Daniel Paiva Marques, Luan Carvalho Rocha, Flavia Evelyn Medeiros Fernandes, Antonio Gouveia Oliveira, Rand Randall Martins
Summary: This study aimed to develop and validate a tool for predicting adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in neonates hospitalized in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Through a study of neonates admitted to a maternity hospital NICU in Natal, Brazil, five independent risk factors for ADR were identified.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tiago Barroso, Cecilia Melo-Alvim, Leonor Abreu Ribeiro, Sandra Casimiro, Luis Costa
Summary: Precision oncology aims to treat cancer while preserving the integrity of healthy cells and tissues. Classical chemotherapy and radiotherapy can still induce apoptosis in cancer cells, but inhibitors of apoptosis proteins may prevent apoptosis. Recently, inhibitors of these proteins, such as xevinapant, have been developed to enhance the cytotoxic effects of traditional treatments, showing effectiveness in clinical trials. This represents a synergistic approach between classic cytotoxic treatments and new targeted therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ramon Weyler Duarte Leopoldino, Daniel Paiva Marques, Luan Carvalho Rocha, Flavia Evelyn Medeiros Fernandes, Antonio Gouveia Oliveira, Rand Randall Martins
Summary: This study aims to characterize adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in neonates in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), including causative drugs, temporal profile, and associated factors. The results showed that ADRs are very common in the NICU, with tachycardia and hyperthermia predominant in the first week of hospitalization and polyuria and hypokalemia increasing significantly after the third week.
Review
Oncology
Miguel Esperanca-Martins, Cecilia Melo-Alvim, Sara Damaso, Raquel Lopes-Bras, Tania Peniche, Goncalo Nogueira-Costa, Catarina Abreu, Helena Luna Pais, Rita Teixeira de Sousa, Sofia Torres, Lina Marcela Gallego-Paez, Marta Martins, Leonor Ribeiro, Luis Costa
Summary: Breast sarcomas, phyllodes tumors, and desmoid tumors are rare and poorly characterized entities. This article aims to provide new data for researchers and a decision-making tool for clinicians when treating patients with these tumors.
Review
Oncology
Ines Gomes, Catarina Abreu, Luis Costa, Sandra Casimiro
Summary: This review provides an overview of the latest research on the efficacy and resistance of CDK4/6 inhibitors, highlighting the challenges brought by basic treatment for breast cancer and proposing possible treatment strategies.
Article
Cell Biology
Lisa Goncalves, Duarte Goncalves, Teresa Esteban-Casanelles, Tiago Barroso, Ines Soares de Pinho, Raquel Lopes-Bras, Miguel Esperanca-Martins, Vanessa Patel, Sofia Torres, Rita Teixeira de Sousa, Andre Mansinho, Luis Costa
Summary: Although the impact of circadian timing on immunotherapy has not been implemented in clinical practice yet, chronoimmunotherapy shows potential as circadian oscillations are observed in immune cell numbers and the expression of immunotherapy targets. Retrospective studies suggest that morning infusions may lead to higher effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and kidney cancer.
Article
Cell Biology
Ines Gomes, Lina M. Gallego-Paez, Maria Jimenez, Patricia G. Santamaria, Andre Mansinho, Rita Sousa, Catarina Abreu, Eva Gonzalez Suarez, Luis Costa, Sandra Casimiro
Summary: The overexpression of the RANK pathway is associated with resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors in luminal breast cancer. Inhibitors of RANKL can restore sensitivity to CDK4/6 inhibitors and prevent acquired resistance. Further clinical studies are warranted to investigate the potential of RANK pathway inhibition as an add-on to endocrine therapy + CDK4/6 inhibitors for breast cancer treatment.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ines Brandao Rego, Sara Coelho, Patricia Miguel Semedo, Joana Cavaco-Silva, Laetitia Teixeira, Susana Sousa, Joana Reis, Rui Dinis, Fernando Schmitt, Noemia Afonso, Jose Luis Fougo, Francisco Pavao, Ricardo Baptista Leite, Luis Costa
Summary: This study aims to describe the compliance with EUSOMA indicators in breast cancer management in different hospital settings in Portugal. Although most indicators meet EUSOMA standards, there are differences among institutions, especially in diagnosis and disease stages.