Article
Microbiology
Lujia Zhou, Yang Yang, Qiqi Xia, Zhixin Guan, Junjie Zhang, Beibei Li, Yafeng Qiu, Ke Liu, Donghua Shao, Zhiyong Ma, Xiaodu Wang, Jianchao Wei
Summary: PRRS is an immunosuppressive disease in pigs caused by PRRSV, leading to reproductive and respiratory disorders. The predominant strain in Eastern China is still highly pathogenic PRRSV, with an increasing proportion of NADC30-like and NADC34-like strains. This study enriches the epidemiological data and provides a theoretical basis for the development of vaccines and prevention and control of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Alba Frias-De-Diego, Manuel Jara, Brittany M. Pecoraro, Elisa Crisci
Summary: This study reviewed the literature on PRRSV phylogenetics to characterize the spatiotemporal trends in single gene vs. whole genome evolutionary approaches, and conducted Bayesian phylodynamic analysis to compare the results and determine the pros and cons of each method. The study provides insights into the two main phylogenetic research lines applied for PRRSV evolution and the differences found when both methods are applied to the same database, serving as guidance for future research in this field.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Giovanni Franzo, Giulia Faustini, Matteo Legnardi, Mattia Cecchinato, Michele Drigo, Claudia Maria Tucciarone
Summary: This study investigates the molecular epidemiology patterns and determinants of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in Europe, with live pig trade identified as the major determinant of viral spread.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jiankui Liu, Ye Xu, Zhifeng Lin, Jialin Fan, Ailing Dai, Xiaoying Deng, Wan Mao, Xiaozi Huang, Xiaoyan Yang, Chunhua Wei
Summary: The study conducted in China from 2017 to 2019 showed that Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) can be transmitted via faeces between farms, with phylogenetic analysis revealing four main lineages.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Dike Jiang, Teng Tu, You Zhou, Yanwei Li, Yan Luo, Xueping Yao, Zexiao Yang, Meishen Ren, Yin Wang
Summary: This study investigated the PRRSV epidemic situation in Sichuan province, China, and identified HP-PRRSV as the predominant strain. A new PRRSV strain named SCSN2020 was isolated and characterized, showing high genomic similarity to the JXA1 strain. The study also demonstrated the pathogenicity of the SCSN2020 strain in piglets.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Min-A Lee, Usharani Jayaramaiah, Su-Hwa You, Eun-Gyeong Shin, Seung-Min Song, Lanjeong Ju, Seok-Jin Kang, Bang-Hun Hyun, Hyang-Sim Lee
Summary: This study collected serum and tissue samples between 2018 and 2022 to analyze the PRRSV types in Korea. Subgroup A was the most prevalent, followed by lineage 1, lineage 5, LKC, LKB, and subtype 1C. Highly virulent lineages 1 and 8 were detected, which can mutate or recombine with other viruses. The current vaccine in Korea offers limited protection, emphasizing the need for ongoing surveillance and region-specific immunization programs to reduce PRRSV infections.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ngoc Hai Nguyen, Hoang Anh Thu Tran, Trung Quan Nguyen, Phuong Binh Thi Nguyen, Thu Ha Thi Le, Danh Cong Lai, Minh Nam Nguyen
Summary: This study investigated the genetic diversity of PRRSV strains in clinical cases from 19 farms in Vietnam. The results revealed the presence of highly pathogenic and classical North American PRRSV subtypes, as well as a vaccine-like strain. The field isolates exhibited significant genetic differences from the vaccine strains, particularly in the GP5 antigenic regions. These findings provide important insights into the characteristics and vaccine effectiveness of PRRSV strains.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Giovani Trevisan, Aditi Sharma, Phillip Gauger, Karen M. Harmon, Jianqiang Zhang, Rodger Main, Michael Zeller, Leticia C. M. Linhares, Daniel C. L. Linhares
