Article
Immunology
Alvaro Lopez-Valinas, Marta Valle, Marta Perez, Ayub Darji, Chiara Chiapponi, Llilianne Ganges, Joaquim Segales, Jose I. Nunez
Summary: Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are constantly evolving, posing a threat to animal and human health. Vaccines can help reduce the spread of swine influenza viruses (SIAV) in farms, but they do not provide complete protection and may potentially favor viral evolution. A study on vaccinated and nonvaccinated pigs challenged with H1N2 SIAV showed that vaccinated animals had a higher proportion of virus mutations, indicating the potential for vaccine-driven evolution.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jamil N. Kanji, Kanti Pabbaraju, Matthew Croxen, Susan Detmer, Nathalie Bastien, Yan Li, Anna Majer, Hussein Keshwani, Nathan Zelyas, Ifeoma Achebe, Corinne Jones, Maureen Rutz, Angela Jacobs, Keith Lehman, Deena Hinshaw, Graham Tipples
Summary: A variant influenza A subtype H1N2 of swine origin was detected in a person in Alberta, Canada, and was found to be closely related to strains at a local pig farm. Quick collaboration between human and veterinary public health practitioners enabled a rapid response and surveillance showed no secondary cases in the surrounding area.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Abhijeet A. Bakre, Les P. Jones, Hailey K. Bennett, Davis E. Bobbitt, Ralph A. Tripp
Summary: Detection of swine influenza virus (SIV) in commercial swine herds is critical for understanding infection status and disease control. Traditional molecular diagnostics are time-consuming and expensive, while the developed RT-LAMP detection method offers a rapid, sensitive, specific, and cost-effective way to detect SIV.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael A. Zeller, Jordan Ma, Foong Ying Wong, Sothyra Tum, Arata Hidano, Hannah Holt, Ty Chhay, San Sorn, Dina Koeut, Bunnary Seng, Sovanncheypo Chao, Giselle G. K. Ng, Zhuang Yan, Monidarin Chou, James W. Rudge, Gavin J. D. Smith, Yvonne C. F. Su
Summary: Swine are a primary source for the emergence of pandemic influenza A viruses. Effective surveillance is essential to uncover emerging virus strains. This study revealed the co-circulation of multiple lineages of genetically diverse swine influenza A virus (swIAV) in Southeast Asia and identified a novel reassortant variant. The findings highlight the importance of genomic surveillance for early warning of disease emergence and prevention of future pandemics.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Alvaro Lopez-Valinas, Marta Valle, Miaomiao Wang, Ayub Darji, Guillermo Cantero, Chiara Chiapponi, Joaquim Segales, Llilianne Ganges, Jose I. Nunez
Summary: Influenza A viruses have the ability to infect a wide range of bird and mammal species. They constantly evolve due to low proofreading activity and genomic reassortment, posing a threat to human and animal health. This study found that vaccination can reduce the likelihood of genomic reassortment and may influence the evolution of swine influenza viruses.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Chiara Chiapponi, Alice Prosperi, Ana Moreno, Laura Baioni, Silvia Faccini, Roberta Manfredi, Irene Zanni, Valentina Gabbi, Irene Calanchi, Alice Fusaro, Maria Serena Beato, Lara Cavicchio, Camilla Torreggiani, Giovanni Loris Alborali, Andrea Luppi
Summary: This study investigated the genetic diversity of swine influenza A viruses (IAVs) detected in pig farms in Northern Italy between 2017 and 2020. The results showed high genotypic diversity among H1N1 and H1N2 strains, while H3N2 strains showed a stable genetic pattern. The hemagglutinin of the swine IAVs belonged to different lineages, and antigenic drift was observed. Continuous monitoring of swine IAV circulation is necessary due to the potential generation of zoonotic strains.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jonathan Tin Lai Cheung, Eric H. Y. Lau, Ziying Jin, Huachen Zhu, Yi Guan, Malik Peiris
Summary: The study reveals the risk of cross-infection of swine influenza virus during swine transportation and suggests an increased risk of zoonotic transmission to individuals involved in the transportation and slaughtering processes.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Juan Mena, Naomi Ariyama, Camila Navarro, Manuel Quezada, Cristina Brevis, Daniela Rojas, Rafael A. Medina, Barbara Brito, Alvaro Ruiz, Victor Neira
Summary: Before the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, the IAV was a neglected swine pathogen in South America that co-circulated with endemic H1N2 and H3N2 viruses in the Chilean swine population. A retrospective study of historical samples revealed the presence of H3N2 subtype related to human seasonal H3N2 IAV circulating globally in the mid-90s, highlighting the importance of genomic strategies in analyzing historical samples.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Andreja Jungic, Vladimir Savic, Josip Madic, Ljubo Barbic, Besi Roic, Dragan Brnic, Jelena Prpic, Lorena Jemersic, Dinko Novosel
Summary: The study analyzed 1536 blood serum samples for IAV antibodies using ELISA and HI, revealing the prevalence of different subtypes in the Croatian pig population. Results showed that H1N1 was the most common subtype, followed by H3N2 and H1N2. Additionally, the presence of swIAV antigen was detected in a significant number of samples.
