Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Vazquez-Carballo, Melania Guerrero-Hue, Cristina Garcia-Caballero, Sandra Rayego-Mateos, Lucas Opazo-Rios, Jose Luis Morgado-Pascual, Carmen Herencia-Bellido, Mercedes Vallejo-Mudarra, Isabel Cortegano, Maria Luisa Gaspar, Belen de Andres, Jesus Egido, Juan Antonio Moreno
Summary: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Studies suggest that inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of AKI, and anti-inflammatory agents targeting Toll-like receptors may help reduce kidney damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrizia Pannucci, Sophie R. Jefferson, Jonathan Hampshire, Samantha L. Cooper, Stephen J. Hill, Jeanette Woolard
Summary: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection responsible for COVID-19 commonly leads to dyspnea and fatigue, primarily affecting the lungs. However, it can also result in dysfunction of extra-pulmonary organs, particularly the cardiovascular system. Cardiac complications such as hypertension, thromboembolism, arrhythmia, and heart failure have been observed in COVID-19 patients, with myocardial injury and myocarditis being the most frequent. Understanding the mechanisms of COVID-19-induced myocarditis, including changes in ACE2 expression and immune responses, is crucial.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Suprabhat Mukherjee, Ritwik Patra, Payam Behzadi, Andrea Masotti, Alessandro Paolini, Meysam Sarshar
Summary: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play crucial roles in the immune responses by recognizing pathogen-expressed molecules and molecules released from damaged cells. They are considered promising targets for the treatment of inflammation-associated diseases, autoimmune diseases, microbial infections, and cancer. Various TLR-targeting compounds and antibodies have shown efficacy in protecting against different types of cancers. However, improper dosing or administration may lead to detrimental outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lei Zhang, Guangshuai Liu, Tian Xia, Xiufeng Yang, Guolei Sun, Chao Zhao, Chunzhu Xu, Honghai Zhang
Summary: The study analyzed TLR genes from the genomes and transcriptomes of 102 amphibian species to understand their evolutionary patterns. Results showed that TLR genes can be divided into seven subfamilies, with TLR4 subfamily found only in Anura. Purification selection played a leading role in amphibian TLR evolution, and different domains had different evolution rates. Positive selection patterns and single-nucleotide polymorphisms were observed in TLR genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xin Zhi, Peipei Yang, Yunxue Xu, Zhifei Dai, Xiuli Yue, Linxue Qian
Summary: This review discusses the functions of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the tumor microenvironment and the pathways that activate immune responses. It also summarizes recent developments in nanotechnology for immunomodulation with TLR agonists. Nanotechnology can improve the efficacy of TLR agonist-based immunotherapy and address its limitations.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuan-Tung Chu, Min-Tser Liao, Kuo-Wang Tsai, Kuo-Cheng Lu, Wan-Chung Hu
Summary: A comprehensive framework has been established to understand immunological pathways, and specific associations between immune responses and immune receptors have been identified. These findings contribute to the identification of biomarkers for immune cells and provide insights into host immunological pathways.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Wei Ni, Yu-Feng Ma, Tao Chen, Xia Chen
Summary: This study investigated the role and mechanism of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in intestinal mucosal barrier injury in mice with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). The results showed that the TLR9/MyD88/TRAF6/NF-kappa B signaling pathway plays an important role in the damage of intestinal mucosal barrier function in SAP. Inhibition of TLR9 expression could reduce inflammation, apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells, and improve intestinal permeability.
