Article
Immunology
Justine Lagisquet, Marcus Conrad, Sabine Wittmann, Bianca Volkmann, Hannah Weissinger, Heinrich Sticht, Thomas Gramberg
Summary: The intracellular restriction factor TRIM5a inhibits endogenous LINE-1 retroelements and activates innate immune signaling cascades upon sensing cytoplasmic LINE-1 complexes, protecting the human genome. A frequent SNP within the RING domain of TRIM5a, resulting in the H43Y variant, blocks LINE-1 retrotransposition with higher efficiency and triggers a strong block of the LINE-1 promoter. The H43Y allele lost its antiviral function, suggesting that its enhanced activity against endogenous LINE-1 elements is the reason for its persistence within the population.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lluis Espinosa, Laura Marruecos
Summary: I kappa B alpha is known for inhibiting the NF-kappa B signaling pathway, but alterations found in cancer may be associated with either NF-kappa B-dependent or NF-kappa B-independent activities of the protein.
Article
Oncology
Xin Liu, Shenglin Zhang, Yi Dong, Yunpeng Xie, Qingshan Li
Summary: Gliomas, the most common primary brain tumors in adults, present clinical challenges due to their infiltrative growth patterns and high relapse tendencies. This study identified SENP1 as an upregulated SUMOylation regulator in gliomas and demonstrated its association with poor prognoses. Mechanistically, SENP1 inhibited SIRT1 expression through de-SUMOylation, leading to the activation of NF-kappa B and promotion of glioma cell malignant phenotype. This suggests that SENP1-mediated de-SUMOylation of SIRT1 could have therapeutic implications for gliomas.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Seonhwa Kim, Na-Yeon Kim, Jae-Young Park, Hyo-Min Park, Chae-Min Lim, Jinju Kim, Hee Pom Lee, Jin Tae Hong, Do-Young Yoon
Summary: MMPP is a novel synthetic analog that exerts anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects by downregulating the STAT3 pathway and enhancing glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity. It can inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines and COX-2 in LPS-stimulated monocytes. MMPP directly binds to CD14 and MD2, inhibits the activation of NF-kappa B and JNK/AP-1 pathways, and shows anti-inflammatory activity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junsheng Liu, Jun Liu, Liu Liu, Guangwen Zhang, Xichun Peng
Summary: Researchers found that dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis and APS-ameliorated osteoporosis altered the gene expression profile of the intestine, resulting in intestinal dysfunction. APS was able to restore intestinal functions by affecting 53 differentially expressed genes, contributing to the improvement of osteoporosis. This study supports the concept of a gut-bone axis and suggests new therapeutic opportunities for osteoporosis treatment through this axis.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiaoyu Zhang, Yuan Kang, Ximeng Li, Yunfeng Huang, Ruijuan Qi, Yixin Han, Runlan Cai, Yuan Gao, Yun Qi
Summary: Potentilla discolor Bunge (PD) is a traditional Chinese medicine with strong anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the expressions of iNOS, TNF-α, and MCP-1, as well as inhibiting the activation of NF-kappa B and AP-1. The ethanol extract of the whole herbs of PD (EPD) shows promising therapeutic potential for inflammatory diseases, especially intestinal inflammation, through its ability to modulate inflammatory mediators and signaling pathways.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Chao Zhu, Wei Chen, Haiming Cui, Zhigang Huang, Ru Ding, Na Li, Qinqin Wang, Feng Wu, Yanmin Zhao, Xiaoliang Cong
Summary: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) promotes the expression of TRIM64, enhancing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and the expression of downstream molecules. TRIM64 interacts with I kappa B alpha, promoting I kappa B alpha ubiquitination to activate the NF-kappa B signaling pathway. TRIM64 and NF-kappa B form a positive feedback mechanism in the development of atherosclerosis.
CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yingxin Ma, Guobin Mao, Guoqiang Wu, Xian-En Zhang
Summary: This study observed the sequential relationship between viral uncoating and reverse transcription by real-time imaging of single HIV-1 particles. It was found that the reverse transcription process can be delayed by using the reverse transcriptase inhibitor nevirapine. This study is of significant importance for the development of antiviral drugs.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ying Lu, Bo Li, Axiang Xu, Xuan Liang, Tao Xu, Huan Jin, Ye Xie, Rong Wang, Xiaohong Liu, Xiaohong Gao, Yong Han, Junwei Zeng
Summary: TLR4 and Cx43 signaling are involved in the development of neuropathic pain. In this study, it was found that TLR4 signaling is associated with the expression of MCP-1, CXCL1, and Cx43 in LPS-treated rat dorsal spinal cord astrocytes. Activation of TLR4 led to the activation of NF-kappa B and AP-1, resulting in the expression of MCP-1, CXCL1, and Cx43. Furthermore, Cx43 hemichannel activity increased and released MCP-1 and CXCL1.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jeong-Oog Lee, Yanyan Yang, Yu Tao, Young-Su Yi, Jae Youl Cho
Summary: This study investigates the anti-inflammatory role of ginsenosides from Korea red ginseng (KRG) in macrophages and their potential mechanism. The results suggest that ginsenosides inhibit the NF-kappa B and AP-1 signaling pathways, reducing the generation of inflammatory molecules and exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects.
