Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yijing Ding, Yanan Wang, Xushun Gu, Yuanyuan Peng, Shanshan Sun, Shengbing He
Summary: The study found that a salinity of 7% and 10% can promote the organic carbon release from reed biomass. The highest nitrate removal was observed at a salinity of 7%, and this removal rate increased from 54.06% to 74.37% after adding reed biomass. Additionally, the lowest nitrous oxide emission flux was also observed at this salinity, with a rate of 0.23 mg/(m2 h). Microbiological analysis showed that salinity had an impact on the microbial community, with an increase in the relative abundance of Chloroflexi and Actinobacteria and a decrease in Proteobacteria. The main functional genera of denitrification also changed with increasing salinity.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Paula E. Noel, Bidhya Sharma, Gail L. Chmura
Summary: Disturbed salt marshes may recover without additional management if tidal inundation is restored. Our study compared the invertebrate biota of a restored marsh to a reference site and found that the recovering marsh had higher species richness and biodiversity.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Hao Liu, Xiao Xu, Chenhao Zhou, Jiayuan Zhao, Bo Li, Ming Nie
Summary: Root traits play a significant role in regulating plant growth and ecosystem functioning. This study found that the root traits of exotic Spartina alterniflora were more sensitive to changing soil nutrient availability compared to native Phragmites australis. Climate and soil nutrient availability had different effects on the productivity of the two species, with root traits playing a species-specific role in mediating these effects.
Article
Ecology
Binyue Kang, Xiaoqin Chen, Zhibo Du, Weiqing Meng, Hongyuan Li
Summary: Due to their geographical position and high carbon storage potential, coastal salt marshes are important for blue carbon and have a crucial role in climate regulation and carbon neutrality targets. However, mapping salt marsh carbon stocks accurately on a regional scale is still challenging. In this study, a framework for mapping salt marsh carbon stocks was developed using machine learning models and vegetation index biomass inversion models. Using Sentinel-2 time series images and field survey data, a 10-m map of salt marsh carbon stocks in the Tianjin coastal zone was produced. The results provide valuable information for blue carbon accounting and nature-based solutions.
ECOSYSTEM HEALTH AND SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Maria Menendez-Miguelez, Rafael Calama, Miren Del Rio, Guillermo Madrigal, Eduardo Lopez-Senespleda, Marta Pardos, Ricardo Ruiz-Peinado
Summary: Biomass models are crucial for accurately estimating aboveground biomass and carbon storage. Existing models are mostly developed for adult trees and rarely for early reforestation stages. This study developed species-specific and generalized models for the main 14 tree species used in reforestations in Spain. The new models provide more accurate and unbiased predictions of aboveground biomass in the first years after reforestation compared to existing models for adult trees.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tyler W. dD'Entremont, Juan C. Lopez-Gutierrez, Allison K. Walker
Summary: Salt marshes play essential roles in coastal stability and marine ecosystems, but are facing decline due to anthropogenic and natural causes. This study demonstrates that using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can significantly improve survival and growth of salt marsh grass, especially when using rhizome-derived plants inoculated with propagated Funneliformis geosporum. This finding suggests potential for using AMF-inoculated plants in large-scale salt marsh restoration efforts.
Article
Ecology
Lenka Moulisova, Hana Cizkova, Jiri Dusek, Marian Kazda
Summary: This study focuses on the biomass and structural traits of the belowground parts of Phragmites australis in a constructed wetland. The results show that the rhizome biomass increases in the initial years after planting and reaches different levels in the inflow and outflow parts. The structural traits of the roots also vary between the two parts. These findings highlight the importance of belowground plant parts as a carbon source in constructed wetlands.
ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Corianne Tatariw, Behzad Mortazavi, Taylor C. Ledford, Sommer F. Starr, Erin Smyth, Abigail Griffin Wood, Lorae T. Simpson, Julia A. Cherry
Summary: Human activities have led to a decrease in global salt marsh surface area, prompting the construction of marshes in terrestrial systems to mitigate this loss. While constructed marshes can rapidly recover ecosystem structure, the recovery of biogeochemical processes may be slow. Comparing denitrification and DNRA rates between excavation-created and natural reference salt marshes can help assess the recovery of ecosystem function.
RESTORATION ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sarah C. Crosby, Nicole C. Spiller, Devan S. Healy, Lauren Brideau, Luke M. Stewart, Jamie M. P. Vaudrey, Kasey E. Tietz, Peter J. Fraboni
Summary: Excess nitrogen in coastal waters poses a threat to ecosystems, particularly salt marshes, but studies in Long Island Sound suggest that its role in driving salt marsh loss may be less significant than previously thought. Eutrophication continues to be a critical issue for these ecosystems despite aggressive nitrogen reduction efforts in the region.
ESTUARIES AND COASTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaoxiang Zhao, Qiuxiang Tian, Lin Huang, Qiaoling Lin, Junjun Wu, Feng Liu
Summary: Nitrogen deposition has complex effects on fine root traits in forest ecosystems, mainly affecting root nutrient content and stoichiometry. Additionally, it increases fine root respiration and decreases fine root biomass, root tissue density, and fungal colonization with longer duration of N deposition. Fine root traits are also regulated by abiotic factors such as N form, forest type, and soil depth.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yiyang Xu, Tarandeep S. Kalra, Neil K. Ganju, Sergio Fagherazzi
Summary: This study used a 3D fully coupled modeling system to simulate the final vegetation cover and timescale of salt marshes under different forcing conditions. The simulations showed that sediment concentration, settling velocity, sea level rise, and tidal range each had different impacts on the equilibrium coverage and timescale of marshes.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Nigel A. Temple, Eric L. Sparks, Bret M. Webb, Just Cebrian, Matthew F. Virden, Andrew E. Lucore, Haley B. Moss
Summary: Research on salt marsh plants' response to wave climate gradient revealed that while the basal diameter of shoots in Juncus roemerianus and Spartina alterniflora declined linearly with increasing wave climate, other plant responses such as shoot height, biomass, and density were not affected by wave climate. Incorporating plant features important for wave attenuation in coastal modeling could lead to improved conservation, restoration, and enhancement projects.
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chuang Jin, Zheng Gong, Lei Shi, Kun Zhao, Rafael O. Tinoco, Jorge E. San Juan, Liang Geng, Giovanni Coco
Summary: Salt marshes play a key role in attenuating wave energy and promoting sedimentation necessary to potentially adapt to sea level rise. The soil surface elevation in the marsh region varies spatially and temporally as a function of marsh topography, inundation frequency, and distance to the salt marsh edge. The sedimentation rate reduces linearly shoreward and is highest around the mean high-water level, moving towards the edge of the salt marsh with marsh extension and increasing soil surface elevation.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ya-Nan Tang, Jun Ma, Jing-Xian Xu, Wan-Ben Wu, Yuan-Chen Wang, Hai-Qiang Guo
Summary: This study mapped the spatial distributions of salt marsh communities and their aboveground biomass (AGB) using image and LiDAR data acquired by a UAV. The results showed that the AGB estimation model based on UAV-LiDAR data and a random forest algorithm had high accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Ying Zhao, Zhong Peng, Qing He, Yuxi Ma
Summary: This study examines the wave attenuation over combinations of different vegetation types on tidal flats. The results show that the impact of vegetation combinations lies between that of individual vegetation types. The study proposes an empirical formula for calculating the wave transmission coefficient, taking into account multiple vegetation characteristics.
