Journal
VIROLOGY
Volume 446, Issue 1-2, Pages 397-408Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.05.033
Keywords
Sobemovirus; Plant virus; Translation; Non-AUG initiation; Leaky scanning
Categories
Funding
- Wellcome Trust [088789]
- U.K. Biotechnology and Biological Research Council (BBSRC) [BB/J007072/1, BB/J015652/1]
- BBSRC [BB/D008204/1, BB/D014376/1, BB/J011762/1]
- Leverhulme Trust [F/09 741/F, RPG-2012-667]
- Cambridge University Newton Trust
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/D008204/1, BB/J011762/1, BB/J015652/1, BB/J007072/1, BB/F014376/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- BBSRC [BB/J007072/1, BB/J015652/1, BB/F014376/1, BB/D008204/1, BB/J011762/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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The sobemoviruses have one of the smallest of all known RNA virus genomes. ORF1 encodes P1 which plays a role in suppression of silencing and virus movement, ORFs 2a and 2b encode the replicational polyproteins P2a and P2ab, and ORF3 encodes the coat protein. Translation of ORF2a from the genomic RNA is dependent on a leaky scanning mechanism. We report the presence of an additional ORF (ORFx), conserved in all sobemoviruses. ORFx overlaps the 5' end of ORF2a in the +2 reading frame and also extends some distance upstream of ORF2a. ORFx lacks an AUG initiation codon and its expression is predicted to depend on low level initiation at near-cognate non-AUG codons, such as CUG, by a proportion of the ribosomes that are scanning the region between the ORF1 and ORF2a initiation codons. Mutations that disrupt translation of ORFx in turnip rosette virus prevent the establishment of infection. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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