Article
Hematology
Sang-A Kim, Ju Hyun Lee, Ji Yun Lee, Hun-Gyu Hwang, Yang-Ki Kim, Ho-Young Yhim, Junshik Hong, Jeong-Ok Lee, Soo-Mee Bang
Summary: This study found that DOACs have become the most prescribed anticoagulant in Korea after five years, but bleeding complications occurred more frequently in CT patients, especially in those treated with DOACs.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eryne E. Wiethorn, Sarah Harrison, Erin R. Weeda, Carolyn Magee Bell
Summary: This study compared the safety and effectiveness of thrice-daily (TID) versus twice-daily (BID) administration of UFH for VTEP patients during a heparin shortage, finding no significant difference in outcomes between the two dosing regimens. During a heparin shortage, transitioning patients to BID UFH for VTEP to conserve supply may be considered.
ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Christopher DeBiase, Christopher A. Giuliano, Mitesh Doshi, Michelle Ganoff, Renee Alexander Paxton
Summary: In critically ill patients with renal impairment, thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin was associated with an increased risk of major bleeding compared to UFH.
Review
Surgery
Alexandre Tran, Shannon M. Fernando, Rebecca S. Gates, Jacob R. Gillen, Molly E. Droege, Marc Carrier, Kenji Inaba, Elliott R. Haut, Bryan Cotton, Amanda Teichman, Paul T. Engels, Rakesh V. Patel, Jacinthe Lampron, Bram Rochwerg
Summary: This study compared anti-Xa-guided dosing with fixed dosing of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for VTE prevention in adult trauma patients. The findings suggest that anti-Xa-guided dosing may reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and any VTE, although the certainty of evidence is low. The impact on mortality and bleeding events remains uncertain. Overall rating: 8 out of 10.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Kaidireyahan Wumaier, Wenqian Li, Jiuwei Cui
Summary: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, decreased quality of life, and higher economic burden. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWHs) has been the standard treatment for cancer-associated VTE, but the introduction of new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) offers another option for some cancer patients with thrombosis. A more comprehensive understanding of drug properties, efficacy and safety, and economic analysis is needed to choose the most appropriate treatment.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Jerome J. Federspiel, Lauren E. Wein, Ryan Duggal, Evan R. Myers, Kimberly A. Boggess, Andra H. James
Summary: The adoption of different guidelines has notable implications for clinical practice and the rate of VTE following cesarean delivery may vary accordingly.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Laurent Bertoletti, Gaelle Gusto, Nadia Quignot, Artak Khachatryan, Jose Chaves, Audrey Moniot, Ruth Mokgokong, Isabelle Mahe
Summary: Patients with cancer are at increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) and dying from VTE. A recent observational study in France investigated the treatment patterns and outcomes for cancer patients with VTE prescribed low molecular weight heparins (LMWH). The study found high rates of VTE recurrence and bleeding, suggesting an unmet medical need in this patient population.
Article
Hematology
Antonella Tufano, Benjamin Brenner
Summary: Current guidelines do not provide specific recommendations on thromboprophylaxis for hospitalized patients with thrombocytopenia and/or platelet dysfunction. However, antithrombotic prophylaxis should be considered in most cases, except for those with absolute contraindications to anticoagulant drugs. Patients with liver cirrhosis, COVID-19, and antiphospholipid antibodies are particularly at risk and may benefit from thromboprophylaxis. Thrombocytopenia, as long as it is not severe, should not interfere with VTE prevention decisions.
SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Amanda L. Teichman, Bryan A. Cotton, James Byrne, Navpreet K. Dhillon, Allison E. Berndtson, Michelle A. Price, Tracy J. Johns, Eric J. Ley, Todd Costantini, Elliott R. Haut
Summary: Venous thromboembolism is a major concern in trauma patients, and novel approaches are needed to reduce its occurrence. The risk for VTE extends beyond hospitalization, and there is currently no clear ideal approach for outpatient prevention.
JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Verinder Sidhu, Helen Badge, Timothy Churches, Justine Maree Naylor, Sam Adie, Ian A. Harris
Summary: This study compares the 90-day VTE rates in patients receiving aspirin to patients receiving LMWH or DOACs after THA and TKA. The results showed that the aspirin group had the lowest VTE rate, but the prophylaxis duration and history of previous VTE were predictors of VTE.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Surgery
Alexandre Tran, Shannon M. Fernando, Marc Carrier, Deborah M. Siegal, Kenji Inaba, Kelly Vogt, Paul T. Engels, Shane W. English, Salmaan Kanji, Kwadwo Kyeremanteng, Jacinthe Lampron, Dennis Kim, Bram Rochwerg
Summary: This study summarizes the efficacy and safety of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) versus unfractionated heparin (UFH) for the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in trauma patients. The results showed that LMWH is more effective than UFH in reducing the risk of deep vein thrombosis and VTE, and may also reduce the risk of pulmonary embolism and mortality. However, the impact on adverse events and heparin induced thrombocytopenia is uncertain.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Stephen J. Bickston, Michael Patrone
Summary: Recent events highlight the high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and emphasize the importance of prophylaxis in such patients. Protocols within the electronic medical record can improve compliance with VTE prophylaxis.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Verinder S. Sidhu, Thu-Lan Kelly, Nicole Pratt, Stephen E. Graves, Rachelle Buchbinder, Sam Adie, Kara Cashman, Ilana Ackerman, Durga Bastiras, Roger Brighton, Alexander W. R. Burns, Beng Hock Chong, Ornella Clavisi, Maggie Cripps, Mark Dekkers, Richard de Steiger, Michael Dixon, Andrew Ellis, Elizabeth C. Griffith, David Hale, Amber Hansen, Anthony Harris, Raphael Hau, Mark Horsley, Dugal James, Omar Khorshid, Leonard Kuo, Peter Lewis, David Lieu, Michelle Lorimer, Samuel MacDessi, Peter McCombe, Catherine McDougall, Jonathan Mulford, Justine Maree Naylor, Richard S. Page, John Radovanovic, Michael Solomon, Rami Sorial, Peter Summersell, Phong Tran, William L. Walter, Steve Webb, Chris Wilson, David Wysocki, Ian A. Harris
Summary: Aspirin had a significantly higher rate of symptomatic VTE compared to enoxaparin in patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty, although there were no significant differences in other secondary outcomes.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Paul D. Stein, Fadi Matta, Mary J. Hughes
Summary: The study found that the selection of hospitalization for acute DVT patients is related to the site of DVT and age, with a conservative approach still prevalent in the use of home treatment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Dominik A. Jakob, Elizabeth R. Benjamin, Panagiotis Liasidis, Demetrios Demetriades
Summary: This study found that early pharmacological venous thromboembolic prophylaxis (VTEp) (<= 48 hours) is safe and independently associated with fewer thromboembolic events and lower mortality after severe liver injuries managed nonoperatively. Compared to unfractionated heparin (UH), low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) was independently associated with lower mortality.
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Serena Porcari, Nicolas Benech, Mireia Valles-Colomer, Nicola Segata, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Cammarota, Harry Sokol, Gianluca Ianiro
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown promising results in preventing recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection, but its success in other diseases is limited. Factors influencing FMT success include donor and recipient-related factors, working protocols, and the degree of donor microbial engraftment. The use of advanced technologies for microbiome assessment and changes in the current vision of fecal transplants are expected to improve FMT outcomes. This review highlights key determinants of FMT success and strategies for integrating lab-based and clinical approaches.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alberto Nicoletti, Maria Elena Ainora, Marco Cintoni, Matteo Garcovich, Barbara Funaro, Silvia Pecere, Martina De Siena, Francesco Santopaolo, Francesca Romana Ponziani, Laura Riccardi, Antonio Grieco, Maurizio Pompili, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Assunta Zocco
Summary: This study evaluated the changes in liver stiffness (LS) in HCV cirrhotic patients undergoing DAA therapy and identified parameters that predict the occurrence of liver-related events. The results showed that LS changes and MELD score were associated with HCC risk, while a one-year Delta-LS < 20% was associated with the development of ascites.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lucrezia Laterza, Marco Napoli, Valentina Petito, Franco Scaldaferri, Eleonora Gaetani, Antonio Gasbarrini
Summary: This study evaluated the adherence to probiotic therapy in real-life and identified factors that influenced adherence. It found that 60% of patients took all the prescribed probiotic therapy and perceived benefits in more than 60% of cases. The main factors affecting adherence were the price of the product, mild adverse events, and poor appreciation of flavor.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emanuele Rinninella, Raffaele Borriello, Marco D'Angelo, Tiziano Galasso, Marco Cintoni, Pauline Raoul, Michele Impagnatiello, Brigida Eleonora Annicchiarico, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Cristina Mele
Summary: Hospital malnutrition affects a significant portion of patients, and early assessment using the CONUT score can help predict hospital outcomes. This study aimed to determine the predictive role of the CONUT score in an Italian hospital, finding that CONUT was a reliable predictor of length of stay and in-hospital mortality.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
William Fusco, Manuel Bernabeu Lorenzo, Marco Cintoni, Serena Porcari, Emanuele Rinninella, Francesco Kaitsas, Elena Lener, Maria Cristina Mele, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Carmen Collado, Giovanni Cammarota, Gianluca Ianiro
Summary: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are crucial for gut health and have implications in various diseases. They are produced by specific bacterial taxa in the gut microbiota and can be influenced by specific foods or supplements. This review provides an overview of SCFAs, their production by bacteria, and potential therapeutic approaches to boost their levels and treat related diseases.
