Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jean de Montigny, Evelyne Sernagor, Roman Bauer
Summary: Individual retinal cell types form semi-regular spatial patterns known as retinal mosaics, and retinal ganglion cells and starburst amacrine cells are examples of such patterns. The mechanisms behind mosaic formation involve homotypic cell interactions, cell migration, and cell death. By using experiments in mice and an agent-based simulation framework called BioDynaMo, researchers aim to understand the formation of retinal mosaics. They find that cell migration is the main contributing factor to the regularity of the mosaic pattern. They also propose that the regular spacing of retinal ganglion cells may not be a necessary criterion for the formation of a specific type of retinal ganglion cell. Furthermore, the study explores the formation of starburst amacrine cell mosaics and the interactions between the ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer populations. They suggest that homotypic interactions between these populations are crucial for reproducing the observed characteristics of starburst amacrine cell mosaics, indicating that the two populations may not be independent during retinal development.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adam Mani, Xinzhu Yang, Tiffany A. Zhao, Megan L. Leyrer, Daniel Schreck, David M. Berson
Summary: This study reveals the role of VGluT3 cells in limiting the speed range of OKN. It enhances our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of retinal cell response to fast motion.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John A. Gaynes, Samuel A. Budoff, Michael J. Grybko, Joshua B. Hunt, Alon Poleg-Polsky
Summary: Antagonistic interactions between center and surround receptive field components are crucial in visual computations. We found that bipolar cells enhance responses to objects in their receptive field and show altered dynamics during continuous motion.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Akihiro Matsumoto, Weaam Agbariah, Stella Solveig Nolte, Rawan Andrawos, Hadara Levi, Shai Sabbah, Keisuke Yonehara
Summary: Through two-photon glutamate imaging, it was discovered that direction selectivity arises early at bipolar cell outputs, with individual bipolar cells containing distinct populations of axon terminal boutons with different preferred directions. Tuning at these boutons relies on cholinergic excitation and GABAergic inhibition, contributing to the incremental refinement of directional tuning in the excitatory visual pathway.
Article
Biology
Prerna Srivastava, Geoff de Rosenroll, Akihiro Matsumoto, Tracy Michaels, Zachary Turple, Varsha Jain, Santhosh Sethuramanujam, Benjamin L. Murphy-Baum, Keisuke Yonehara, Gautam Bhagwan Awatramani
Summary: In this study, the input kinetics across individual starburst dendrites were directly measured using a two-photon glutamate sensor. The study found that signals from proximal dendrites were relatively sustained, mainly influenced by excitatory network interactions. Computational modeling demonstrated the importance of input kinetics in shaping direction selectivity. These results provide support for the "space-time wiring" model.
Article
Ophthalmology
Agustina Noailles, Oksana Kutsyr, Aloma Mayordomo-Febrer, Pedro Lax, Maria Lopez-Murcia, Silvia M. Sanz-Gonzalez, Maria Dolores Pinazo-Duran, Nicolas Cuenca
Summary: By studying a rat model of chronic glaucoma, it was found that intraocular injections of sodium hyaluronate result in increased intraocular pressure and changes in retinal morphology, similar to the characteristics of human open-angle glaucoma.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Chaimaa Kinane, Hugo Calligaro, Antonin Jandot, Christine Coutanson, Nasser Haddjeri, Mohamed Bennis, Ouria Dkhissi-Benyahya
Summary: The mammalian retina contains an autonomous circadian clock that controls various aspects of retinal physiology and function, including dopamine release by amacrine cells. Bidirectional regulation between dopaminergic cells and melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells has been demonstrated. The study found that dopamine modulates the molecular core of the clock through melanopsin-dependent regulation of acetylcholine retinal waves.
Article
Biology
Jennifer Ding, Albert Chen, Janet Chung, Hector Acaron Ledesma, Mofei Wu, David M. Berson, Stephanie E. Palmer, Wei Wei
Summary: The study reveals that On-Off DSGCs have spatially displaced glutamatergic receptive fields, contributing to specific spiking responses during interrupted motion trajectories. Theoretical analysis suggests that under different stimulus conditions, On-Off DSGCs may collectively signal the spatial location of moving objects in complex visual environments, showcasing the utilization of separate mechanisms by the direction-selective circuit.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xinxin Ge, Kathy Zhang, Alexandra Gribizis, Ali S. Hamodi, Aude Martinez Sabino, Michael C. Crair
Summary: The study found that during neonatal mouse development, the spatial propagation pattern of spontaneous retinal waves resembles the optic flow pattern generated by forward self-motion, playing an important role in development. Wave directionality requires the same circuit components as the adult direction-selective retinal circuit, and disrupting wave directionality alters the development of direction-selective responses of superior colliculus neurons.
Article
Cell Biology
Chase B. Hellmer, Leo M. Hall, Jeremy M. Bohl, Zachary J. Sharpe, Robert G. Smith, Tomomi Ichinose
Summary: Cholinergic feedback from starburst amacrine cells to certain bipolar cells via alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors promotes direction-selective signaling, contributing to motion detection. These findings highlight the role of bipolar cells in enhancing direction-selective signaling in retinal microcircuits.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Steven Hughes, Jessica K. Edwards, Ashleigh G. Wilcox, Carina A. Pothecary, Alun R. Barnard, Russell Joynson, Greg Joynson, Mark W. Hankins, Stuart N. Peirson, Gareth Banks, Patrick M. Nolan
Summary: Mutations in the transcription factor ZFHX3 have been shown to affect circadian rhythms in mice, with further investigation revealing its impact on retinal function, particularly in altered light responses and increased sensitivity to pupillary reflexes.
Article
Neurosciences
William N. Grimes, Didem Goz Ayturk, Mrinalini Hoon, Takeshi Yoshimatsu, Clare Gamlin, Daniel Carrera, Amurta Nath, Francisco M. Nadal-Nicolas, Richard M. Ahlquist, Adit Sabnis, David M. Berson, Jeffrey S. Diamond, Rachel O. Wong, Connie Cepko, Fred Rieke
Summary: This study introduces a previously unstudied inhibitory amacrine cell, named MAC, that is directly coupled to Muller glia in the mouse retina. MACs release glycine at chemical synapses and show selective connections with a subpopulation of retinal ganglion cell types.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Todd Stincic, Jacqueline Gayet-Primo, W. Rowland Taylor, Teresa Puthussery
Summary: The study shows that TARP gamma 2 is associated with AMPARs in the synaptic layers of the retina in different species. Lack of TARP gamma 2 expression in stargazer mice leads to reduced synaptic expression of GluA2, GluA3, and GluA4 and smaller light-evoked EPSCs in ON-SACs. This suggests that TARP gamma 2 is required for normal synaptic expression and function of AMPARs in the inner retina.
Article
Neurosciences
Espen Hartveit, Margaret Lin Veruki, Bas-Jan Zandt
Summary: Through experiments on amacrine cells in the retina, this study found that these cells have the ability to integrate inputs locally and globally. Local integration occurs in specific regions of the dendrites and over shorter time periods, while global integration occurs throughout the entire dendritic tree and is significantly influenced by electrical coupling strength. These integrative properties allow amacrine cells to control synaptic plasticity both locally and globally, which is of great significance.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Silke Haverkamp, Matthias Mietsch, Kevin L. Briggman
Summary: This study provides a first-time description of the structural characteristics and morphological differences of the common marmoset retina. The finding of misplaced ganglion cells and misplaced bipolar cell axon terminals has important implications for future research on the physiological and functional impact.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
(2022)