Article
Cell Biology
Yanna Liu, Mengke Li, Chaopeng Mei, Huning Cui, Qiaofang Wang, Dejian Li, Yaodong Song, Mengwei Cui, Qianqian He, Sanyang Chen, Changju Zhu
Summary: This study investigated the role of TXNIP in arginine-induced acute pancreatitis. The results showed that pancreatic damage and the inflammatory response were restrained in TXNIP knock-out mice, while they were enhanced in mice overexpressing TXNIP. The study also found that TXNIP regulates inflammatory responses and oxidative stress via the ASK1-dependent activation of the JNK/p38 pathways. Targeting TXNIP may represent a promising approach to protect against severe acute pancreatitis.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoqin Tang, Qian Xu, Shuo Yang, Xinwu Huang, Long Wang, Feihong Huang, Jiesi Luo, Xiaogang Zhou, Anguo Wu, Qibing Mei, Chunling Zhao, Jianming Wu
Summary: Platelets, as the second most abundant blood component, play a crucial role in various physiological and pathological functions. In addition to its traditional role in hemostasis and thrombosis, platelets also have an indispensable role in inflammatory diseases. Thrombocytopenia, a common hematologic problem, is closely related to the fatality of many diseases, highlighting the significance of its prevention and treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Stavros Garantziotis, Rashmin C. Savani
Summary: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is not only a structure but also plays key roles in cellular responses. Proteoglycans (PGs), a component of ECM, have been found to be crucial in both health maintenance and disease development by activating the innate immune system and influencing cell fate.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Keyan Wu, Guanghuai Yao, Xiaolei Shi, Huan Zhang, Qingtian Zhu, Xinnong Liu, Guotao Lu, Lianghao Hu, Weijuan Gong, Qi Yang, Yanbing Ding
Summary: The study demonstrated the protective effect of Asiaticoside (AS) on acute pancreatitis (AP) in mice through the TLR4 pathway, reducing serum amylase levels and alleviating the histopathological manifestations of pancreatic tissue. AS also showed interactions with TLR4 and protected against pancreatic acinar cells necrosis.
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Wicherska-Pawlowska, Tomasz Wrobel, Justyna Rybka
Summary: The innate immune system recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), activating immune cells and initiating inflammatory and immune responses. This system also plays a role in cancer immunosurveillance, with potential for natural and synthetic agonists of PRRs to be used as adjuvants in cancer immunotherapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qian Hu, Shu Zhang, Yue Yang, Juan Li, Hongxin Kang, Wenfu Tang, Christopher J. Lyon, Meihua Wan
Summary: Integrins expressed on SAP-EVs mediate ALI through their accumulation in the lung. Preincubation of SAP-EVs with HYD-1 attenuates pulmonary inflammation and disruption of the PMVEC barrier. Injections of EVs overexpressing ITGAM and ITGB2 also attenuate pulmonary accumulation of pancreas-derived EVs, as well as decrease pulmonary inflammation and disruption of the endothelial cell barrier.
Review
Oncology
Yang Xun, Hua Yang, Bozena Kaminska, Hua You
Summary: Glioma is a fast proliferating and highly invasive brain tumor that is difficult to treat and often recurs. Toll-like receptors play dual roles in the glioma microenvironment, eliciting both anti-tumoral and pro-tumoral responses. Targeting TLRs in glioma treatment may provide new strategies for immunotherapy.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Yingchi Zhang, Jia Liu, Changlun Wang, Junxian Liu, Wei Lu
Summary: Toll-like receptor gene polymorphisms can increase the risk of autoimmune diseases, and studying these variations can expand our understanding of the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Juan Vaz, Berne Eriksson, Ulf Stromberg, David Buchebner, Patrik Midlov
BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Juan Vaz, Ulf Stromberg, Berne Eriksson, David Buchebner, Patrik Midlov
Article
Immunology
Sangeetha Ramu, Hamid Akbarshahi, Sofia Mogren, Frida Berlin, Samuel Cerps, Mandy Menzel, Morten Hvidtfeldt, Celeste Porsbjerg, Lena Uller, Cecilia K. Andersson
Summary: The study revealed that stimulation with MC proteases can induce the release of inflammatory mediators and alarmins from human bronchial epithelial cells, while also decreasing anti-viral responses. Furthermore, MC proteases lead to downregulation of epithelial junction proteins, potentially causing barrier dysfunction.
