Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lisa M. Calhoun, Anastasia Mirzoyants, Sylvia Thuku, Lenka Benova, Therese Delvaux, Thomas van den Akker, Courtney McGuire, Bernard Onyango, Ilene S. Speizer
Summary: This study explores the relationship between the perception of peers' use of contraceptives and contraceptive use and method choice among young men and women in Kenya. The results show that young men and women who perceive that their peers use contraceptives are more likely to use condoms and other modern contraceptive methods.
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nandita Kapadia-Kundu, Habtamu Tamene, Minyahil Ayele, Feleke Dana, Simon Heliso, Sanjanthi Velu, Tsega Berhanu, Guda Alemayehu, Lindsey Leslie, Michelle Kaufman
Summary: This study conducted a reproductive health study in Ethiopia using mixed quantitative and qualitative methods. The study identified gender inequitable norms as a major barrier to contraceptive use, and found gender differences in couple communication and decision making. The study recommends using a gender lens to study couple communication and decision making to promote the adoption of modern family planning methods in Ethiopia.
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Samrawit Mihret Fetene, Tsegaye Gebremedhin
Summary: Despite efforts by the government and partners to improve maternal and child health service utilization in Ethiopia, the implementation of postnatal care (PNC) services has been poor. Many studies have found that women with no education significantly underutilize PNC services.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2022)
Article
International Relations
Max Lesch
Summary: This article explains how violations impact international norms by examining the decisions made by international institutions in defining and developing norms. These decisions influence the formulation of formal and informal laws, leading to contested and ambiguous international norms. The article compares two institutions overseeing the international torture prohibition to illustrate the impact of norm applications and lawmaking efforts. It discusses how previous norm violations informed the definition of torture and how decisions on deviations from the norm led to the reaffirmation and specification of the absolute nature of the torture prohibition.
INTERNATIONAL STUDIES QUARTERLY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dickens Otieno Onyango, Katherine Tumlinson, Stephanie Chung, Brooke W. Bullington, Catherine Gakii, Leigh Senderowicz
Summary: The study explored the feasibility and impact of implementing social accountability intervention (CSC) in Kenya, finding that the involvement and support of communities and service providers are key factors in improving service quality, but some providers' entrenched behaviors are difficult to change, resulting in only minor improvements in quality.
Article
Anesthesiology
Maziar M. Nourian, Amany Alshibli, John Kamau, Susan Nabulindo, Dennis A. Amollo, Jennifer Connell, Svetlana K. Eden, Rahel Seyoum, Masresha G. Teklehaimanot, Gebrehiwot A. Tegu, Haftom B. Desta, Mark Newton, Bantayehu Sileshi
Summary: Lack of access to safe and affordable anesthesia and monitoring equipment may contribute to higher rates of morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Capnography use in LMICs is substantially lower compared with other standard anesthesia monitors. Capnography was used at higher rates in tertiary centres and with patients undergoing general anesthesia. While this study revealed decreased odds of intraoperative mortality with capnography use, further studies need to confirm these findings.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIA-JOURNAL CANADIEN D ANESTHESIE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Catherine Akoth, James Odhiambo Oguta, Samwel Maina Gatimu
Summary: This study found that approximately one in ten married women in Kenya use contraceptives covertly, with injectables and implants being the preferred methods. The research highlights a gap in partner involvement in family planning and calls for efforts to strengthen their participation to increase contraceptive use in Kenya.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maryse C. Kok, Tasneem Kakal, Abeje Berhanu Kassegne, Irwan M. Hidayana, Alister Munthali, J. Anitha Menon, Paulo Pires, Tabither Gitau, Anke van der Kwaak
Summary: Child marriage is driven by a lack of education, teenage pregnancy, economic constraints, and social acceptance in specific contexts. It is seen as an acceptable and possible practice due to intersecting factors including poverty, social norms, and girls' individual choices.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Cody D. Packard, P. Wesley Schultz
Summary: Personal and social norms have a significant impact on proenvironmental behavior, and their motivational properties have been widely discussed in previous research. However, less attention has been paid to the emotional experiences individuals have after conforming to or deviating from norms. This study suggests that emotions can serve as norm enforcement tools, rewarding conformity and punishing deviance. Future research is necessary to clarify how emotions facilitate and mediate the influence of norms on proenvironmental behavior.
