Review
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Ren Junze, Wu Yu, Zhu Zhanpin, Chen Ruibing, Zhang Lei
Summary: This article summarizes the biosynthetic pathways of plant diterpenoids and reviews the regulatory network between diterpene biosynthesis and environmental factors. Insights into diterpene metabolism can contribute to the elucidation of complex active diterpene pathways and serve as a knowledge repository for metabolic engineering and cell factory construction.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF NATURAL MEDICINES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Traore S. Ibrahim, Purevdulam Khongorzul, Moses Muyaba, Raphael N. Alolga
Summary: This article mainly introduces the Annonaceae family, which is credited with numerous pharmacological functions, including the ent-kaurane diterpenoids. The ent-kauranes are a group of 20-Carbon, tetracyclic diterpenoids that are widely distributed in the Annonaceae family as well as other plant families. This mini-review discusses the various biological activities of the ent-kaurane diterpenoids isolated from the Annonaceae family and highlights the existing research gaps for further scientific scrutiny.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuru Tong, Yunfeng F. Luo, Wei Gao
Summary: Paclitaxel, a tricyclic diterpenoid isolated from the bark of Taxus brevifolia, is one of the most effective natural anticancer drugs. Due to its extremely low content in yew trees, alternative sources are needed to meet clinical demands. Utilizing synthetic biology methods to express paclitaxel-related genes in microbial hosts could be a promising solution.
PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mei Tian, Baolong Jin, Lingli Chen, Rui Ma, Qing Ma, Xiaolin Li, Tong Chen, Juan Guo, Hui Ge, Xin Zhao, Changjiangsheng Lai, Jinfu Tang, Guanghong Cui, Luqi Huang
Summary: This study investigated the diterpene synthases and their biosynthesis pathways in Aconitum genus using RNA sequencing and Iso-sequencing technologies. The results revealed the presence of different diterpene synthases in four additional Aconitum species, which have significant impact on the medicinal and toxic components of the species. These findings establish a foundation for further exploration of alkaloid biosynthetic pathways in Aconitum.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yingting Zhang, Jiebing Cui, Hailiang Hu, Jinyu Xue, Junjie Yang, Jin Xu
Summary: This study analyzed the differences in terpenoid regulatory mechanisms in two different Chinese cedar phenotypes using integrated metabolome analysis, transcriptome, small-RNA, and degradome sequencing. The results revealed a miRNA-target regulatory network involved in terpenoid metabolism, which may be related to different phenotypes and differential regulation of diterpenoid biosynthesis. This provides valuable insights for essential oil-related bioengineering research.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuwei Sun, Jie Shao, Haili Liu, Hua Wang, Guangyi Wang, Jianhua Li, Yaping Mao, Zhuo Chen, Ke Ma, Lin Xu, Yong Wang
Summary: This study reported a chromosome-level genome assembly of I. rubescens and discovered a cluster of tandem-duplicated CYP706V oxygenase-encoding genes that are widely distributed in eudicots and almost exclusively emerged in Isodon plants. These findings provide new insights into the evolution of the diterpenoid pathway and have important implications for improving the production of bioactive ent-kaurene-type diterpenoids.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yue Tan, Yan-Duo Wang, Qi Li, Xiao-Ke Xing, Shu-Bin Niu, Bing-Da Sun, Lin Chen, Rui-Le Pan, Gang Ding
Summary: Ten diphenyl ethers, including nine undescribed analogs, were isolated from the desert plant endophytic fungus Phoma betae. The structures of these compounds, named betaethrins A-I, were determined using NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and X-ray diffraction experiments. It was found that the B-ring had a shielding effect on H-6 in certain analogs, leading to differences in the 1H-NMR chemical shift values. These compounds exhibited strong antioxidant activities and moderate cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines. The study highlights the importance of exploring endophytic fungi from unique environments for the discovery of bioactive metabolites.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Sriman De, Eti Mahal, Md Ashraful Haque, Chandan K. Jana, Debasis Koley
