Article
Environmental Sciences
Lourenco Sassetti Mendes, Javier L. Lara, Maria Teresa Viseu
Summary: Spillway design is crucial for the effective and safe operation of dams, and advancements in computational fluid dynamics have provided engineers with numerical tools to aid in this process. In a study comparing the two-phase volume-of-fluid model with the complete two-phase Euler model, the latter demonstrated the most accurate results and mesh convergence in lower-nappe aeration.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Shicheng Li, James Yang, Wei Liu
Summary: This study establishes an embedded multi-gene genetic programming model for improved prediction of air demand in a spillway aerator. Satisfactory predictions are achieved using experimental data, with the model enhancing fitness and reducing errors compared to traditional formula.
JOURNAL OF HYDROINFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gen Li, Yuzuru Kanda, Seung Youn Hong, Alexander T. Radosevich
Summary: An organophosphorus-catalyzed C-N bond-forming reductive coupling of nitroalkanes with arylboronic acids and esters has been reported. The method exhibits excellent chemoselectivity for the nitro/boronic acid substrate pair, facilitating the synthesis of functionally-rich N-(hetero)arylamines. The identification of a sterically reduced phosphetane catalyst enables the productive coupling in the P(III)/P(V)=O redox manifold, by affecting post-rate-limiting steps and avoiding deleterious side-paths.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Raffaella Pellegrino, Miguel a. Toledo
Summary: Based on experimental laboratory work, the location, size, and shape of the erosion basin are analyzed, and a procedure is given for its characterization according to the design of the sky-jump spillway.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Mehrdad Ghorbani Mooselu, Mohammad Reza Nikoo, Parnian Hashempour Bakhtiari, Nooshin Bakhtiari Rayani, Azizallah Izady
Summary: The study proposed a risk-based optimization framework for a stepped spillway design, utilizing a Multilayer Perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN) and NSGA-II. It aimed to minimize the loss in hydraulic performance and construction cost by reducing the risk of malfunctions and achieving compromise on conflicting objectives using the non-cooperative graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR). The approach was successfully applied in the Jarreh Dam, Iran, resulting in a practical design scenario that satisfied stakeholders' priorities.
APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Hayato Fujimoto, Shisato Yamamura, Momoka Kusano, Mamoru Tobisu
Summary: We presented the phosphine-catalyzed 1,2-diacylation of alkynes using acyl fluorides and acylsilanes as acyl sources. The reaction relies on a formal oxidative addition-ligand metathesis-reductive elimination cycle based on phosphine redox catalysis, enabling the selective introduction of two different acyl groups into alkynes.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hun Sik Han, Young In Kim, Youngmin Bae, Sang Ji Kim
Summary: A comprehensive numerical study was conducted for the thermal-hydraulic performance and minimum orifice length of a once-through steam generator, showing that constant thermal power can be maintained by adjusting the secondary coolant flow rate at high power levels.
HEAT TRANSFER ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hayato Fujimoto, Momoka Kusano, Takuya Kodama, Mamoru Tobisu
Summary: The phosphine-catalyzed hydrovinylation reaction involves a three-component coupling of acyl fluorides, silyl enol ethers, and alkynoates. The success of the reaction is attributed to the formal transmetalation between pentacoordinate P(V) species and a silyl enol ether, enabling C-C bond formation between polarity-mismatched sites. This bond formation, not achievable by transition metal catalysis, is achieved through a P(III)/P(V) manifold.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jinlong Qian, Lijin Zhou, Rouxuan Peng, Xiaofeng Tong
Summary: This study presents a phosphine-catalyzed (3+2) annulation reaction with the assistance of AgF. The introduction of AgF allows for the metathesis between enolate-phosphonium zwitterion and the formation of a novel intermediate containing silver enolate and fluorophosphorane P(V) moiety. This reaction offers potential for the development of asymmetric variants by utilizing the silver enolate moiety.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hisham Elmouazen, Xiaobing Zhang, Mohammednour Gibreel, Mozdalifah Ali
Summary: To enhance the cooling capacity of liquid rocket engines, researchers proposed a V-shape rib structure and found through numerical simulations that it enhances convection heat transfer and improves thermo-hydraulic performance. Among the different V-shape ribs tested, the one with a 30-degree angle and 10 mm pitch showed the best cooling capacity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jeffrey M. Lipshultz, Alexander T. Radosevich
