Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eun Hee Hong, Jin-Ju Yang, Yeji Yeon, Hyun Soo Cho, Ji Young Lee, Won June Lee, Yu Jeong Kim, Yeji Moon, Han Woong Lim
Summary: The aim of this study is to quantitatively investigate the microstructural properties of the optic nerve (ON) in vivo using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in patients with unilateral optic atrophy (OA) and to determine their association with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness of the optic nerve head (ONH). Results showed that patients with OA had lower FA and higher MD and RD in the atrophic ON compared to the non-affected and control ONs. Additionally, all DTI measures of the atrophic ON were significantly correlated with RNFL thickness of ONH, with FA showing the strongest correlation. These findings suggest the potential of DTI as a clinical tool for evaluating the ON.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Darius W. Lambiri, Leonard A. Levin
Summary: This study models and explores the influence of H2O2 on axonal degeneration in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). It finds that zonal oxidative stress correlated with H2O2 gradients is associated with the observed injury patterns in LHON. Small injuries may trigger cascading failures of neighboring axons. These findings are consistent with clinical observations of LHON.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Koung Mi Kang, Eun-Jung Choi, Woojin Jung, Jongho Lee, Seung Hong Choi, Yong Hwy Kim
Summary: This study found that diffusion tensor imaging and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging parameters were associated with visual field impairment and postoperative improvement in patients with sellar or parasellar tumors. This may help in predicting visual field improvement after surgery.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Anthony Arnold
Summary: The vascular supply of the optic nerve head is complex and remains unclear. Over the past 50 years, conflicting theories have evolved due to different research techniques used to study the contributions of various blood vessels.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jean-Baptiste Davion, Caroline Jougleux, Renaud Lopes, Xavier Leclerc, Olivier Outteryck
Summary: This study investigates the impact of asymptomatic optic nerve lesions on cognition and brain volume in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The results show significant associations between retinal OCT measures and extra-visual parameters, but these associations are only present when asymptomatic optic nerve DIR-hypersignal is detected on MRI.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
James R. Tribble, Anna Hagstrom, Kenza Jusseaume, Emma Lardner, Raymond Ching-Bong Wong, Gustav Stalhammar, Pete A. Williams
Summary: Glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness, lacks effective treatments targeting the neurodegenerative component. Utilizing RNA sequencing data and antibody labeling in human eyes, the study identified that retinal ganglion cells express the NAD salvage pathway, particularly the enzyme NMNAT2, which declines in glaucoma. This suggests that retinal ganglion cells can utilize nicotinamide and offers potential for clinical trials in glaucoma.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jayant Venkatramani Iyer, Michael Boland, Joan Jefferys, Harry Quigley
Summary: This study aimed to identify objective criteria for defining glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and perimetry, for comparisons in clinical research. Results showed that the best definitional choice included abnormal OCT superior or inferior nerve fiber layer quadrant with matching Glaucoma Hemifield Test.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Matthew Boyko, Oana Dumitrascu, Amit M. Saindane, Joseph M. Hoxworth, Ranliang Hu, Tanya Rath, Wesley Chan, Alexis M. Flowers, Ehab Harahsheh, Parth Parikh, Omer Elshaigi, Benjamin Meyer, Nancy J. Newman, Valerie Biousse
Summary: This study found that there were differences in agreement and interpretation accuracy among neuroradiologists in the identification of DWI-H on standard MRI in non-arteritic CRAO patients. DWI-H was identified in 42.6% of patients in the study, and it was more accurately detected in the retina than in the optic nerve. Further studies are needed with standardized novel MRI protocols.
