Article
Oncology
Luca Szalai, Akos Jakab, Ildiko Kocsmar, Ildiko Szirtes, Istvan Kenessey, Attila Szijarto, Zsuzsa Schaff, Andras Kiss, Gabor Lotz, Eva Kocsmar
Summary: Small clusters of tumor cells at the invasion front of the tumor, known as tumor budding, and larger clusters of cells, known as poorly differentiated clusters, are important histological parameters for assessing the outcome of colorectal cancer. However, their prognostic value for gastric cancer is less well studied and controversial. In this retrospective study, the researchers investigated the prognostic power of these two entities in a large cohort of gastric cancer patients. The results showed that tumor budding is an independent prognostic factor determining overall survival in gastric cancer, especially in intestinal type adenocarcinomas. Additionally, tumor budding can also predict the risk of lymph node metastases. However, the prognostic value of poorly differentiated clusters is lower and they have not been shown to be an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer survival.
Article
Oncology
Eline J. ter Steege, Mandy Boer, Nikki C. Timmer, Carola M. E. Ammerlaan, Ji-Ying Song, Patrick W. B. Derksen, John Hilkens, Elvira R. M. Bakker
Summary: RSPO2/RSPO3 copy number gains are found in a quarter of breast cancer patients and associated with worse prognosis. A mouse model study reveals the oncogenic capacity of RSPO3 in breast cancer, driving tumor development with poor differentiation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and metastatic potential. RSPO3 is proposed as a novel candidate target for therapy in breast cancer.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Segolene Hescot, Abir Al Ghuzlan, Theophraste Henry, Hala Sheikh-Alard, Livia Lamartina, Isabelle Borget, Julien Hadoux, Eric Baudin, Corinne Dupuy, Alyaksandr Nikitski, Yuri E. Nikiforov, Martin Schlumberger, Marina N. Nikiforova, Sophie Leboulleux
Summary: This study investigated the clinical, histological and molecular prognostic factors in poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas (PDTC), finding that the American Thyroid Association (ATA) high risk of relapse and high mitotic count were associated with a higher rate of recurrence in localized PDTC. Additionally, a high molecular-risk signature was associated with the presence of distant metastasis and poor overall survival.
ENDOCRINE-RELATED CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Constanze Elfgen, Sabrina Baumgartner, Zsuzsanna Varga, Kelly Reeve, Christoph J. Tausch, Vesna Bjelic-Radisic, Markus Fleisch, Uwe Gueth
Summary: Diagnostic delay of breast cancer can worsen the outcome and this study found that patients with triple-negative breast cancer are at a higher risk of experiencing a delay in diagnosis. The study emphasizes the importance of considering clinical risk factors and provider training, and suggests a broader use of core needle biopsy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Jianzhong Wu, Ling Gao, Hong Chen, Xiaojun Zhou, Xialiang Lu, Zhongqi Mao
Summary: This study revealed that in poorly differentiated gastric cancer (PDGC), the upregulation of LINC02535 expression contributes to cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and wound healing, while its inhibition facilitates cell apoptosis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Deng Han, Yuan-Liang Li, Zhi-Wei Zhou, Fei Yin, Jie Chen, Fang Liu, Yan-Fen Shi, Wei Wang, Yu Zhang, Xian-Jun Yu, Jian-Ming Xu, Run-Xiang Yang, Chao Tian, Jie Luo, Huang-Ying Tan
Summary: This study investigated the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of 232 patients with PDGNENs, revealing that tumor diameter, number of tumors, AJCC stage, and distant metastasis status were independent prognostic factors. The overall prognosis of PDGNENs patients is poor, especially for those with larger tumors, multiple tumors, and advanced stage disease.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yuanxiang Lu, Dongxiao Li, Ge Liu, Erwei Xiao, Senmao Mu, Yujin Pan, Fangyuan Qin, Yaping Zhai, Shaofeng Duan, Deyu Li, Guoyi Yan
Summary: This study identified 126 PDAC-specific expressed genes enriched in cell adhesion, membrane components, signal transduction, chemical carcinogenesis, and IL-17 signaling pathway, indicating their unique role in PDAC tumorigenesis. Five genes (CEACAM5, KRT6A, KRT6B, KRT7, KRT17) with high expression levels in tumor tissues were found to be significantly correlated with PDAC patient prognosis, and KRT7 was positively correlated with KRT6A, KRT6B, KRT17 expression. Real-time PCR validated the expression levels of hub genes as consistent with RNA-seq analysis, suggesting that CEACAM5, KRT6A, KRT6B, KRT7, and KRT17 may serve as novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for poorly differentiated PDAC.