Summary: This study reports an organophosphorus catalyzed method for the three-component condensation to generate 2-amidopyridines via serial dehydration, enabling new possibilities for the efficient and modular preparation of medicinal targets. The phosphetane catalyst can drive both amide synthesis and functionalization in an auto-tandem catalytic cascade, showing chemoselectivity.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ali Foroudi, Reza Barati
Summary: The study examined changes in the cavitation index caused by different convergence angles of an ogee spillway's sidewalls. Results showed that as flow rate increased, the cavitation index decreased at the crest and chute of the spillway but increased at the toe.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yue Xia, Minghuan Ge, Ling Xia, Guang Shan, Huijun Qian
Summary: This study reveals that the aberrant expression of cathepsin V (CTSV) is associated with a poor outcome in bladder cancer patients. CTSV enhances the inflammatory reaction, thereby promoting the development of bladder cancer. Overexpression of CTSV increases the proliferation and viability of bladder cancer cells, while deletion of CTSV significantly inhibits their proliferation and viability. Furthermore, overexpression of CTSV activates the inflammatory signaling pathway, which can be restored by introducing an NF-kappa B inhibitor.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Siqi Sun, Huiping Zeng, He Xu, Weihua Zhao, Wei Qi, Ruixia Hao, Jie Zhang, Dong Li
Summary: Assessing the competition between arsenate (As(V)) and phosphate (P(V)) adsorption is important for water due to their coexistence. This paper studied the competitive adsorption of As(V) and P(V) on magnetic iron-based alginate-chitosan beads using beaker experiments and XRD and FTIR techniques for characterization. In the single system, both As(V) and P(V) adsorbed onto M-IACBs according to the Langmuir model, with maximum adsorption capacities of 14.2 +/- 0.4 mg g (-1) and 18.5 +/- 0.4 mg g (-1), respectively. In the binary system, the competitive adsorption of As(V) and P(V) was well evaluated by the extended Freundlich and pseudo-second-order models. When loaded simultaneously, As(V) adsorption was more significant than that of P(V) (2.72 mg g (-1) vs. 1.71 mg g (-1)). The desorption of P(V) was favored over As(V) during sequential loading, and the adsorption of P(V) was more influenced by pH compared to As(V). The study also investigated changes in arsenic species under anoxic aqueous solutions and oxygen-enriched air. In aqueous solutions, As(V) was reduced to the more toxic and mobile As(III) by Fe(II), and As(III) exhibited desorption-readsorption behavior. In oxygen-enriched air, As(V) underwent electron transfer with Fe(II) and O-2, resulting in the appearance of As(III), which could also be oxidized back to As(V). This study provides an objective and critical evaluation of using Fe-based adsorbents for As(V) removal, offering novel insights for designing such adsorbents.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ahmed M. Shawky, Ashraf N. Abdalla, Nashwa A. Ibrahim, Mohammed A. S. Abourehab, Ahmed M. Gouda
Summary: Newly synthesized compounds showed cytotoxic activities against various cancer cell lines, with compound 31c demonstrating potential in reversing multidrug resistance by inhibiting P-glycoprotein. This compound also induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells, with molecular docking analysis revealing its high binding affinity to P-gp.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Maryam Bagheri, Seyed M. Ali Zomorodian, Masih Zolghadr, H. Md Azamathulla, C. Venkata Siva Rama Prasad
Summary: The study investigated flow separation at the upstream side of lateral turnouts, proposing methods to reduce the separation zone dimensions through the use of roughening elements and different bed level inverts. Experimental results and a 3-D CFD model confirmed the effectiveness of these methods in reducing the separation zone.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Parveen Sihag, Balraj Singh, Md Azlin Bin Md Said, H. Md Azamathulla
Summary: The study revealed that the pruned M5P approach outperformed other methods in predicting the coefficient of Manning's roughness for hydraulic designing, with high correlation coefficients and low errors.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ajmal Hussain, Muhammad Mustafa, Hazi Mohammad Azamathullah, M. R. Sadique
Summary: Hydraulic transients result from rapid flow changes in pressurized systems, causing pressure surges in pipelines. It is important to provide water hammer protection devices to prevent excessive pressures that may lead to bursts or cavitation.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Kiyoumars Roushangar, Saman Shahnazi, Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla
Summary: In this study, the modeling capability of bed load sediment transport under varied hydraulic conditions was investigated using Grey Wolf Optimization based Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (GWO-KELM) and Standard Gradient Descent based Gaussian Process Regression (SGD-GPR) models. The proposed hybrid GWO-KELM model demonstrated consistent performance under different hydraulic conditions.