Article
Nursing
Johanna Blomgren, Sara Gabrielsson, Kerstin Erlandsson, Miriam C. A. Wagoro, Mariam Namutebi, Eveles Chimala, Helena Lindgren
Summary: This study identifies and examines barriers to midwife-led care in Eastern Africa and suggests ways to reduce these barriers through qualitative research methods. The findings highlight barriers related to organizational structures, traditional hierarchies, gender disparities, and inadequate leadership. Intra- and multisectoral collaborations, inclusion of midwife leaders, and empowering midwives through role models can help overcome these barriers.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Meskerem Lechissa Debele, Tiruwork Tamiru Tolla, Bizu Kinfe Zekiros, Habtamnesh Abera Abegaz, Melkam Zewdu Ayalew
Summary: Research reveals multiple factors contributing to underage drinking, including a child's personality and contextual factors. Through focus group discussions and interviews, this study identifies nine underlying social and cultural norms that contribute to alcohol provision to minors. Results demonstrate a lack of awareness regarding the harms of alcohol and a perception of unproblematic drinking culture. Effective intervention and education programs are needed to address this knowledge gap and challenge harmful child-rearing practices.
Article
Social Work
Jeffrey W. Linkenbach, Phyllis L. Bengtson, Jaimie M. Brandon, Al J. Fredrickson, Jason R. Kilmer, Darren T. Lubbers, Jordan D. Ooms, Valerie S. Roche, Sara J. Thompson
Summary: The study demonstrated that the Positive Community Norms approach effectively corrected misperceptions of norms and reduced monthly alcohol use rates among high-school students, highlighting the importance of community-based interventions in addressing teen substance abuse.
CHILD AND ADOLESCENT SOCIAL WORK JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Abel Teshome, Mekitie Wondafrash, Biruck Gashawbeza, Balkachew Nigatu, Matiyas Asrat, Sarah D. Compton
Summary: The study found that couple counseling had a positive impact on women's adoption of modern contraception. Among women receiving abortion care, partner approval and a woman's belief in partner support were key factors in promoting contraception adoption.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Samuel Hailegebreal, Binyam Tariku Seboka, Mohammedjud Hassen Ahmed, Gizaw Hailiye Teferi, Zegaye Regasa, Beemnet Tekabe, Sewunet Sako, Girma Gilano
Summary: This study aimed to assess individual and community-level factors associated with contraceptive use in Ethiopia, finding that factors such as being married, having a job, living in urban areas, better wealth status, and TV exposure were more likely associated with modern contraceptive use among adolescent girls and young women. However, the prevalence of modern contraceptive use remained low, highlighting the need for further interventions in educational engagement, access to health services, and economic empowerment for improvements.
ARCHIVES OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kelsey Holt, Ewenat Gebrehanna, Shashi Sarnaik, Lakhwani Kanchan, Reiley Reed, Aman Yesuf, Bella Vasant Uttekar
Summary: The researchers adapted the Quality of Contraceptive Counseling (QCC) scale from Mexico for Ethiopia and India, modifying items based on prior research and conducting cognitive interviews. They tested the adapted scales through client exit surveys and found that they were valid and reliable. The QCC scales and subscales fill a gap in measurement tools for ensuring high quality of care and fulfillment of human rights in contraceptive services.
Article
Sociology
Amanda Keddie, Doris Bartel
Summary: Discussing masculinity with young men is challenging work, as gender transformative programs need to address issues such as heterosexism, homophobia, and masculine entitlement. This paper draws on interview data to explore new approaches to gender justice, highlighting the importance of emotional intensity in engaging young men in gender transformative work. The paper offers a framework to support facilitators and participants in critically engaging with these emotional intensities.
MEN AND MASCULINITIES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Christine Bourey, Rob Stephenson, Doris Bartel, Marcie Rubardt
GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH
(2012)
Article
Pediatrics
DA Bartel, AJ Engler, JE Natale, V Misra, AB Lewin, JG Joseph
ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE
(2000)
