Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kati Kaartinen, Sauli Vuoti, Eero Honkanen, Eliisa Loyttyniemi, Ravinder Singh, Martti Farkkila
Summary: Chronic kidney disease is a common extrahepatic manifestation caused by hepatitis C infection, usually detected at a late stage. Research suggests that tubular proteinuria is the most common early renal manifestation in HCV-positive patients, followed by hematuria.
Review
Biology
Busara Songtanin, Kenneth Nugent
Summary: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a significant cause of chronic liver diseases worldwide and is associated with negative consequences, including cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and increased risk of mortality. In addition to liver-related morbidities, HCV is also associated with several extrahepatic manifestations. Despite the introduction of direct-acting antiviral drugs, a considerable number of patients still develop extrahepatic complications.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marcel Yibirin, Khalis Mustafayev, Jeff Hosry, Pooja Pundhir, Joseph Klingen, Eduardo Yepez Guevara, Bruno P. Granwehr, Ahmed Kaseb, Aung Naing, Sapna Patel, Amishi Y. Shah, Ferdinandos Skoulidis, Hussein A. Tawbi, Lan Wang, Ethan Miller, Hao Chi Zhang, Amado Zurita-Saavedra, Harrys A. Torres
Summary: This study examined the virologic impact and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The results showed that ICI could inhibit HCV replication and achieve virologic cure in some patients. HCV reactivation primarily occurred in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. This study demonstrates that ICI are safe in HCV-infected patients with solid tumors, and chronic HCV infection should not be considered a contraindication for ICI therapy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Isabelle Desombere, Freya Van Houtte, Ali Farhoudi, Lieven Verhoye, Caroline Buysschaert, Yvonne Gijbels, Sibyl Couvent, Wilfried Swinnen, Hans Van Vlierberghe, Andre Elewaut, Andrea Magri, Zania Stamataki, Philip Meuleman, Jane A. McKeating, Geert Leroux-Roels
Summary: Hepatitis C virus can be transmitted by B cells, but B cells from recently infected patients failed to transmit the virus to mice, while all serum samples were infectious. The study also observed an association between circulating antibodies and B cell transmission of HCV.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Javier Orozco-Cordoba, Camila Mazas, Gisela Du Pont, Edmundo Lamoyi, Graciela Cardenas, Nora A. Fierro
Summary: This review summarizes the recent advances in understanding the replication factors of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in diverse organs and the associations between HEV infection and various extrahepatic manifestations. It reveals that HEV may replicate directly in peripheral tissues and highlights the crucial role of immune response in the development of the disease.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jian Wu, Ze Xiang, Chunxia Zhu, Yiwen Yao, Mariza Bortolanza, Hongcui Cao, Lanjuan Li
Summary: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has various extrahepatic manifestations affecting multiple organ systems, indicating it should be considered as a systemic disease. Different genotypes of HEV can induce different extrahepatic manifestations, and the severity of these diseases does not necessarily correlate with the severity of HEV infection. Antiviral therapy may alleviate or improve the extrahepatic manifestations related to HEV infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Review
Virology
Cesare Mazzaro, Luca Quartuccio, Luigi Elio Adinolfi, Dario Roccatello, Gabriele Pozzato, Riccardo Nevola, Maurizio Tonizzo, Stefano Gitto, Pietro Andreone, Valter Gattei
Summary: Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is often associated with extrahepatic manifestations such as cryoglobulinemia, lymphomas, and cardiovascular disease. Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) therapy can significantly reduce the risk of these extrahepatic manifestations, improving patients' quality of life and survival.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicole Hartwig Trier, Gunnar Houen, Giuseppe Murdaca
Summary: Autoimmunity is characterized by the presence of antibodies and/or T cells targeting self-components. It is often associated with infections, which may increase the risk of autoimmune diseases. Molecular mimicry, referring to cross-reactivity between foreign pathogens and self-antigens, can cause tissue damage and contribute to autoimmunity. This review aims to explore the nature of potential cross-reactive immune reactions between infectious non-self and self-tissue antigens associated with autoimmunity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Virology
Niloufar Yazdanpanah, Nima Rezaei
Summary: COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing a year after it started, with accumulating evidence showing late-onset autoimmune complications. Research suggests that COVID-19 may lead to autoimmune hemolytic anemia and other diseases, understanding the pathophysiology could help in developing appropriate treatments.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alessandra Mangia, Rosa Cotugno, Giovanna Cocomazzi, Maria Maddalena Squillante, Valeria Piazzolla
Summary: The World Health Organization's goal of eliminating Hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030 using direct-acting antiviral treatments has become less attainable post the 2020 pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019. Therefore, a more realistic approach of micro-elimination in population segments where targeted strategies of prevention and treatment are easily attained has been promoted in Europe. Active involvement of stakeholders and community participation are essential components for the success of a micro-elimination project tailored at the geographical level according to HCV epidemiology and individual country's income.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Tong Jiang, Kaitong Du, Jipeng Xie, Geng Sun, Pei Wang, Xi Chen, Zhiyan Cao, Baichen Wang, Qing Chao, Xiangdong Li, Zaifeng Fan, Tao Zhou