FLOW MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Masih Zolghadr, Mohamad R. Rafiee, Fatemeh Esmaeilmanesh, Abazar Fathi, Ravi Prakash Tripathi, Upaka Rathnayake, Sreedhar Rao Gunakala, Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla
Summary: This study aims to present a new method to calculate Time of Concentration (TC) and compare its accuracy with 31 empirical methods. The results show that hydraulic simulation is an efficient method to determine TC, and three empirical methods also have low errors, which can be recommended for the studied area and areas with similar hydrological characteristics.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kiyoumars Roushangar, Roghayeh Ghasempour, Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla
Summary: In this research, a finite difference scheme developed by Richtmeyer is presented for simulating 1D steady/unsteady flow and bed morphology in alluvial channels. Laboratory experiments were conducted to validate the proposed model. The role of sediment transport formulas, coupled uncoupled approaches, and simplification in the mass continuity equation are investigated for improving the simulation. The study also highlights the importance of changing alluvial roughness and the application of a genetic algorithm in optimizing roughness coefficients.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Madhawa Herath, Tharaka Jayathilaka, Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla, Vishwanadham Mandala, Namal Rathnayake, Upaka Rathnayake
Summary: Wetlands are vital ecosystems that provide various benefits, but they are also highly endangered due to human activities and climate change. This study in Sri Lanka focused on understanding the key meteorological parameters affecting the water depth of the Colombo flood detention basin. The findings revealed that rainfall was the most significant parameter, along with interesting combinations of parameters like rainfall-nighttime relative humidity, rainfall-evaporation, daytime relative humidity-evaporation, and rainfall-nighttime relative humidity-evaporation, which impacted water level fluctuations.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Masih Zolghadr, Seyed Mohammad Ali Zomorodian, Abazar Fathi, Ravi Prakash Tripathi, Neda Jafari, Darshan Mehta, Parveen Sihag, Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla
Summary: This study investigates the use of roughening elements as devices to intercept the downflow that triggers local scour around bridge abutments. Different widths of abutments were examined under varying hydraulic conditions in a clear-water regime. The results show that roughening elements with thickness and protrusion of P = t = 0.2 L provide the most effective protection.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Vijendra Kumar, Hazi Md. Azamathulla, Kul Vaibhav Sharma, Darshan J. Mehta, Kiran Tota Maharaj
Summary: Floods are a devastating natural calamity, and accurate flood forecasts and control are essential to safeguard populations. Deep learning has emerged as a potent tool for improving flood prediction and control by utilizing its capacity to handle massive amounts of data and provide accurate forecasts. This review thoroughly examines the current state of deep learning applications in flood forecasting and management, discusses various aspects including data sources, models, and assessment measures, and highlights challenges and potential directions for future research. It is a valuable resource for academics and professionals working on flood forecasting and management.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kushan D. Siriwardhana, Dimantha I. Jayaneththi, Ruchiru D. Herath, Randika K. Makumbura, Hemantha Jayasinghe, Miyuru B. Gunathilake, Hazi Md. Azamathulla, Kiran Tota-Maharaj, Upaka Rathnayake
Summary: The water supply system is crucial in the community, but the quality of water sources is deteriorating due to human activities. The Kalu River is a major water resource in Sri Lanka, but there hasn't been enough research on anthropogenic activities in the river. This study analyzes the spatiotemporal variation of the water quality in the Kalu River, emphasizing the importance of continuous water quality monitoring.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Asma Rabiei, Jahanshir Mohammadzadeh-Habili, Aaron Anil Chadee, Seyed Mohammadali Zomorodian, Mohammad Jameel, Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla
Summary: The hydraulic jump stilling basin is commonly used for dissipating energy from supercritical flow. A mathematical relationship between the sequent flow depth ratio of a hydraulic jump and the inflow Froude number and relative length of the basin front was derived through dimensional analysis. The proposed structure stabilized the hydraulic jump and improved energy dissipation performance. Experimental and numerical simulations showed the formation of large recirculation regions, leading to intense energy dissipation in the right-triangle basin.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lee P. Leon, Karishma Roopnarine, Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla, Aaron Anil Chadee, Upaka Rathnayake
Summary: Recent research has been primarily focused on the introduction, development, and evaluation of performance-based specifications for asphalt concrete mixture design. In the Caribbean, most laboratories solely use the Volumetric Marshall Mix design methodology, which has been criticized for its limitations. Performance-Based Mix Design (PBMD) has emerged as an alternative approach that incorporates performance testing alongside volumetric parameters. This study presents the findings of comprehensive laboratory research aimed at developing a PBMD framework for asphalt concrete mixtures.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sajani Gamage, Sandini Palitha, D. P. P. Meddage, Shayani Mendis, Hazi Md Azamathulla, Upaka Rathnayake
Summary: This study investigated the strength and durability characteristics of Interlocking Paving Blocks (IPB) in the presence of waste materials, crumb rubber (CR) and coconut coir fibers (CCF). The findings showed that CCF can increase compressive and split tensile strength, while CR-based IPBs exhibited improved skid resistance. This research highlights the importance of incorporating waste materials in the IPB industry.
Article
Water Resources
Jayanga T. Samarasinghe, Vindhya Basnayaka, Miyuru B. Gunathilake, Hazi M. Azamathulla, Upaka Rathnayake
Summary: The application of numerical models in understanding flood behavior is common, but selecting the right hydraulic model is crucial for reliable predictions. 1D models have been replaced by 2D or combined 1D/2D models, with HEC-RAS being widely used. However, there is limited comparison research in the literature. This study used a case study of the Kelani River basin to find that the combined 1D/2D HEC-RAS model outperforms others in predicting flow and inundation.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Pasindu Meddage, Imesh Ekanayake, Udara Sachinthana Perera, Hazi Md Azamathulla, Md Azlin Md Said, Upaka Rathnayake
Summary: This study used tree-based regression models to predict wind pressure coefficients of gable-roofed buildings and explained the predictions using SHAP. The results show that the tree-based models are both efficient and accurate in predicting wind pressure coefficients.
