Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tsung-Mao Yang, Jia-Tong Lai, Wen-Hsiang Li, Cheng-Hsiung Peng, Jin-Shuh Li, Kai-Tai Lu
Summary: In this study, the morphology of synthesized DBX-1 was improved by using dextrin as a crystal shape modifier, resulting in smaller spherical particles. The experiment results showed that the spherical DBX-1 had good chemical stability and lower sensitivity compared to the flaky DBX-1 and LA.
PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Chunpei Yu, Bonan Gu, Jiaxin Wang, Junhong Chen, Wenchao Zhang, Wei Shi, Xiaoting Lei, Junwu Zhu
Summary: This study successfully synthesized Cu(I) 5-nitrotetrazolate and Cu(II) 5-nitrotetrazolate films by room-temperature anodization, demonstrating their remarkable energy output and ignition performance. Cu(I) 5-nitrotetrazolate exhibited superior thermal stability and electrostatic safety.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xuwen Liu, Yan Hu, Caimin Yang, Jiaxin Su, Yinghua Ye, Ruiqi Shen
Summary: Chitosan (CTS) is an adsorbent that can absorb copper ions, and the carbon skeleton formed by the pyrolysis of CTS has excellent electrical conductivity, which improves the electrostatic safety of copper azide (CA). In this study, CTS was used to adsorb and flocculate copper ions in wastewater to form a CTS-Cu complex, which was then calcined to form a porous carbon matrix and embedded with copper nanoparticles, creating a Cu@carbonized chitosan (CCTS) precursor material. The resulting CA@CCTS is a novel lead-free primary explosive with good electrostatic safety and a high proportion of CA.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Evgeny Goreshnik
Summary: The electrochemical alternating current synthesis from ethanol solution of CuSO4•5H2O and allylamine in the presence of solid sodium azide results in the formation of Cu[C3H5NH2]N-3. The coordination environment involves bridging of both allylamine and azide, leading to a complex 3-D network structure. A similar reaction starting from methanol solution of Cu(BF4)2•6H2O with solid potassium cyanate results in Cu[C3H5NH2]NCO, where the cyanate-anion is bound to copper through nitrogen. The elongation of coordinated C=C bond and shift of spectral modes confirm effective bonding in both derivatives.
JOURNAL OF COORDINATION CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
T. Moritz Weber, Joerg Pietruszka
Summary: Copper-catalyzed alkyne azide click chemistry (CuAAC) is important for drug development and biological materials labeling. A new tridentate Cu-ligand called TDETA was synthesized as a scalable and non-toxic alternative to HN3 and the previously used DTEA ligand. TDETA showed excellent solubility in organic solvents and aqueous solutions, outcompeted commercial ligands THPTA and TBTA for various azide and alkyne combinations using Cu(I) and Cu(II) species, and had a 80% recovery yield.
SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Liuyang He, Lixin Lv, Suresh C. Pillai, Hailong Wang, Jianming Xue, Yongfei Ma, Yanli Liu, Yulin Chen, Li Wu, Zulin Zhang, Lie Yang
Summary: Iron/copper bimetallic nanoparticles based sludge biochar (Fe/Cu-SBC) was successfully prepared and applied for the activation of periodate to degrade diclofenac sodium. The catalytic efficiency of Fe/Cu-SBC system was improved under optimized conditions, showing great potential for the degradation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in wastewater.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ivy L. Librando, Abdallah G. Mahmoud, Sonia A. C. Carabineiro, M. Fatima C. Guedes da Silva, Carlos F. G. C. Geraldes, Armando J. L. Pombeiro
Summary: Three hydrophilic PTA ammonium salts were synthesized through N-alkylation and used to prepare a new set of water-soluble copper(I) complexes, which showed high catalytic activity in one-pot azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions. The most active catalysts were immobilized on activated carbon and carbon nanotubes, displaying efficient catalytic performance and recyclability.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jiaxin Yu, Wei Qiu, Xinchen Lin, Yishi Wang, Xiaohui Lu, Yongbo Yu, Haiteng Gu, Song Heng, Haochen Zhang, Jun Ma
Summary: The limited catalytic efficiency, metal leaching, and stability decrease during catalyst reuse are obstacles for the use of heterogeneous catalysis in water treatment. The mechanism of the NaIO4-based advanced oxidation process using MgMn2O4 spinel as a catalyst was investigated in this study. The results showed that MgMn2O4 effectively activated NaIO4 to remove bisphenol A (BPA) without generating toxic iodine species. The high catalytic ability of MgMn2O4 was attributed to the introduction of tetrahedral Mg2+ and the redox domination of Mn2+/Mn3+/Mn4+. Overall, this research extends the understanding of the NaIO4-based advanced oxidation process.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Budhadeb Chowdhury, Sk Mehebub Rahaman, Aniruddha Ghosh, Kalachand Mahali, Pintu Sar, Bidyut Saha
Summary: This study investigates the employment of two surfactants in the oxidation of 1-propanol and 1,3-propanediol by copper(III)-periodate (DPC) complex in aqueous micellar media. The results show a significant enhancement in the catalytic efficiency of the oxidation reactions when both surfactants are present in equimolar amounts. Additionally, the aggregation of the binary surfactants plays a crucial role in the analysis of the absolute kinetic results of the oxidation study.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Xing-yu Wu, Ming-yu Li, Qing-xuan Zeng, Qing-xia Yu
Summary: Copper azide with high density was successfully synthesized by in-situ reaction of nanoporous copper precursor with HN3 gas. The effects of copper shell on the morphology, structure, and density of copper azide were investigated. The copper azide exhibited excellent initiation performance, making it suitable for miniaturized explosive systems.
DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew Lovett-Barron
Summary: Animals use their sensory systems to detect danger and respond accordingly. New research demonstrates that larval zebrafish navigate away from dangerous salt water by using their olfactory systems to detect the presence of both sodium and chloride ions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nitesh K. Nandwana, Bhawani, Vikki N. Shinde, Anil Kumar
Summary: A highly efficient copper-catalyzed three component, one-pot reaction has been developed for the synthesis of imidazo[1,2-c]quinazolines and benzimidazo[1,2-c]quinazolines. The reaction shows good tolerance to various functional groups and yields the desired products in moderate to good yields.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vasiliy M. Muzalevskiy, Zoia A. Sizova, Mikhail S. Nechaev, Valentine G. Nenajdenko
Summary: A detailed study on the reaction of CF3-ynones with NaN3 was conducted, and it was found that the reaction can selectively synthesize different products through acid catalysis. High yields of 4-trifluoroacetyltriazoles were obtained when CF3-ynones reacted with NaN3 in ethanol, while 5-CF3-isoxazoles were formed under acid catalysis. Possible reaction mechanism was supported by DFT calculations, and the synthetic utility of the prepared products was demonstrated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Xu-wen Liu, Yan Hu, Jia-heng Hu, Jia-xin Su, Cai-min Yang, Ying-hua Ye, Rui-qi Shen
Summary: This research successfully synthesized a Cu2O@HKUST-1 core-shell structure material and prepared a CuO@porous carbon (CuO@PC) composite material through gas-solid phase in-situ azidation reaction, resulting in the formation of a CuAz@PC composite energetic material. The composite material exhibits good electrostatic safety and high energy density.
DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Vyoma Mistry, Pragya Tiwari, Paresh Patel, Gajendra Singh Vishwakarma, Geung-Joo Lee, Abhishek Sharma
Summary: Catharanthus roseus synthesizes bioactive therapeutic metabolites known as monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs), including anti-neoplastic vinblastine and vincristine, as well as antihypertensive ajmalicine. Biotechnological interventions have been used to enhance the production of MIAs in plant systems due to their low in planta concentration. Mutagenesis experiments using chemical and physical agents on C. roseus showed potential effects on the transcriptional modulation of MIA biosynthetic pathways in plants, leading to changes in plant morphology and increased content of specific bioactive compounds.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Dominique R. Wozniak, Matthias Zeller, Edward C. Byrd, Davin G. Piercey
Summary: An efficient synthesis of 5-bromotetrazole was presented in this study, and the products were characterized chemically and as energetic materials using various analytical techniques.
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANORGANISCHE UND ALLGEMEINE CHEMIE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sebastian R. Yocca, Matthias Zeller, Edward F. C. Byrd, Davin G. Piercey
Summary: This study investigated the synthesis and characterization of the highly energetic 1,5-diaminotetrazole-4N-oxide (SYX-9). SYX-9 was found to have an exciting detonation velocity but was very sensitive to mechanical and thermal stimuli.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Joseph Yount, Davin G. Piercey
Summary: Electrochemical synthesis is an environmentally friendly method for preparing molecules, widely used in various fields but lagging in the energetic materials sector. This review covers the history and transformations of synthetic electrochemistry for high-nitrogen energetic materials, serving as a starting point for those in this field and interested in high-nitrogen molecules.
