Journal
VISUAL NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 29, Issue 1, Pages 31-39Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S0952523811000204
Keywords
G protein-coupled receptors; Sphingosine-1-phosphate; Modulation; Lipid signaling
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Funding
- NIH [EY012204]
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Amacrine cells receive glutamatergic input from bipolar cells and GABAergic, glycinergic, cholinergic, and dopaminergic input from other amacrine cells. Glutamate, GABA, glycine, and acetylcholine (ACh) interact with ionotropic receptors and it is these interactions that form much of the functional circuitry in the inner retina. However, glutamate. GABA, ACh, and dopamine also activate metabotropic receptors linked to second messenger pathways that have the potential to modify the function of individual cells as well as retinal circuitry. Here, the physiological effects of activating dopamine receptors, metabotropic glutamate receptors, GABA(B) receptors, and muscarinic ACh receptors on amacrine cells will be discussed. The retina also expresses metabotropic receptors and the biochemical machinery associated with the synthesis and degradation of endocannabinoids and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). The effects of activating cannabinoid receptors and SIP receptors on amacrine cell function will also be addressed.
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