Summary: The study reveals that maize dwarf mosaic disease caused by sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) exhibits mosaic symptoms under light illumination, which is correlated with mitochondrial reactive oxidative species (mROS) accumulation. The activation of malate and malate circulation pathways play essential roles in promoting mosaic symptom development.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yu Fang, Chung-Yu Chen, Hsien-Chung Yu, Pei-Chin Lin
Summary: This retrospective cohort study used Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database to evaluate the difference in incidence of neuropsychological disorders (NPDs) between chronic hepatitis C patients receiving interferon therapy and direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) therapy. The study found that patients receiving DAA therapy had a lower risk of NPDs compared to those receiving interferon therapy during the 6-month period after treatment completion.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jessica Faccioli, Silvia Nardelli, Stefania Gioia, Oliviero Riggio, Lorenzo Ridola
Summary: HCV infection can lead to various extrahepatic manifestations, such as neurological symptoms, in addition to liver-related issues. Successful treatment relies on achieving sustained virological response, and neurological symptoms may be irreversible if there is organic liver damage.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Ru Cheng, Fu Zhu, Min Huang, Qiang Zhang, Hui Hong Yan, Xiao Hui Zhao, Fu Kang Luo, Chun Mei Li, Hui Liu, Gao Lin Liang, Cheng Zhi Huang, Jian Wang
Summary: In this study, a new biosensor named hepatitis virus indicator was developed for the simultaneous detection of HBV and HCV. The biosensor utilized Exo III assisted signal amplification strategy and particle counting technology with a dark-field microscopy, enabling sensitive and selective detection.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cheng Guo, Chenglai Dong, Junjie Zhang, Rui Wang, Zhe Wang, Jie Zhou, Wei Wang, Bing Ji, Boyu Ma, Yanli Ge, Zhirong Wang
Summary: By developing a signature of immune-related genes, this study successfully identified patients at high risk of progression and systematically analyzed immune infiltration in early-stage HCV-related cirrhosis. Further analysis revealed the involvement of cytokine activity, chemokine activity, and other immune-related factors in the progression of HCV-related cirrhosis.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vincenza Calvaruso, Jordi Bruix
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vincenza Calvaruso, Antonio Craxi
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2020)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vincenza Calvaruso, Antonio Craxi
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giuseppe Cabibbo, Giacomo Emanuele Maria Rizzo, Caterina Stornello, Antonio Craxi
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection may result in liver cell damage, particularly with more significant impact on patients with cirrhosis, and the specific mechanism of injury is still unclear. International societies have outlined specific interventions for high-risk populations, along with recommendations for treatment and follow-up during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Loreta A. Kondili, Antonio Craxi, Alessio Aghemo
Summary: Many high-income countries may find it challenging to achieve the WHO targets for eliminating HCV by 2030, with key factors for progress including identifying and treating the majority of infected individuals. Evaluating the cost-effectiveness and sustainability of different HCV screening and treatment strategies based on specific country and population contexts is essential to support evidence-based policy for HCV elimination.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Francesco S. Mennini, Andrea Marcellusi, Sarah Robbins Scott, Simona Montilla, Antonio Craxi, Maria Buti, Liana Gheorghe, Stephen Ryder, Loreta A. Kondili
Summary: This study assessed the clinical and economic impact of DAA therapy for HCV in England, Italy, Romania, and Spain, finding significant cost-savings and a short break-even point. A treatment delay due to COVID-19 may increase liver mortality in all countries.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Loreta A. Kondili, Massimo Andreoni, Alfredo Alberti, Salvatore Lobello, Sergio Babudieri, Antonio Saverio Roscini, Rocco Merolla, Walter Marrocco, Antonio Craxi
Summary: This study utilized a probabilistic modelling approach to estimate the number of untreated HCV-infected individuals in Italy, revealing that over 280,000 individuals may be undiagnosed or unlinked to care, with significant heterogeneity across major transmission routes.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vincenza Calvaruso, Salvatore Petta, Irene Cacciola, Giuseppe Cabibbo, Fabio Cartabellotta, Marco Distefano, Gaetano Scifo, Maria Antonietta Di Rosolini, Maurizio Russello, Tullio Prestileo, Salvatore Madonia, Giuseppe Malizia, Arturo Montineri, Antonio Digiacomo, Anna Licata, Francesco Benanti, Gaetano Bertino, Marco Enea, Salvatore Battaglia, Giovanni Squadrito, Giovanni Raimondo, Calogero Camma, Antonio Craxi, Vito Di Marco
Summary: This study evaluated the post-treatment survival of chronic HCV patients treated with DAAs and found that SVR was associated with reduced liver mortality risk and improved cardiovascular survival. Factors like platelet count and albumin value were also related to liver mortality risk, while diabetes and chronic kidney disease were identified as independent risk factors for cardiovascular mortality.
JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Roberto Cannella, Federica Vernuccio, Ciro Celsa, Giuseppe Cabibbo, Vincenza Calvaruso, Silvia Greco, Salvatore Battaglia, Kingshuk Roy Choudhury, An Tang, Massimo Midiri, Vito Di Marco, Calogero Camma, Giuseppe Brancatelli
Summary: The study found that DAA therapy does not increase the progression of indeterminate observations to malignant categories. The initial LI-RADS category is an independent predictor of observations upgrade.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Andrea Marcellusi, Francesco Saverio Mennini, Murad Ruf, Claudio Galli, Alessio Aghemo, Maurizia R. Brunetto, Sergio Babudieri, Antonio Craxi, Massimo Andreoni, Loreta A. Kondili
Summary: By simulating a Markov disease progression model, we evaluated the cost effectiveness and sustainability of different algorithms for HCV active infection diagnosis in a high endemic country. The results showed that HCV-RNA reflex testing is the most cost-effective diagnostic option.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Francesco Vizzutti, Ciro Celsa, Vincenza Calvaruso, Marco Enea, Salvatore Battaglia, Laura Turco, Marco Senzolo, Silvia Nardelli, Roberto Miraglia, Davide Roccarina, Claudia Campani, Dario Saltini, Cristian Caporali, Federica Indulti, Stefano Gitto, Alberto Zanetto, Gabriele Di Maria, Marcello Bianchini, Maddalena Pecchini, Silvia Aspite, Chiara Di Bonaventura, Michele Citone, Tomas Guasconi, Fabrizio Di Benedetto, Umberto Arena, Fabrizio Fanelli, Luigi Maruzzelli, Oliviero Riggio, Patrizia Burra, Antonio Colecchia, Erica Villa, Fabio Marra, Calogero Camma, Filippo Schepis
Summary: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a multivariable model for an accurate prediction of mortality in older adults. The results showed that creatinine and sodium levels are useful predictors for decision making in older adults. Further efforts to update the prediction model with larger sample size are warranted.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maria Buti, Antonio Craxi, Graham R. Foster, Mojca Maticic, Francesco Negro, Stefan Zeuzem, Fabien Zoulim
Summary: This study focuses on the elimination of chronic viral hepatitis and explores the issues of goal setting and measurement.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Loreta A. Kondili, Maria Grazia Rumi, Antonio Craxi
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nicola Pugliese, Vincenza Calvaruso, Mario Masarone, Roberta D'Ambrosio, Sara Battistella, Anna Licata, Marcello Persico, Maria Paola Anolli, Marco Distefano, Salvatore Petta, Francesco Paolo Russo, Vito Di Marco, Alessio Aghemo
Summary: This retrospective study found that G/P treatment achieved high SVR rates of 97.9% in Caucasian patients aged 75 years and older with chronic HCV infection. The study included 570 patients who received G/P treatment at five referral centers in Italy between October 2017 and January 2022.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giuseppe Miceli, Vincenza Calvaruso, Alessandra Casuccio, Grazia Pennisi, Massimo Licata, Chiara Pintus, Maria G. Basso, Mariachiara Velardo, Mario Daidone, Emanuele Amodio, Salvatore Petta, Fabio Simone, Giuseppe Cabibbo, Domenico Di Raimondo, Antonio Craxi, Antonio Pinto, Antonino Tuttolomondo
Summary: This study investigated the correlation between HRV parameters and the degree of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis. The results showed that liver dysfunction was positively correlated with HRV parameters, while the presence of ascites was negatively correlated. Drug treatment also had an impact on HRV parameters. These findings suggest a role of the autonomic nervous system in hepatic decompensation.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