Summary: The genetic diversity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) varies over time and geographic space in the U.S. based on ISU-VDL data from 2007 to 2019. Analysis of 40,454 ORF5 sequences revealed significant differences within RFLP families, with certain RFLP types showing distinct distribution trends and clusters, aiding in the development of regional control programs and animal movement policies to minimize PRRSV transmission risk.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Wannarat Yim-im, Tavis K. Anderson, Igor A. D. Paploski, Kimberly Vanderwaal, Phillip Gauger, Karen Krueger, Mang Shi, Rodger Main, Jianqiang Zhang, Day-Yu Chao
Summary: In this study, a comprehensive analysis of 82,237 global porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus type 2 (PRRSV-2) open reading frame 5 sequences spanning from 1989 to 2021 refined the PRRSV-2 genetic classification system, defining 11 lineages and 21 sublineages, providing flexibility for future growth. The geographic distribution and temporal changes of PRRSV-2 were investigated in detail, offering valuable insights into the molecular epidemiology of global PRRSV-2. The study also made the reference sequences based on the refined genetic classification system available to the public, facilitating future epidemiological and diagnostic applications worldwide.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Wannarat Yim-im, Haiyan Huang, Ying Zheng, Ganwu Li, Gaurav Rawal, Phillip Gauger, Karen Krueger, Rodger Main, Jianqiang Zhang
Summary: In most cases, PRRSV ORF5 sequences from clinical samples and cell culture isolates matched each other. However, differences in PRRSV sequences between clinical samples and MARC-145 cell culture isolates can occasionally occur when the clinical sample contains >= 2 PRRSV-2 strains. Characterization of PRRSV sequences from clinical samples and cell culture isolates should be conducted before using isolates for producing autogenous vaccines or other applications.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Chao Li, Hu Xu, Jing Zhao, Bangjun Gong, Qi Sun, Lirun Xiang, Wansheng Li, Zhenyang Guo, Jinhao Li, Yan-dong Tang, Chaoliang Leng, Jinmei Peng, Qian Wang, Tongqing An, Xuehui Cai, Zhi-Jun Tian, Guohui Zhou, Hongliang Zhang
Summary: This study reported the prevalence and characteristics of PRRSV-1 on a large pig farm in mainland China, revealing considerable evolution of PRRSV-1 on the farm and providing reference for further prevention and control.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Ying Yu, Qiaoya Zhang, Zhi Cao, Yan-Dong Tang, Dasong Xia, Gang Wang, Hu Shan
Summary: PRRSV NADC30-like virus is a variant strain that originated from the NADC30 strain introduced into China. It has caused widespread outbreaks and major health challenges in swine production systems. Current vaccines and biosecurity measures have limited efficacy against this virus.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Natalia Ramos, Gabriela Betancour, Josefina Puig, Juan Arbiza
Summary: Data on PRRSV-2 in South America is limited, and a coordinated molecular characterization criterion is needed. Recent analysis revealed the presence of lineage 5 and the predominance of lineage 1 in South America, with lineage 1 further divided into sub-lineages. The identification of PRRSV-2 sequences of lineage 1 sub-lineage C in Uruguay, as well as the presence of sub-lineages 1G in Chile and 1A in Peru, were also reported. Continuous updating and cross-country investigations are necessary to control and prevent the emergence of genetic variants of PRRSV-2.
ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Xingdong Zhou, Sushu Bian, Enxi Kan, Lujia Zhou, Xiaohui Zhang, Min Xiao, Chang Lu, Ji Hua, Yuan Wu, Cheng Zhang, Yingshan Zhou, Wanyu Dong, Jing Du, Xiaodu Wang, Houhui Song
Summary: A new strain of PRRSV, PRRSV-HQ-2020, was discovered in nursery piglets in Yunnan Province, China in 2020. Genetic analysis revealed that PRRSV-HQ-2020 is a result of natural recombination events among three lineages of PRRSV-2 in Chinese swine herds. This recombination has led to the emergence of unique genetic properties and provides a basis for developing better PRRSV prevention strategies.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guoping Shu, Gangqiang Cao, Niannian Li, Aifang Wang, Fang Wei, Ting Li, Li Yi, Yunbi Xu, Yibo Wang
Summary: This study characterized the genetic diversity and population structure of maize germplasm in the China Summer maize ecological region using molecular techniques. The inbred lines were divided into different supergroups, groups, and subgroups based on genetic data and tag-SNPs, with a significant contribution of North American germplasm in the breeding collection. Genomic differentiation and genetic diversity within subgroups were found to be large, and two predominant heterotic patterns were identified in the CSM region.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Mohamed S. H. Hassan, Ahmed Ali, Motamed Elsayed Mahmoud, Danah Altakrouni, Shahnas M. Najimudeen, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of different vaccination programs against Canadian DMV/1639 IBV and found that the autogenous inactivated DMV/1639 vaccine was more effective in reducing viral loads and boosting virus neutralization titers. Both vaccination programs provided significant protection against pathological effects.
Article
Virology
Wanda Christ, Jonas Klingstrom, Janne Tynell
Summary: The integrated stress response (ISR) is activated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, triggering translational arrest and inhibiting stress granule formation. However, the stress-responsive transcription factors ATF4 and CHOP are not induced. Different SARS-CoV-2 variants show variant-specific differences in ISR activation, suggesting potential impacts on pathogenesis and treatment strategies.
Article
Virology
Xiao Han, Hankun Xu, Yifan Weng, Rong Chen, Jidong Xu, Tong Cao, Renjie Sun, Ying Shan, Fang He, Weihuan Fang, Xiaoliang Li
Summary: Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) can inhibit the host innate immunity by decreasing the level of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and CSFV Npro can evade host antiviral immune response through upregulating HMGB1 acetylation.
Article
Virology
Sunjian Lyu, Fulei Xiong, Tianpeng Qi, Weifeng Shen, Qi Guo, Mingming Han, Li Liu, Weishao Bu, Julin Yuan, Bao Lou
Summary: This study identified and characterized a novel temperate A. hydrophila phage, P05B, which has strong lytic ability and stability across different temperatures and pH values.
Article
Virology
Siyuan Liu, Wei Chen, Raphael Nyaruaba, Shunlong Wang, Cihan Yang, Qun Wu, Ying Liu, Puyu Liu, Fei Wang, Jingling Wang, Zhiming Yuan, Dingwei Sun, Han Xia
Summary: Specific, sensitive, and reliable RT-qPCR assays for the detection of OYAV and EBIV have been successfully developed in this study. These assays hold great promise for their potential application in clinical and field samples in the future.
Article
Virology
Rui Wang, Qiang Sun, Jinbo Xiao, Congcong Wang, Xiaoliang Li, Jichen Li, Yang Song, Huanhuan Lu, Ying Liu, Shuangli Zhu, Zhijun Liu, Yong Zhang
Summary: Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) has emerged as an important agent causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Mutations in residue 64 of the virus have been found to increase resistance to ribavirin and decrease sensitivity to guanidine hydrochloride. This mutation also leads to increased replication fidelity and reduced pathogenicity. These findings provide a foundation for the development of a safe and effective live attenuated CVA6 vaccine.
Article
Virology
Yao Xiong, Keran Ma, Xiao Zou, Yantao Liang, Kaiyang Zheng, Tiancong Wang, Hong Zhang, Yue Dong, Ziyue Wang, Yundan Liu, Hongbing Shao, Andrew Mcminn, Min Wang
Summary: This study isolated a novel virus, vB_VviC_ZQ26, infecting Vibrio cyclitrophicus from coastal waters near Qingdao, China. It was found that vB_VviC_ZQ26 belongs to a new vibriophage-specific family, Coheviridae, and is mainly found in temperate and tropical epipelagic zones.
Article
Virology
Xing Li, Zhiping Ye, Ewan P. Plant
Summary: By analyzing clinical and cultured samples using the same bioinformatic pipeline, it was found that 5' copyback DVGs are prevalent in human clinical samples but not in cultured samples. Furthermore, there are differences in DVG production and composition between in vivo and in vitro infections.
