Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Jesus Alvarez-Cubero, Elena Arance, Esperanza de Santiago, Pilar Sanchez, Maria Rosario Sepulveda, Raquel Marrero, Jose Antonio Lorente, Jose Maria Gonzalez-Cabezuelo, Sergio Cuenca-Lopez, Jose Manuel Cozar, Fernando Vazquez-Alonso, Luis Javier Martinez-Gonzalez
Summary: In this study, the role of aggressiveness genetic markers for prostate cancer (PC) stratification was investigated. Three novel non-invasive biomarkers (PCA3, S100A4, and MRC2) with increased expression in patients were identified. The combination of S100A4, MRC2, and PCA3 showed improved discriminatory power between patients and controls and between different stages of aggressiveness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Nagjie Alijaj, Blaz Pavlovic, Paul Martel, Arnas Rakauskas, Valerie Cesson, Karim Saba, Thomas Hermanns, Pascal Oechslin, Markus Veit, Maurizio Provenzano, Jan H. Rueschoff, Muriel D. Brada, Niels J. Rupp, Cedric Poyet, Laurent Derre, Massimo Valerio, Irina Banzola, Daniel Eberli
Summary: The study found that an upfront urine test based on quantitative biomarkers and patient age has higher performance compared to traditional PSA screening, offering a feasible method to improve the eligibility criteria for prostate biopsy and reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jasmine J. Wang, Na Sun, Yi-Te Lee, Minhyung Kim, Tatyana Vagner, Krizia Rohena-Rivera, Zhili Wang, Zijing Chen, Ryan Y. Zhang, Junseok Lee, Ceng Zhang, Hubert Tang, Josephine Widjaja, Tiffany X. Zhang, Dongping Qi, Pai-Chi Teng, Yu Jen Jan, Kuan-Chu Hou, Candace Hamann, Howard M. Sandler, Timothy J. Daskivich, Daniel J. Luthringer, Neil A. Bhowmick, Renjun Pei, Sungyong You, Dolores Di Vizio, Hsian-Rong Tseng, Jie-Fu Chen, Yazhen Zhu, Edwin M. Posadas
Summary: Optimizing outcomes in prostate cancer (PCa) requires the development of a sensitive PCa extracellular vesicle (EV) Digital Scoring Assay (DSA) for noninvasive detection of metastasis and monitoring of disease progression. The PCa EV DSA, consisting of an EV purification device (EV Click Chip) and reverse-transcription droplet digital PCR, showed superior performance in purifying PCa-derived EVs and distinguishing metastatic PCa from localized PCa. Longitudinal analysis further demonstrated that the dynamic Met scores reflected clinical behavior even when disease was undetectable by imaging. This assay complements current imaging tools and blood-based tests to improve care for PCa patients.
Review
Cell Biology
Zhengfan Gao, Bairen Pang, Jing Li, Na Gao, Tianli Fan, Yong Li
Summary: Prostate cancer is the most common solid tumor in men, with different prognostic outcomes for local versus metastatic cases. Traditional diagnostic methods rely on tissue biopsy and PSA tests, but liquid biopsy using exosomal proteins and miRNAs show promise in tracking PCa progression and metastasis. These biomarkers could provide more comprehensive information and guide treatment options at all stages of PCa.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Sotirios P. Fortis, Maria Goulielmaki, Nicolas Aubert, Panagiota Batsaki, Sotirios Ouzounis, Dionisis Cavouras, Gilles Marodon, Savvas Stokidis, Angelos D. Gritzapis, Constantin N. Baxevanis
Summary: In this study, gene expression analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of radiotherapy on prostate cancer patients. Six genes were found to be down-regulated post-radiotherapy, and the signature consisting of these genes was associated with prognosis, suggesting its potential predictive value.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Garima Jain, Parimal Das, Prashant Ranjan, Ferran Neha, Ferran Valderrama, Clara Cieza-Borrella
Summary: Prostate cancer is the second most common male cancer worldwide, with the highest incidence rates in Western Europe. However, the current gold standard for PCa diagnosis, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, is not considered reliable due to its lower sensitivity and poor predictive score. Therefore, there is a need to identify and validate new PCa biomarkers that can provide accurate diagnosis and prognosis. Researchers have explored various biomarkers such as miRNAs, mRNAs, small proteins, genomic rearrangements, and gene expression in body fluids and non-solid tissues. Although miRNAs in body fluids initially sparked interest, their potential as liquid biopsy biomarkers in PCa is still in its early stages compared to other established tools. In this review, the focus is on the analysis of urinary extracellular vesicles (EVs) for the identification of miRNA-based PCa-specific biomarkers.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Gang Chen, Guojin Jia, Fan Chao, Feng Xie, Yue Zhang, Chuansheng Hou, Yong Huang, Haoran Tang, Jianjun Yu, Jihong Zhang, Shidong Jia, Guoxiong Xu
Summary: This study evaluated circulating tumor DNA as biomarkers for prostate cancer and found that ctDNA in blood and urine can be used for PCa detection, and the combination of these markers may increase the sensitivity and specificity of detection.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Martina Catalano, Daniele Generali, Marta Gatti, Barbara Riboli, Leda Paganini, Gabriella Nesi, Giandomenico Roviello
