4.5 Article

The evaluation of rainfall influence on combined sewer overflows characteristics: the Berlin case study

Journal

WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 68, Issue 12, Pages 2683-2690

Publisher

IWA PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.2166/wst.2013.524

Keywords

canonical correlation; CSO; online monitoring; partial least squares regression; UV-Vis spectrometry

Funding

  1. Veolia Water and Berliner Wasserbetriebe

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The present study aims to explore the relationship between rainfall variables and water quality/quantity characteristics of combined sewer overflows (CSOs), by the use of multivariate statistical methods and online measurements at a principal CSO outlet in Berlin (Germany). Canonical correlation results showed that the maximum and average rainfall intensities are the most influential variables to describe CSO water quantity and pollutant loads whereas the duration of the rainfall event and the rain depth seem to be the most influential variables to describe CSO pollutant concentrations. The analysis of partial least squares (PLS) regression models confirms the findings of the canonical correlation and highlights three main influences of rainfall on CSO characteristics: (i) CSO water quantity characteristics are mainly influenced by the maximal rainfall intensities, (ii) CSO pollutant concentrations were found to be mostly associated with duration of the rainfall and (iii) pollutant loads seemed to be principally influenced by dry weather duration before the rainfall event. The prediction quality of PLS models is rather low (R-2 < 0.6) but results can be useful to explore qualitatively the influence of rainfall on CSO characteristics.

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