Review
Oncology
Valerio Papa, Tommaso Schepis, Gaetano Coppola, Michele Francesco Chiappetta, Livio Enrico Del Vecchio, Tommaso Rozera, Giuseppe Quero, Antonio Gasbarrini, Sergio Alfieri, Alfredo Papa
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a difficult-to-treat disease, and exploring the role of microbiota in its development and treatment holds promise for improving outcomes. The gut, pancreatic, and oral microbiota have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer, and changes in these microbiota can potentially be used for early diagnosis and predicting treatment response. Further research is needed to increase the available data in this promising area.
Review
Oncology
Irene Mignini, Maria Elena Ainora, Silvino Di Francesco, Linda Galasso, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Assunta Zocco
Summary: The role of gut microbiota and environmental factors in IBD-related CRC is still a burning question. The imbalance in gut microbiota composition, known as dysbiosis, can promote inflammation and tumorigenesis through complex pathways involving host genetics and environmental factors. The interactions between gut microbiota and the environment in tumorigenesis have mostly been studied in animal and in vitro models, and further research on humans is needed for clinical application of the collected data.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Marcello Fiorani, Ege Tohumcu, Livio Enrico Del Vecchio, Serena Porcari, Giovanni Cammarota, Antonio Gasbarrini, Gianluca Ianiro
Summary: Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that colonizes the human stomach and is associated with various gastric and extra-gastric disorders. Colonization of H. pylori affects the gastric microenvironment and gastrointestinal microbiota by regulating factors such as acidity, immune responses, antimicrobial peptides, and virulence factors. Eradication therapies for H. pylori can negatively impact the gut microbiota, but integrating probiotics into the treatment has been shown to mitigate these effects and improve eradication rates and patient compliance. This article provides an overview of the complex interaction between H. pylori and the gastrointestinal microbiota, emphasizing the consequences of eradication therapies and the benefits of probiotic supplementation.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Carlo Airola, Andrea Severino, Serena Porcari, William Fusco, Benjamin H. Mullish, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Cammarota, Francesca Romana Ponziani, Gianluca Ianiro
Summary: The human gut contains various microorganisms that play a crucial role in maintaining health. Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota is associated with several diseases. Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics have been traditionally used to modulate the gut microbiota for beneficial effects. However, other molecules, including rifaximin and natural compounds, have also shown potential in restoring microbiota balance.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marta Maestri, Francesco Santopaolo, Maurizio Pompili, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesca Romana Ponziani
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely linked to metabolic disorders and is highly prevalent in obese and diabetic patients. The gut microbiota plays a key role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, and modulating it through diet, medications, and other interventions can have a positive impact on liver health. Further research is needed to explore the potential of fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) and next-generation probiotics in the treatment of NAFLD.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marco Biolato, Margherita Saracco, Anna Petti, Bruna Lavezzo, Alfonso Wolfango Avolio, Silvia Martini
LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Laura Soldovieri, Gianfranco Di Giuseppe, Gea Ciccarelli, Giuseppe Quero, Francesca Cinti, Michela Brunetti, Enrico C. Nista, Antonio Gasbarrini, Sergio Alfieri, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Andrea Giaccari, Teresa Mezza
Summary: In the past few decades, various approaches have been explored to restore sufficient β-cell mass in diabetic patients. Stem cells are an attractive source of new β-cells, while inducing endogenous regeneration is also an alternative option. This review summarizes the latest evidence on physiological and pathological conditions associated with pancreatic regeneration and proliferation, as well as the signaling cascade mediating cell growth.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mattia Paratore, Matteo Garcovich, Maria Elena Ainora, Livio Enrico Del Vecchio, Giuseppe Cuccia, Laura Riccardi, Maurizio Pompili, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Assunta Zocco
Summary: Ultrasound imaging is the preferred method for investigating abdominal symptoms and can diagnose various pathological conditions in the gastrointestinal tract. Ultrasound elastography, a recent technological advancement, allows the evaluation of tissue characteristics like neoplastic transformation or inflammation. It has been extensively used in studying liver diseases and other clinical settings, including gastrointestinal diseases. This paper summarizes the evidence of different ultrasound elastography modalities in non-liver gastrointestinal diseases.
Review
Oncology
Maria Cerreto, Ferdinando Cardone, Lucia Cerrito, Leonardo Stella, Francesco Santopaolo, Maria Pallozzi, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesca Romana Ponziani
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the recent innovations in systemic treatments for unresectable locally advanced and metastatic HCC, including emerging therapies, with a particular focus on treatment sequences. It addresses the problem of second- and third-line therapies and explores possible future approaches for patients who progress beyond first-line therapies.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Lucia Cerrito, Maria Elena Ainora, Silvino Di Francesco, Linda Galasso, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Assunta Zocco
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common and important primary liver cancer, often associated with portal vein tumor thrombosis. Imaging evaluation, particularly contrast-enhanced ultrasound, is crucial for diagnosis and staging, enabling identification of different types of thrombosis and assisting in treatment planning and prognosis assessment.