Summary: Deleterious aberrations in DNA repair genes are actionable in approximately 25% of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers (mCRPC) patients. Homology recombination repair (HRR) is frequently altered in prostate cancer, particularly BRCA2 gene. Poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors have shown antitumor activity and improved overall survival in mCRPC patients with somatic and/or germline alterations of HHR. However, the clinical use of liquid biopsy in prostate cancer compared to blood and tissue testing is currently very limited.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Daniel J. Gironda, Raymond C. Bergan, R. Katherine Alpaugh, Daniel C. Danila, Tuan L. Chuang, Brenda Y. Hurtado, Thai Ho, Daniel L. Adams
Summary: Despite advancements in detection and treatment, high mortality rates and overtreatment of indolent prostate cancer (PCa) remain issues. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is limited in differentiating disease subtypes, leading to overtreatment of non-aggressive disease. Cancer-associated macrophage-like cells (CAMLs) found in PCa patients' blood may complement PSA in stratifying patients and guiding treatment strategies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hao Zhang, Gui-Yuan Zhang, Wei-Chao Su, Ya-Ting Chen, Yu-Feng Liu, Dong Wei, Yan-Xi Zhang, Qiu-Yi Tang, Yu-Xiang Liu, Shi-Zhi Wang, Wen-Chao Li, Anke Wesselius, Maurice P. Zeegers, Zi-Yu Zhang, Yan-Hong Gu, W. Andy Tao, Evan Yi-Wen Yu
Summary: This study demonstrates a translational workflow to identify EV proteins as molecular markers for improved clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer. By isolating urinary EVs and conducting mass spectrometry analysis, 18 EV proteins associated with prostate cancer were identified, and 3 of them were consistently upregulated. In addition, it was found that 6 of these EV proteins have been developed as drug targets, and protein-protein interactions were observed. Furthermore, the potential mechanistic pathways of these EV proteins were enriched in metabolic, immune, and inflammatory activities. Classification assessment showed that some of these EV proteins, along with age, prostate size, body mass index, and prostate-specific antigen, add predictable value in the clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Review
Oncology
Cecile Manceau, Gaelle Fromont, Jean-Baptiste Beauval, Eric Barret, Laurent Brureau, Gilles Crehange, Charles Dariane, Gaelle Fiard, Mathieu Gauthe, Romain Mathieu, Raphaele Renard-Penna, Guilhem Roubaud, Alain Ruffion, Paul Sargos, Morgan Roupret, Guillaume Ploussard
Summary: Biomarkers have the potential to improve classification and monitoring in active surveillance for prostate cancer, allowing for more personalized prognostic assessments. While no single biomarker should dictate treatment decisions, they can each contribute as a piece of the puzzle in important decision-making processes. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of biomarkers in monitoring patient outcomes during active surveillance.
Review
Oncology
Ciara S. McNevin, Karen Cadoo, Anne-Marie Baird, Pierre Murchan, Orla Sheils, Ray McDermott, Stephen Finn
Summary: Studies have shown that prostate cancer patients with BRCA2/BRCA1 genetic aberrations are more likely to have worse disease and prognosis. BRCA2 mutation confers the highest risk for prostate cancer in men (8.6 fold in men & LE;65 years). While BRCA genes have garnered significant research attention, their role in the clinical assessment and treatment of prostate cancer remains complex.
Article
Oncology
Jonathan Li, Dattatraya Patil, Martin G. Sanda, Christopher P. Filson
Summary: This study characterized population-level cancer-specific outcomes for prostate cancer patients based on the use of prebiopsy prostate MRI. The results showed that prebiopsy MRI can marginally increase the detection of significant cancer on biopsy and increase the likelihood of receiving a prostatectomy. However, the use of prebiopsy MRI was not associated with a greater likelihood of accurate risk classification or grade concordance between biopsy and final pathology results for those treated with prostatectomy.
UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY-SEMINARS AND ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Jing Li, Na Gao, Zhengfan Gao, Wei Liu, Bairen Pang, Xingli Dong, Yong Li, Tianli Fan
Summary: Exosomes play critical roles in promoting chemoresistance in cancer through various mechanisms. Due to their stability, specificity, and sensitivity, exosomes can serve as biomarkers in liquid biopsies to monitor the current status and progression of cancer chemoresistance.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
A. A. Hamid, H-C Huang, V Wang, Y-H Chen, F. Feng, R. Den, G. Attard, E. M. Van Allen, P. T. Tran, D. E. Spratt, R. Dittamore, E. Davicioni, G. Liu, R. DiPaola, M. A. Carducci, C. J. Sweeney
Summary: The study demonstrates the utility of transcriptomic subtyping for prognostication and potential selection of patients for chemohormonal therapy in mHSPC, and provides proof of concept for biomarker-guided selection of established combination therapies in mHSPC.
ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
(2021)
