Journal
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Volume 26, Issue 8, Pages 2301-2321Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11269-012-0018-0
Keywords
Valves; Water distribution systems; Multi-objective algorithm; System reliability; Pressure-driven
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Funding
- Emilia-Romagna Regional Council (Italy)
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In this paper, two procedures for assessing water demand shortfalls following segment isolation are compared. The first (topological) procedure is based on a simple topological network analysis, and identifies the water demand shortfall as the water demand (under normal operational conditions) relative to the directly and/or indirectly isolated segment (s). The second (hydraulic) procedure is based on a pressure-driven hydraulic simulation of the network after segment isolation. Each of the two procedures was applied to two case studies, and the reliability (expressed in terms of maximum D-max and weighted average (D) over bar water demand shortfall) and economic burden (expressed in terms of number N-val or cost C-val of installed valves) of the resulting isolation valve system solution were compared. As a whole, the results show that network analysis and redesign are affected by the choice of the global variables (D-max or (D) over bar) used to characterize the demand shortfalls in network segments. Analysis of the case studies is followed by a discussion of the rationale behind the choice between the two procedures, which needs to balance accurate demand shortfall characterization with limited computation times, particularly in the multi-objective design stage.
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