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Heung-Sun Kwon, Karl Kevala, Haohua Qian, Mones Abu-Asab, Samarjit Patnaik, Juan Marugan, Hee-Yong Kim
Summary: Functional recovery after axonal injury in the adult central nervous system is extremely difficult. Activation of G-protein coupled receptor 110 (GPR110, ADGRF1) has been found to stimulate neurite extension in developing neurons and after axonal injury in adult mice. This study demonstrates that GPR110 activation partially restores impaired visual function caused by optic nerve injury in adult mice. Intravitreal injection of GPR110 ligands significantly reduces axonal degeneration and improves axonal integrity and visual function, indicating that targeting GPR110 may be a viable strategy for functional recovery after optic nerve injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ting-Yi Lin, Claudia Chien, Joseph Kuchling, Susanna Asseyer, Seyedamirhosein Motamedi, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Tanja Schmitz-Huebsch, Klemens Ruprecht, Alexander U. Brandt, Hanna G. Zimmermann, Friedemann Paul
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal association between optic radiation (OR) lesion activity and retinal neuroaxonal damage, as well as its role in correlations between retinal and brain atrophy in patients with clinically isolated syndrome and early multiple sclerosis (MS). The results showed that a faster rate of macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thinning was associated with increased OR lesion load, indicating the value of this parameter as a sensitive biomarker for posterior visual pathway pathology and global brain neurodegeneration.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Andrew R. Carey, Brandi R. Page, Neil Miller
Summary: Radiation therapy is a commonly used treatment modality for tumors in the head and neck as well as the CNS. However, with new oncology treatments allowing for longer survival, complications from radiation therapy, such as radiation-induced optic neuropathy, are becoming more common. Early recognition and treatment are crucial in preventing severe vision loss.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Jonathan C. Horton, Mikayla D. Dilbeck, John R. Economides
Summary: This study examined the course of fibres through the optic chiasm by injecting different fluorescent tracers into each eye of a monkey. It found that a distinct, central compartment within the anterior two-thirds of the optic chiasm contains only crossing fibres, explaining why tumors often cause temporal visual field loss.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Daniel E. Harper, Kaundinya Gopinath, Jeremy L. Smith, Mia Gregory, Eric Ichesco, Sharon Aronovich, Richard E. Harris, Steven E. Harte, Daniel J. Clauw, Candace C. Fleischer
Summary: This study aimed to investigate differences in functional connectivity (FC) between patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and pain-free controls during a visual fMRI task. The findings suggest that TMD patients exhibit maladaptation of brain functional networks, likely due to deficits in multisensory integration, default mode network function, and visual attention caused by chronic pain mechanisms.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marcel Berger, Juliane Matlach, Susanne Pitz, Manfred Berres, Franz Axmacher, George J. Kahaly, Marc A. Brockmann, Matthias Mueller-Eschner
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate bony orbit remodeling and extraocular muscle volume in thyroid eye disease and their role in predicting dysthyroid optic neuropathy. The findings suggest that the angle of the medial orbital wall and the volume of the medial rectus muscle can be strong predictors for the development of dysthyroid optic neuropathy in patients with thyroid eye disease.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marco Pisa, Jonathan Pansieri, Sydney Yee, Jennifer Ruiz, Isabel M. Leite, Jacqueline Palace, Giancarlo Comi, Margaret M. Esiri, Letizia Leocani, Gabriele C. DeLuca
Summary: The anterior optic pathway is often affected in CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases, with optic neuritis as a common symptom. However, optic nerve involvement can also be subclinical. This study investigates the pathological basis of these findings and shows that chronic inflammation leads to neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica.