ONCOTARGETS AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fan Zhang, Chenxue Qi, Zhipeng Yao, Haojun Xu, Guoren Zhou, Congzhu Li, Hongping Xia
Summary: This study identified a novel necroptosis-related subtype of breast cancer (BRCA) and revealed the potential roles of necroptosis-relevant genes (NRGs) in prognosis, clinicopathological features, tumor microenvironment (TME), chemotherapy, tumor proliferation, and tumor necroptosis.
Article
Pathology
Irene Chen, Dongwei Zhang, Moises Velez, Sierra Kovar, Xiaoyan Liao
Summary: Gastrointestinal NECs are aggressive neoplasms, with INSM1, synaptophysin, and SATB2 being sensitive markers, although not specific to site or tumor type.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yazan Z. Alabed
Summary: A 73-year-old man presented with gastric lesion on upper endoscopy, biopsy-proven as poorly differentiated carcinoma. Staging FDG PET/CT scan showed gastric, intraprostatic, nodal, and extensive osseous lesions. Prostate-specific antigen levels were greater than 1000. The patient was treated as metastatic poorly differentiated prostate cancer with chemotherapy. Posttherapy F-18-PSMA-1007 and FDG PET/CT scans were obtained. PSMA PET/CT scan revealed extensive disease similar in appearance as staging FDG PET/CT scan, indicating no apparent treatment response. FDG PET/CT scan showed partial metabolic response, correlating with improved prostate-specific antigen levels. This case indicates that chemotherapy-induced changes in glucose metabolism likely precede change in PSMA expression in poorly differentiated prostate cancer.
CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eva Villanueva-Fernandez, Mario A. Hermsen, Laura Suarez-Fernandez, Blanca Vivanco, Alessandro Franchi, Rocio Garcia-Marin, Virginia N. Cabal, Helena Codina-Martinez, Sara Lucila Lorenzo-Guerra, Jose L. Llorente, Fernando Lopez
Summary: The sinonasal cavities harbor a wide variety of rare cancer types, and histopathological classification can be challenging. This study found that the presence of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and PD-L1 expression in poorly differentiated sinonasal tumors correlated with worse disease-specific survival. Thus, immunotherapy may be a promising new treatment option for this subset of patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cheng-Mao Zhou, Ying Wang, Hao-Tian Ye, Shuping Yan, Muhuo Ji, Panmiao Liu, Jian-Jun Yang
Summary: A machine learning algorithm model was constructed to predict lymph node metastasis in patients with poorly differentiated-type intramucosal gastric cancer. Factors such as number of resected nodes, lymphovascular invasion, and tumor size were identified as key factors affecting LNM. The highest accuracy rate was achieved with the GBDT algorithm.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jiapeng Huang, Wei Sun, Qingfu Zhang, Zhihong Wang, Wenwu Dong, Dalin Zhang, Chengzhou Lv, Liang Shao, Ping Zhang, Hao Zhang
Summary: Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) is a rare, highly invasive cancer with poor prognosis, where tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, distant metastases, proportion of poorly differentiated areas, and Ki-67 labeling index are associated with adverse outcomes. Extrathyroidal extension and distant metastases are independent risk factors for poor prognosis.
ENDOCRINE PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Zhang Qi, Zuo Zhibo, Zhuang Jing, Qu Zhanbo, Han Shugao, Jin Weili, Liu Jiang, Han Shuwen
Summary: This study found no significant difference in fecal flora alpha diversity between poorly differentiated and moderately differentiated colorectal cancer. However, there were differences in the composition of the flora between the two groups. In terms of prediction using machine learning models, the random forest model showed the highest accuracy.
Review
Oncology
Alessandro Prete, Antonio Matrone, Carla Gambale, Liborio Torregrossa, Elisa Minaldi, Cristina Romei, Raffaele Ciampi, Eleonora Molinaro, Rossella Elisei
Summary: Researchers have produced promising data on the genetics and tumor microenvironment of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer and anaplastic thyroid cancer. Despite their rarity, these cancers pose a significant clinical problem due to poor survival and the inefficacy of traditional therapies. New evidence is changing the treatment landscape for these cancers.