Article
Virology
Alvaro Lopez-Valinas, Marta Sistere-Oro, Sergi Lopez-Serrano, Laura Baioni, Ayub Darji, Chiara Chiapponi, Joaquim Segales, Llilianne Ganges, Jose Nunez
Summary: The study analyzed the intra-host diversity of SIV in samples collected from vaccinated and unvaccinated animals challenged with H1N1 influenza A virus. It found that the most significant nonsynonymous substitutions occurred in the NS1 protein in samples from vaccinated animals, indicating continuous evolution of SIV despite vaccine application. New viral variants were also discovered in both vaccinated and unvaccinated pigs, with important substitutions in the HA, NA, and NP proteins, which might enhance viral fitness in natural conditions.
Article
Immunology
Caiyue Ren, Tong Chen, Shishuo Zhang, Qingxia Gao, Jiahui Zou, Peng Li, Biaoxiong Wang, Yaxin Zhao, Aotian Ouyang, Sizhu Suolang, Hongbo Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the gene expression profiles in response to swine H1N1/2009 influenza A virus infection in newborn pig trachea cells. The researchers found that PLK3, a member of the PLK family, was upregulated after infection and played a crucial role in viral replication.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Anna Parys, Elien Vandoorn, Jacqueline King, Annika Graaf, Anne Pohlmann, Martin Beer, Timm Harder, Kristien Van Reeth
Summary: A pig farmer in the Netherlands was infected with a Eurasian avian-like swine influenza A(H1N1) virus that was also found in the farmed pigs. Antigenic and genetic characterization of both viruses was conducted. Continued surveillance of swine influenza A viruses is necessary for assessing risks in humans and pigs.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Pinar Yazici ozkaya, Ese Eda Turanli, Hamdi Metin, Ayca Aydin Uysal, Candan cicek, Bulent Karapinar
Summary: This study aimed to identify the clinical features and mortality associated with severe influenza A and B virus infections in children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) between 2012 and 2019. The study found that although the proportion of influenza A cases admitted to the PICU was higher, the percentage of cases requiring PICU admission was nearly two times higher in influenza B cases. Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference in disease severity and complications in patients with influenza A and influenza B.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brianna L. Bullard, Brigette N. Corder, Jennifer DeBeauchamp, Adam Rubrum, Bette Korber, Richard J. Webby, Eric A. Weaver
Summary: In this study, a universal swine H3 influenza vaccine was designed using a computational algorithm, which showed significant cross-reactive antibody and T-cell responses in both murine and swine models. The vaccine demonstrated superior cross-reactive immunity and reduced weight loss and lung viral titers in mice challenged with different swH3 viruses. The findings suggest that this epigraph vaccination strategy should be further investigated as a potential universal swH3 vaccine.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mohamed E. El Zowalaty, Anfal Abdelgadir, Laura K. Borkenhagen, Mariette F. Ducatez, Emily S. Bailey, Gregory C. Gray
Summary: The study found that influenza A viruses are likely highly prevalent in South African swine farms, with male workers aged 23-32, who reported recent exposure to influenza patients and infrequent use of personal protective equipment being at highest risk of molecular detection of influenza A virus. Periodic surveillance for novel influenza viruses in swine farms and education/seasonal influenza vaccine programmes for swine workers would be beneficial in South Africa.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kiril M. Dimitrov, Celia Abolnik, Claudio L. Afonso, Emmanuel Albina, Justin Bahl, Mikael Berg, Francois-Xavier Briand, Ian H. Brown, Kang-Seuk Choi, Ilya Chvala, Diego G. Diel, Peter A. Durr, Helena L. Ferreira, Alice Fusaro, Patricia Gil, Gabriela Goujgoulova, Christian Grund, Joseph T. Hicks, Tony M. Joannis, Mia Kim Torchetti, Sergey Kolosov, Benedicte Lambrech, Nicola S. Lewis, Haijin Liu, Hualei Liu, Sam McCullough, Patti J. Miller, Isabella Monn, Claude P. Muller, Muhammad Munir, Dilmara Reischak, Mahmoud Sabra, Siba K. Samal, Renata Servan de Almeida, Ismaila Shittu, Chantal J. Snoeck, David L. Suarez, Steven Van Borm, Zhiliang Wang, Frank Y. K. Wong
INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2019)
Article
Virology
Anne-Lie Blomstrom, Hermes R. Luz, Pontus Ohlund, Matthew Lukenge, Paulo Eduardo Brandao, Marcelo B. Labruna, Mikael Berg
Article
Microbiology