Article
Virology
Shreya Banerjee, Rakesh Sarkar, Arpita Mukherjee, Suvrotoa Mitra, Animesh Gope, Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
Summary: Rotavirus is a major cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and continues to be a severe issue in underdeveloped nations. Recent research has shown that a long non-coding RNA called SLC7A11-AS1 is upregulated during rotavirus infection and plays a role in facilitating the virus's propagation by regulating intracellular glutathione and lipid peroxidation.
Article
Virology
Eiichi Hondo, Tetsufumi Katta, Ayato Sato, Naoya Kadofusa, Tomoki Ishibashi, Hiroshi Shimoda, Hirokazu Katoh, Atsuo Iida
Summary: Bat-borne emerging viruses, such as the Ebola virus and Nipah virus, pose a significant threat to public health. In this study, we identified micafungin as a potential antiviral drug against Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) and found that it inhibits viral release in human cells through activating the endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway. This research provides valuable insights into the development of effective treatments for future virus pandemics.
Article
Virology
M. Joubert, N. van den Berg, J. Theron, V. Swart
Summary: This study investigated the host gene expression in asymptomatic avocado nursery trees infected with Avocado sunblotch viroid (ASBVd) using RNA sequencing. The results showed that 631 genes were differentially expressed during infection, with 63% upregulated. ASBVd infection significantly affected plant defence responses, phytohormone networks, gene expression pathways, secondary metabolism, cellular transport, as well as protein modification and degradation. This study provides insights into the molecular interactions underlying avsunviroid-host interactions.
Article
Virology
Wanling Zhang, Haiyan Yang, Zhengyun Liu, Shengyu Wang, Tianyang Chen, Hong Song, Yunbin Xu, Fajin Li, Guo Luo, Huan Wang
Summary: EV71 infection leads to changes in mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in human neuroblastoma cells, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction that may contribute to nervous system dysfunction.
Article
Virology
Mikhail Oliveira Leastro, Elliot Watanabe Kitajima, Vicente Pallas, Jesus Angel Sanchez- Navarro
Summary: This study reports the construction and validation of an infectious cDNA clone of Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C) based on an agroinfection system. Agro-injected Nicotiana benthamiana plants showed localized lesions similar to the natural infection process. The virus recovered from the infected plant tissue could be mechanically transmitted between plants. The CiLV-C reverse genetic system provides a powerful molecular tool for unraveling the peculiarities of the citrus leprosis pathosystem.
Article
Virology
Manel Essaidi-Laziosi, Francisco J. Perez-Rodriguez, Catia Alvarez, Pascale Sattonnet-Roche, Giulia Torriani, Meriem Bekliz, Kenneth Adea, Matthias Lenk, Tasnim Suliman, Wolfgang Preiser, Marcel A. Mueller, Christian Drosten, Laurent Kaiser, Isabella Eckerle
Summary: This study found that the Omicron variant has different replication characteristics compared to other variants of concern, being able to efficiently produce infectious virus in nasal cells but not lung cells. In addition, the Delta and Omicron variants showed increased infection efficiency in A549 cells. These findings suggest that the variants of concern have better adaptation to humans but do not have an extended host range.
Article
Virology
Martin Faye, Modeste Name Faye, Babacar Ndiaye, Moussa Moise Diagne, Safietou Sankhe, Ndeye Marieme Top, Amadou Diallo, Cheikh Loucoubar, Ndongo Dia, Amadou Alpha Sall, Ousmane Faye
Summary: Genomic surveillance in Senegal since March 2020 has detected the emergence of Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 sublineages in June 2022. Next-generation sequencing and phylogeny analysis of isolates from a cluster of cases in Northern Senegal in July 2022 revealed that the BA.4 cases originated from a XAS recombinant, marking the first reported sequence of this variant from Senegal. Continuous genomic surveillance of positive SARS-CoV-2 samples is crucial.