JOURNAL OF GINSENG RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Weiling Li, Jialu Qiao, Qiang You, Shan Zong, Qian Peng, Yuchen Liu, Song Hu, Wei Liu, Shufen Li, Xiji Shu, Binlian Sun
Summary: COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to high-level expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, promoting rapid disease progression. Research found that Nsp5 can enhance cytokine expression by activating the NF-kappa B signaling pathway, with a novel mechanism identified for Nsp5 promoting cytokine production.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Chunyan Chen, Lin Li, Xiaomei Liu, Deqin Zhang, Yang Liu, Yuhong Li
Summary: This study investigated the effects of 23-O-acetylshengmanol-3-o-alpha-L-arabinoside (DA) on acute lung injury (ALI) and found that DA alleviated histopathological changes, reduced pulmonary edema, and inhibited excessive inflammatory reaction in lung tissue. Furthermore, DA downregulated the NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathway in lung tissue and the I kappa B/NF-kappa B and MAPKs/AP-1 pathways in macrophages, indicating its promising potential in the treatment of ALI.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Asmaa A. Gomaa, Hanan S. El-Abhar, Dalaal M. Abdallah, Azza S. Awad, Ayman A. Soubh
Summary: The study found that prasugrel has anti-ischemic potential in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion by modulating multiple pathways such as NF-kappa B, cAMP/PKA, and inhibiting GFAP and MDA.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ashrafullah Khan, Shafi Ullah Khan, Adnan Khan, Bushra Shal, Sabih Ur Rehman, Shaheed Ur Rehman, Thet Thet Htar, Salman Khan, Sirajudheen Anwar, Ahmed Alafnan, Kannan R. R. Rengasamy
Summary: Plants are an important source of drugs, and many plant-derived molecules have been used in clinical practice. This study investigated the effects of 22 natural compounds on the TLR-4/AP-1 signaling pathway, which is involved in inflammation. These compounds showed promising anti-inflammatory and drug-like properties.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Seo-Yeon Kim, Ahmed H. E. Hassan, Kyung-Sook Chung, Su-Yeon Kim, Hee-Soo Han, Hwi-Ho Lee, Seang-Hwan Jung, Kwang-Young Lee, Ji-Sun Shin, Eungyeong Jang, Seolmin Yoon, Yong Sup Lee, Kyung-Tae Lee
Summary: TMS-HDMF-5z demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the activities of nuclear factor-kappa B, activator protein-1, and signal transducers and activators of transcription 1/3, offering potential for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Mohamed S. H. Hassan, Ahmed Ali, Motamed Elsayed Mahmoud, Danah Altakrouni, Shahnas M. Najimudeen, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of different vaccination programs against Canadian DMV/1639 IBV and found that the autogenous inactivated DMV/1639 vaccine was more effective in reducing viral loads and boosting virus neutralization titers. Both vaccination programs provided significant protection against pathological effects.
Article
Virology
Wanda Christ, Jonas Klingstrom, Janne Tynell
Summary: The integrated stress response (ISR) is activated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, triggering translational arrest and inhibiting stress granule formation. However, the stress-responsive transcription factors ATF4 and CHOP are not induced. Different SARS-CoV-2 variants show variant-specific differences in ISR activation, suggesting potential impacts on pathogenesis and treatment strategies.
Article
Virology
Xiao Han, Hankun Xu, Yifan Weng, Rong Chen, Jidong Xu, Tong Cao, Renjie Sun, Ying Shan, Fang He, Weihuan Fang, Xiaoliang Li
Summary: Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) can inhibit the host innate immunity by decreasing the level of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and CSFV Npro can evade host antiviral immune response through upregulating HMGB1 acetylation.
Article
Virology
Sunjian Lyu, Fulei Xiong, Tianpeng Qi, Weifeng Shen, Qi Guo, Mingming Han, Li Liu, Weishao Bu, Julin Yuan, Bao Lou
Summary: This study identified and characterized a novel temperate A. hydrophila phage, P05B, which has strong lytic ability and stability across different temperatures and pH values.
Article
Virology
Siyuan Liu, Wei Chen, Raphael Nyaruaba, Shunlong Wang, Cihan Yang, Qun Wu, Ying Liu, Puyu Liu, Fei Wang, Jingling Wang, Zhiming Yuan, Dingwei Sun, Han Xia
Summary: Specific, sensitive, and reliable RT-qPCR assays for the detection of OYAV and EBIV have been successfully developed in this study. These assays hold great promise for their potential application in clinical and field samples in the future.
Article
Virology
Rui Wang, Qiang Sun, Jinbo Xiao, Congcong Wang, Xiaoliang Li, Jichen Li, Yang Song, Huanhuan Lu, Ying Liu, Shuangli Zhu, Zhijun Liu, Yong Zhang
Summary: Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) has emerged as an important agent causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Mutations in residue 64 of the virus have been found to increase resistance to ribavirin and decrease sensitivity to guanidine hydrochloride. This mutation also leads to increased replication fidelity and reduced pathogenicity. These findings provide a foundation for the development of a safe and effective live attenuated CVA6 vaccine.