Laila A. R. Beserra, Carla M. Barbosa, Mikael Berg, Paulo E. Brandao, Rodrigo M. Soares, Fabio Gregori
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Donath Damian, Reuben Maghembe, Modester Damas, Jonas Johansson Wensman, Mikael Berg
VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Emeli Torsson, Tebogo Kgotlele, Gerald Misinzo, Jonas Johansson Wensman, Mikael Berg, Oskar Karlsson Lindsjo
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2020)
Correction
Microbiology
Laila A. R. Beserra, Carla M. Barbosa, Mikael Berg, Paulo E. Brandao, Rodrigo M. Soares, Fabio Gregori
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Donath Damian, Modester Damas, Jonas Johansson Wensman, Mikael Berg
Summary: This study in Tanzania identified two genera and six species of ticks from cattle near the Mikumi National Park using morphological and molecular analysis. Results revealed significant genetic distances between the ticks, indicating potential biological diversity in the study area. The outcomes of this study will be valuable for planning integrated control strategies for ticks and tick-borne diseases in Tanzania, considering the importance of cattle in people's livelihoods and the economy of the country.
VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ylva Lindgren, Fereshteh Banihashem, Mikael Berg, Helena Eriksson, Siamak Zohari, Desiree S. Jansson
Summary: This paper describes the investigation of the first outbreaks of adenoviral gizzard erosions (AGE) in Sweden, in five broiler flocks. The investigation included whole viral genome sequencing and investigation of genomic organization and sequence relationships with other adenoviruses.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sara Lysholm, Johanna F. Lindahl, Musso Munyeme, Gerald Misinzo, Coletha Mathew, Karin Alvasen, George Dautu, Siri Linde, Lydia Mitternacht, Emelie Olovsson, Elsa Wilen, Mikael Berg, Jonas J. Wensman
Summary: The study focused on investigating the prevalence of transboundary pathogens in sheep and goats along the Tanzania-Zambia border. Factors such as distance from international borders, towns, contact with wild ruminants, and presence of sheep in households were associated with seroprevalence of certain viruses and bacteria. Further large-scale studies are recommended to evaluate the impact of trade and proximity to borders, towns, and roads on the spread of diseases.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Virology
Harindranath Cholleti, Johnny de Jong, Anne-Lie Blomstrom, Mikael Berg
Summary: Research reveals that Swedish Pipistrellus bats carry a variety of viruses, some of which are closely related to mammalian viruses.
Article
Microbiology
Harindranath Cholleti, Johnny de Jong, Anne-Lie Blomstrom, Mikael Berg
Summary: This study analyzed saliva samples from Myotis brandtii bats in south-central Sweden and identified viral sequences belonging to different families, including a previously unknown zoonotic virus (ISKV). Additionally, two novel viruses were characterized. These findings contribute to our understanding of the diversity of bat-borne viruses and the potential for zoonotic transmission to humans.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paulo E. Brandao, Mikael Berg, Beatriz A. Leite, Sheila O. S. Silva, Sueli A. Taniwaki
Summary: By monitoring the variants and viral load during cell passages, this study reveals that the emergence and frequency of variants during host switches of Avian coronavirus exhibit different patterns at different passages. Furthermore, the evolution sequence of the virus during spillovers corresponds to the order of its life cycle, leading to a stable overall fitness of the mutant spectrum.
GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Donath Damian, Modester Damas, Jonas Johansson Wensman, Mikael Berg
Summary: Ticks play a crucial role as vectors and reservoirs of various pathogens, impacting human, livestock, and wildlife health. This study focused on the genetic diversity of hard tick species collected in the wildlife-livestock interface ecosystem at Mikumi National Park, Tanzania using mitochondrion 16S rRNA gene sequences, identifying six species and showcasing the biological diversity of hard ticks in the region. Further studies are needed to quantify the species of hard ticks in the study region and beyond.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Giorgi Metreveli, Mikael Berg, Anne-Lie Blomstrom
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paulo E. Brandao, Aline S. Hora, Sheila O. S. Silva, Sueli A. Taniwaki, Mikael Berg
GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2020)