Article
Ophthalmology
Mark Christopher, Christopher Bowd, Akram Belghith, Michael H. Goldbaum, Robert N. Weinreb, Massimo A. Fazio, Christopher A. Girkin, Jeffrey M. Liebmann, Linda M. Zangwill
Article
Ophthalmology
Hanruo Liu, Liu Li, I. Michael Wormstone, Chunyan Qiao, Chun Zhang, Ping Liu, Shuning Li, Huaizhou Wang, Dapeng Mou, Ruiqi Pang, Diya Yang, Linda M. Zangwill, Sasan Moghimi, Huiyuan Hou, Christopher Bowd, Lai Jiang, Yihan Chen, Man Hu, Yongli Xu, Hong Kang, Xin Ji, Robert Chang, Clement Tham, Carol Cheung, Daniel Shu Wei Ting, Tien Yin Wong, Zulin Wang, Robert N. Weinreb, Mai Xu, Ningli Wang
JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Ophthalmology
Brandon J. Wong, Sasan Moghimi, Linda M. Zangwill, Mark Christopher, Akram Belghith, Eren Ekici, Christopher Bowd, Massimo A. Fazio, Christopher A. Girkin, Robert N. Weinreb
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Ophthalmology
Huiyuan Hou, Sasan Moghimi, James A. Proudfoot, Elham Ghahari, Rafaella C. Penteado, Christopher Bowd, Diya Yang, Robert N. Weinreb
Article
Ophthalmology
Christopher Bowd, Akram Belghith, James A. Proudfoot, Linda M. Zangwill, Mark Christopher, Michael H. Goldbaum, Huiyuan Hou, Rafaella C. Penteado, Sasan Moghimi, Robert N. Weinreb
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Ophthalmology
Eren Ekici, Sasan Moghimi, Christopher Bowd, Huiyuan Hou, Rafaella C. Penteado, James Proudfoot, Diya Yang, Robert N. Weinreb
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Ophthalmology
Mark Christopher, Christopher Bowd, James A. Proudfoot, Akram Belghith, Michael H. Goldbaum, Jasmin Rezapour, Massimo A. Fazio, Christopher A. Girkin, Gustavo De Moraes, Jeffrey M. Liebmann, Robert N. Weinreb, Linda M. Zangwill
Summary: The study aimed to develop deep learning systems for estimating visual function from macula-centered SD OCT images and evaluated the diagnostic technology. The deep learning models achieved excellent results in estimating MD and PSD of 10-2 and 24-2 VFs, outperforming traditional thickness estimation models.
Article
Ophthalmology
Jasmin Rezapour, James A. Proudfoot, Christopher Bowd, Jade Dohleman, Mark Christopher, Akram Belghith, Suzanne M. Vega, Keri Dirkes, Min Hee Suh, Jost B. Jonas, Leslie Hyman, Massimo A. Fazio, Ruti Sella, Natalie A. Afshari, Robert N. Weinreb, Linda M. Zangwill
Summary: The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of Bruch membrane opening (BMO) location accuracy and visibility in glaucoma and healthy individuals. The study found that axial high myopia, larger axial length, larger BMO tilt angle, lower BMO ovality index, and glaucoma diagnosis were significant predictors of BMO location inaccuracy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Christopher Bowd, Akram Belghith, Linda M. Zangwill, Mark Christopher, Michael H. Goldbaum, Rui Fan, Jasmin Rezapour, Sasan Moghimi, Alireza Kamalipour, Huiyuan Hou, Robert N. Weinreb
Summary: Deep learning analysis of en face vessel density images using convolutional neural networks improves classification of healthy and glaucomatous eyes compared to feature-based gradient boosting classifier models.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Christopher Bowd, Akram Belghith, Jasmin Rezapour, Mark Christopher, Leslie Hyman, Jost B. Jonas, Robert N. Weinreb, Linda M. Zangwill
Summary: This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of a novel optical coherence tomography texture-based en face image analysis (SALSA-Texture) for glaucoma detection in eyes with high myopia, and compared it with standard macular parameters. The results showed that the texture-based analysis method performed better in discriminating between glaucomatous and healthy eyes with high myopia compared to traditional retinal layer segmentation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Mark Christopher, Pourya Hoseini, Evan Walker, James A. Proudfoot, Christopher Bowd, Massimo A. Fazio, Christopher A. Girkin, Carlos Gustavo De Moraes, Jeffrey M. Liebmann, Robert N. Weinreb, Armin Schwartzman, Linda M. Zangwill, Derek S. Welsbie
Summary: The study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a deep learning regression method in predicting the thickness of macula ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) and optic nerve head (ONH) retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) for glaucoma neuroprotection clinical trials. The deep learning models accurately estimated the thickness of GCIPL and RNFL in the macula and ONH, which may help reduce clinical trial sample size requirements.