Article
Immunology
Mandy Menzel, Hamid Akbarshahi, Irma Mahmutovic Persson, Cecilia Andersson, Manoj Puthia, Lena Uller
Summary: Asthma exacerbations are often triggered by rhinovirus infections, which activate the NF kappa B pathway leading to airway inflammation and increased Th2 cytokine expression. This study using a mouse model demonstrates that NF kappa B signaling is involved in impaired IFN beta production during viral-induced asthma exacerbations. Lack of NF kappa B1 results in lower IL-33 levels and reduced eosinophilia after allergen challenge, but enhanced expression of IFN beta and antiviral proteins at exacerbation. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic target in targeting NF kappa B pathways during viral infection-induced exacerbations.
JOURNAL OF INNATE IMMUNITY
(2022)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Juan Vaz
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Samuel Cerps, Asger Sverrild, Sangeetha Ramu, Juan Jose Nieto-Fontarigo, Hamid Akbarshahi, Mandy Menzel, Cecilia Andersson, Sofia Tillgren, Morten Hvidtfeldt, Celeste Porsbjerg, Lena Uller
Summary: This study found that exposure to house dust mite (HDM) affected the anti-viral and anti-bacterial responses in airway epithelial cells of allergic asthma patients, potentially leading to asthma exacerbations. However, HDM exposure did not affect the release of TSLP, a driver of T2 inflammation.
Article
Oncology
Juan Vaz, Patrik Midlov, Malin Sternby Eilard, Berne Eriksson, David Buchebner, Ulf Stromberg
Summary: Contemporary European studies have found associations between socioeconomic status and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence. Lower household income and neighborhood deprivation are associated with higher HCC incidence rates. Men have higher HCC incidence rates than women, and the risk is greater for late-stage HCC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Juan Vaz, Ulf Stromberg, Patrik Midlov, Berne Eriksson, David Buchebner, Hannes Hagstrom
Summary: This population-based cohort study found that 39% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) had unrecognized cirrhosis at the time of diagnosis. These patients, compared to those with known cirrhosis, were more often male, older, had larger tumors, multinodular cancer, portal vein thrombosis, and extrahepatic metastasis, and had a worse prognosis.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sofia Malm Tillgren, Juan Jose Nieto-Fontarigo, Samuel Cerps, Sangeetha Ramu, Mandy Menzel, Irma Mahmutovic Persson, Anja Meissner, Hamid Akbarshahi, Lena Uller
Summary: The genetic background of mice has a significant impact on the lung inflammatory response to synthetic dsRNA. BALB/c and C57Bl/6J mice showed stronger inflammatory response to dsRNA, while C57Bl/6N mice exhibited a weaker response.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
S. Tillgren, S. Cerps, M. Menzel, I. Mahmutovic Persson, J. J. Nieto Fontarigo, H. Akbarshahi, L. Uller
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Surgery
Sandra Lindstedt, Edgars Grins, Johan Nilsson, Hamid Akbarshahi, Johan Sjoren, Snejana Hyllen, Lennart Hansson, Hillevi Larsson, Per Ederoth, Ronny Gustafsson
TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
Juan-Jose Nieto-Fontarigo, Samuel Cerps, Sangeetha Ramu, Hamid Akbarshahi, Asger Sverrild, Celeste Porsbjerg, Uller Lena
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
Samuel Cerps, Hamid Akbarshahi, Sangeetha Ramu, Mandy Menzel, Cecilia Andersson, Morten Hvidtfeldt, Asger Sverrild, Celeste Porsbjerg, Lena Uller
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Respiratory System
Hamid Akbarshahi, Zainab Ahmadi, David C. Currow, Jacob Sandberg, Zac Vandersman, Aaron Shanon-Honson, Magnus Ekstrom
Article
Respiratory System
Sangeetha Ramu, Jenny Calven, Charalambos Michaeloudes, Mandy Menzel, Hamid Akbarshahi, Kian Fan Chung, Lena Uller