Article
Virology
Yao Xiong, Keran Ma, Xiao Zou, Yantao Liang, Kaiyang Zheng, Tiancong Wang, Hong Zhang, Yue Dong, Ziyue Wang, Yundan Liu, Hongbing Shao, Andrew Mcminn, Min Wang
Summary: This study isolated a novel virus, vB_VviC_ZQ26, infecting Vibrio cyclitrophicus from coastal waters near Qingdao, China. It was found that vB_VviC_ZQ26 belongs to a new vibriophage-specific family, Coheviridae, and is mainly found in temperate and tropical epipelagic zones.
Article
Virology
Xing Li, Zhiping Ye, Ewan P. Plant
Summary: By analyzing clinical and cultured samples using the same bioinformatic pipeline, it was found that 5' copyback DVGs are prevalent in human clinical samples but not in cultured samples. Furthermore, there are differences in DVG production and composition between in vivo and in vitro infections.
Article
Virology
Shreya Banerjee, Rakesh Sarkar, Arpita Mukherjee, Suvrotoa Mitra, Animesh Gope, Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
Summary: Rotavirus is a major cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and continues to be a severe issue in underdeveloped nations. Recent research has shown that a long non-coding RNA called SLC7A11-AS1 is upregulated during rotavirus infection and plays a role in facilitating the virus's propagation by regulating intracellular glutathione and lipid peroxidation.
Article
Virology
Eiichi Hondo, Tetsufumi Katta, Ayato Sato, Naoya Kadofusa, Tomoki Ishibashi, Hiroshi Shimoda, Hirokazu Katoh, Atsuo Iida
Summary: Bat-borne emerging viruses, such as the Ebola virus and Nipah virus, pose a significant threat to public health. In this study, we identified micafungin as a potential antiviral drug against Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) and found that it inhibits viral release in human cells through activating the endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway. This research provides valuable insights into the development of effective treatments for future virus pandemics.
Article
Virology
M. Joubert, N. van den Berg, J. Theron, V. Swart
Summary: This study investigated the host gene expression in asymptomatic avocado nursery trees infected with Avocado sunblotch viroid (ASBVd) using RNA sequencing. The results showed that 631 genes were differentially expressed during infection, with 63% upregulated. ASBVd infection significantly affected plant defence responses, phytohormone networks, gene expression pathways, secondary metabolism, cellular transport, as well as protein modification and degradation. This study provides insights into the molecular interactions underlying avsunviroid-host interactions.
Article
Virology
Wanling Zhang, Haiyan Yang, Zhengyun Liu, Shengyu Wang, Tianyang Chen, Hong Song, Yunbin Xu, Fajin Li, Guo Luo, Huan Wang
Summary: EV71 infection leads to changes in mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in human neuroblastoma cells, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction that may contribute to nervous system dysfunction.
Article
Virology
Mikhail Oliveira Leastro, Elliot Watanabe Kitajima, Vicente Pallas, Jesus Angel Sanchez- Navarro
Summary: This study reports the construction and validation of an infectious cDNA clone of Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C) based on an agroinfection system. Agro-injected Nicotiana benthamiana plants showed localized lesions similar to the natural infection process. The virus recovered from the infected plant tissue could be mechanically transmitted between plants. The CiLV-C reverse genetic system provides a powerful molecular tool for unraveling the peculiarities of the citrus leprosis pathosystem.
Article
Virology
Manel Essaidi-Laziosi, Francisco J. Perez-Rodriguez, Catia Alvarez, Pascale Sattonnet-Roche, Giulia Torriani, Meriem Bekliz, Kenneth Adea, Matthias Lenk, Tasnim Suliman, Wolfgang Preiser, Marcel A. Mueller, Christian Drosten, Laurent Kaiser, Isabella Eckerle
Summary: This study found that the Omicron variant has different replication characteristics compared to other variants of concern, being able to efficiently produce infectious virus in nasal cells but not lung cells. In addition, the Delta and Omicron variants showed increased infection efficiency in A549 cells. These findings suggest that the variants of concern have better adaptation to humans but do not have an extended host range.
Article
Virology
Martin Faye, Modeste Name Faye, Babacar Ndiaye, Moussa Moise Diagne, Safietou Sankhe, Ndeye Marieme Top, Amadou Diallo, Cheikh Loucoubar, Ndongo Dia, Amadou Alpha Sall, Ousmane Faye
Summary: Genomic surveillance in Senegal since March 2020 has detected the emergence of Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 sublineages in June 2022. Next-generation sequencing and phylogeny analysis of isolates from a cluster of cases in Northern Senegal in July 2022 revealed that the BA.4 cases originated from a XAS recombinant, marking the first reported sequence of this variant from Senegal. Continuous genomic surveillance of positive SARS-CoV-2 samples is crucial.