OPHTHALMOLOGY GLAUCOMA
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Rui Fan, Christopher Bowd, Nicole Brye, Mark Christopher, Robert N. Weinreb, David J. Kriegman, Linda M. Zangwill
Summary: This article introduces a method for low-shot learning and semi-supervised learning for fundus images. By extending the Siamese network and introducing new training methods, the accuracy can be improved with limited labeled data, and additional unlabeled data can be used for training to achieve higher accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and generalizability of this method in fundus image datasets under different conditions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Mohammad Zhalechian, Mark P. Van Oyen, Mariel S. Lavieri, Carlos Gustavo De Moraes, Christopher A. Girkin, Massimo A. Fazio, Robert N. Weinreb, Christopher Bowd, Jeffrey M. Liebmann, Linda M. Zangwill, Christopher A. Andrews, Joshua D. Stein
Summary: The study aims to assess the predictive accuracy of machine learning algorithms using Kalman filtering for forecasting future values of global indices on perimetry, showing that adding global RNFL data minimally enhances predictive accuracy, and model performance is influenced by the racial composition of the training and testing sets.
OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Sasan Moghimi, Linda M. Zangwill, Huiyuan Hou, Brandon Wong, James Proudfoot, Rafaella C. Penteado, Eren Ekici, Christopher Bowd, Robert N. Weinreb
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate racial differences in optic nerve head peripapillary capillary density measured by OCT angiography in patients with open-angle glaucoma. The results showed that despite similar age and glaucoma severity, European descent patients had significantly lower capillary density compared to African descent patients. This suggests that the diagnostic performance of capillary density is race dependent, with poorer performance in African descent patients.
OPHTHALMOLOGY GLAUCOMA
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Christopher A. Girkin, Massimo A. Fazio, Christopher Bowd, Felipe A. Medeiros, Robert N. Weinreb, Jeffrey M. Liebmann, James Proudfoot, Linda M. Zangwill, Akram Belghith
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Ryan P. Silk, Hanagh R. Winter, Ouria Dkhissi-Benyahya, Carmella Evans -Molina, Alan W. Stitt, Vijay K. Tiwari, David A. Simpson, Eleni Beli
Summary: This study investigates whether diabetes affects the daily rhythm of gene expression in the retina. The results show that diabetic mice exhibited phase advancement in the expression of certain genes compared to non-diabetic mice. The study also identified oxygen-sensing mechanisms and HIF1alpha as potential upstream regulators. These findings provide important insights into the development of diabetic retinopathy.
Article
Neurosciences
Krishnamachari S. Prahalad, Daniel R. Coates
Summary: Visual stimuli presented around the time of a saccade can be perceived differently by the visual system, including a reduction in the harmful impact of flankers. This study investigated the effects of microsaccades on crowded stimuli placed 20 arc minutes from the center of gaze. The findings suggest two separate pre-saccadic benefits, one that regularizes the crowding zone and another that specifically benefits microsaccade targets surrounded by tangential flankers.
Article
Neurosciences
Chandrika Ravisankar, Christopher W. Tyler, Clifton M. Schor, Shrikant R. Bharadwaj
Summary: This study revealed that less than one-third of adults with normal binocular vision were able to successfully free-fuse random-dot image pairs and identify the embedded stereoscopic shapes. The successful participants showed a dissociation of vergence and accommodative responses, while the unsuccessful ones either exhibited strong vergence and accommodation or weak vergence and strong accommodation. Task performance of the unsuccessful cluster improved significantly with pharmacological paralysis of accommodation. A minority of participants also learned to dissociate one direction of their vergence and accommodation crosslinks with repeated free-fusion trials, optimizing their task performance.