Correction
Chemistry, Organic
Dominique R. Wozniak, Benjamin Salfer, Matthias Zeller, Edward F. C. Byrd, Davin G. Piercey
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jake E. Zuckerman, Tim D. Manship, Dawson M. Smith, Davin G. Piercey
Summary: In this work, a heterogeneous titanium superoxide catalyst was used to directly oxidize precursor 5-aminotetrazole to 5-nitrotetrazole in aqueous solution, bypassing the sensitive intermediates in the current industrial synthesis method. The process showed improved safety with a yield of 50-65%. The prepared sodium nitrotetrazole exhibited high purity and was suitable for the synthesis of the sensitive explosive DBX-1.
ORGANIC PROCESS RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Shannon E. Creegan, Matthias Zeller, Edward F. C. Byrd, Davin G. Piercey
Summary: Bis(3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methane (BNTM) was synthesized in a water and hydrogen peroxide solution using titanium superoxide as the oxidant. The synthesized BNTM was characterized and compared with traditionally produced BNTM. The thermal stabilities and mechanical sensitives of various BNTM salts were studied, and their crystal structures were analyzed using single crystal X-ray crystallography.
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANORGANISCHE UND ALLGEMEINE CHEMIE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Sebastian Yocca, Davin G. Piercey
Summary: In this study, a novel synthetic route for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxy-5-aminotetrazole was developed, which involves the cyclization of O-benzylhydroxylamine and cyanogen azide followed by debenzylation using suspended Pd/C catalyst. The resulting 1-hydroxy-5-aminotetrazole showed high purity and its characterization was confirmed by various analytical techniques.
ORGANIC PROCESS RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Michael Thoenen, Matthew Gettings, Connor Holt, Alison J. Frontier, Patrick A. Caruana, Matthias Zeller, Edward F. C. Byrd, Davin G. Piercey
Summary: This report describes the successful synthesis of a novel high-nitrogen heterocycle through an electrocyclization reaction. The proposed mechanism of electrocyclization is supported by experimental results and theoretical calculations, confirming previous research findings.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Angelique Klimek, Joseph Yount, Dominique Wozniak, Mattias Zeller, Davin G. Piercey
Summary: In this study, calcium cyanamide is prepared in a laboratory method with a higher purity than achievable by the traditional synthesis method. The energy-intensive process and impurities in the product material have been addressed.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Dominique R. Wozniak, Max Roux, Matthias Zeller, Edward F. C. Byrd, Davin G. Piercey
Summary: This study synthesized and characterized energetic salts of a triazolyl-tetrazinyl-aminotriazine ring system. These materials form hydrates that are insensitive to mechanical stimuli, but high sensitivities are possible in anhydrous conditions.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Matthew L. Gettings, Matthias Zeller, Davin G. Piercey
Summary: The synthesis of semithiocarbazides as precursors for the synthesis of tetrazole azasydnone, a potential energetic material, was investigated. Different reactions involving 4-methoxyphenylhydrazine hydrochloride and phenyl isothiocyanate, as well as 3,6-dihydrazino-1,2,4,5-tetrazine and phenyl isothiocyanate, were conducted to obtain the desired compounds. Crystallographic information for all novel compounds was obtained using single crystal X-ray diffraction.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shannon E. Creegan, Janine K. Lee, Matthias Zeller, Edward F. C. Byrd, Davin G. Piercey
Summary: The N-amination of 3,5-diamino-6-nitro-1,2,4-triazine resulted in the formation of triazinium cation, from which energetic salts were synthesized. These salts exhibited high performance but also showed sensitivity.
ENERGETIC MATERIALS FRONTIERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nikita Muravyev, Dominique R. Wozniak, Davin G. Piercey
Summary: This study analyzed the detonation parameters of 260 energetic compounds and identified trends in the development of energetic materials. It compared the accuracy of various prediction methods and proposed a new equation for detonation velocity and metal acceleration ability with improved accuracy.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Michael Scheid, Laura Pohl, Magdalena Rusan, Thomas M. Klapoetke, Stefan Schwarzer
Summary: Sparklers offer various topics for chemistry education, including redox chemistry, environmental impacts, and current research in pyrotechnics. The focus of this unit is on producing sparklers as a school experiment and testing their effects on living organisms. By passing sensitivity tests based on German safety guidelines, students can safely produce sparklers.
Correction
Chemistry, Organic
Dominique R. Wozniak, Benjamin Salfer, Matthias Zeller, Edward F. C. Byrd, Davin G. Piercey
