Journal
VIROLOGY
Volume 432, Issue 1, Pages 173-183Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.05.034
Keywords
HIV-1; RT Env SHIV; Rhesus macaques; Microbicide; Entry inhibitor; RT inhibitor
Categories
Funding
- NIAID [HHSN272200800020C]
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [Y1-AI-0681-01]
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Simian-human immunodeficiency virus encoding both reverse transcriptase (RT) and envelope genes of HIV-1 (RT Env SHIV) is important for evaluating biomedical prevention modalities for HIV/AIDS. We describe virological characterization of a clade B RT Env SHIV following infection of macaques via multiple routes. In vivo passage of the RT Env SHIV through Indian rhesus macaque enhanced infectivity. Expanded virus had minimal envelope heterogeneity and was inhibited by NNRTIs and CCR5 antagonists. Infection of macaques with RT Env SHIV via mucosal or intravenous routes resulted in stable infection accompanied by peak plasma viremia of approximately 5 x 10(6) copies/ml that was controlled beyond set point. Molecular homogeneity of the virus was maintained following in vivo passage. Inhibition of RT Env SHIV by RT and entry inhibitors and ease of in vivo transmission make it a useful model for testing the efficacy of combinations of entry and RT inhibitors in nonhuman primates. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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