Summary: Mechanistic studies of regiodivergent arylations of cycloalkanols to furnish enantioenriched dysideanone analogues were conducted using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The findings suggest that remote gamma'-C-H arylation is preferred for unsubstituted carbinol, while regioselective gamma-arylation is favored in the presence of a dimethyl substituent.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Andrew Muchlinski, Meirong Jia, Kira Tiedge, Jason S. Fell, Kyle A. Pelot, Lisl Chew, Danielle Davisson, Yuxuan Chen, Justin Siegel, John T. Lovell, Philipp Zerbe
Summary: This study reports the discovery of five cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in switchgrass, forming previously unknown furanoditerpenoids. Combinatorial pathway reconstruction showed that these enzymes catalyze furan ring addition directly. Transcriptional co-expression patterns and the presence of specific diterpenoids in roots support the occurrence of P450-derived furanoditerpenoids in planta.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Hisashi Kato-Noguchi
Summary: Labdane-related diterpenoids momilactones A and B were initially isolated from rice husks in 1973 and later found in various parts of rice plants as well as other Poaceae species and the moss species Calohypnum plumiforme. Momilactones play pivotal roles in rice by suppressing the growth of fungal pathogens and inhibiting the growth of neighboring competitive plants. Furthermore, they possess pharmacological functions such as anti-leukemia and anti-diabetic activities. This article highlights the functions, biosynthesis, induction, and occurrence of momilactones in different plant species.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min Jiang, Ning Yu, Yingxin Zhang, Lin Liu, Zhi Li, Chen Wang, Shihua Cheng, Liyong Cao, Qunen Liu
Summary: Lesion mimic mutants (LMMs) are ideal materials for studying cell death and resistance mechanisms. In this study, a novel rice LMM, g380, was identified and characterized. The g380 mutant showed a spontaneous hypersensitive response-like cell death phenotype, increased ROS accumulation, upregulated expression of pathogenesis-related genes, and enhanced resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). The study also revealed a 184,916 bp deletion on chromosome 2 in g380 that overlaps with the diterpenoid biosynthetic gene cluster, resulting in decreased diterpenoid content and increased lignin accumulation. RNA-seq analysis identified 590 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEG) between g380 and wild-type 9311, with 585 genes upregulated in g380. Upregulated genes in g380 were mainly enriched in the monolignol biosynthesis branches, the plant-pathogen interaction pathway, and the phytoalexin-specialized diterpenoid biosynthesis pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Lina Mei, Youjin Yan, Zhengchun Li, Jiaxin Ran, Luonan Shen, Rongju Wu, Qiandong Hou, Tianjiao Shen, Xiaopeng Wen, Zhangqi Yang, Yuanheng Feng
Summary: This study used transcriptome technologies to uncover the mechanism of diterpenoid biosynthesis in high oleoresin-yield Masson pine and identified key genes associated with resin production. The expression of 13 genes was found to be higher in trees with higher oleoresin yield compared to lower yield trees; several genes in the MEP pathway played crucial roles in resin synthesis.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Yumeng Wu, Xuanxuan Du, Xianyang Wang, Hainan Liu, Luning Zho, Yu Tang, Dehai Li
Summary: The asymmetric synthesis of marine meroterpenoid dactyloquinone A was achieved for the first time. A bio-inspired reaction was used to construct the key intermediate, a 6/6/6/6 tetracyclic core derivative, which facilitated the migration of methyl groups from the aureane skeleton to the avarane skeleton. This study lays the groundwork for further synthetic exploration of this family of natural products.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Organic
Jiaxin Xie, Guangbin Dong
Summary: Cyclopropylcarbinyl cations are an important class of non-classical carbocationic intermediates. Despite their delocalized cationic character and facile interconversion with homoallyl cations, cyclopropylcarbinyl cations can be harnessed as key intermediates in many synthetically useful transformations. This review primarily focuses on the key applications of cyclopropylcarbinyl cation chemistry in cyclopropane formation and skeletal rearrangement in complex molecule synthesis.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2023)
