Article
Environmental Sciences
Andrea Galletti, Giuseppe Formetta, Bruno Majone
Summary: Drought impact assessment is hindered by the complexity of droughts and the need for adequate modelling tools and observational data. This study overcomes this obstacle by focusing on potential drought hot-spots and linking a meteorological drought index to the hydrological drought status. The findings suggest that the proposed methodology can be a reliable tool for identifying potential drought hot-spots in large river basins.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yendry Regina Corrales-Urena, Fabienne Schwab, Efrain Ochoa-Martinez, Miguel Benavides-Acevedo, Jose Vega-Baudrit, Reinaldo Pereira, Klaus Rischka, Paul-Ludwig Michael Noeske, Alexander Gogos, Dimitri Vanhecke, Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser, Alke Petri-Fink
Summary: This study provides an in-depth understanding of the slime produced by velvet worms, revealing the presence of abundant salts that rapidly dissolve and neutralize during the hardening process. The findings suggest a baking-powder-like reaction that accelerates drying and provides insights into the development of new fast-drying polymers under ambient conditions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yui Sato, Juliane Wippler, Cecilia Wentrup, Rebecca Ansorge, Miriam Sadowski, Harald Gruber-Vodicka, Nicole Dubilier, Manuel Kleiner
Summary: In this study, the relationship between the obligate symbiosis between the gutless marine annelid Olavius algarvensis and its bacterial symbionts was investigated. The study found that partner fidelity varies among different symbiont species and can change over short periods of time. The fidelity was highest for the dominant chemoautotrophic, sulphur-oxidizing symbionts, while it was lower for sulphate-reducing and spirochaetal symbionts. This variation in fidelity is likely influenced by both selective and stochastic forces.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Paola Paradies, Mariateresa Sasanelli, Antonio Capogna, Angelica Mercadante, Giuseppe Tommaso Roberto Rubino, Claudio Maria Bussadori
Summary: Canine angiostrongylosis can manifest with varied clinical pictures, making diagnosis difficult. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated with angiostrongylosis is reported as a rare condition, with echocardiography playing a key role in diagnosing and monitoring PAH. Clinical and instrumental aspects of cases were described, with PAH diagnosed in 58.8% of cases, suggesting the complexity of the disease and the importance of careful evaluation before and after treatment.
TOPICS IN COMPANION ANIMAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tianyi Hua, Maisha T. Ahmad, Tenzin Choezin, Ryan L. Hartman
Summary: This study examines the influence of subtle temperature fluctuations on the dynamic stability of methane hydrate deposits, showing that bioreaction kinetics is dominated by endothermic methanogenic metabolism with a fragile tolerance to temperature increases. Feather duster worms stabilize the hydrates by selectively consuming methanotrophs, preventing potential system overtake by their exothermic metabolism. The research suggests that historical ocean temperature records and gas hydrate inventory estimates indicate risks to hydrate deposits as deep as 560 m below sea level, with the stability zone expected to retreat deeper as ocean temperatures rise.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Qingxiang Meng, Yaping Zhao, Jian Cui, Tonghao Dou
Summary: The study demonstrates that the meshing principle of an arc-toothed cylindrical worm can be realized, with a certain range of worm working length and meshing zone. It is recommended to apply the normal arc-toothed worm lathed by an offsetting cutter in the industry.
JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL DESIGN
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Amira A. Goma, Clive J. C. Phillips
Summary: Climate change has a significant impact on animal production, particularly in Egypt where extreme climatic conditions lead to heat stress for livestock. The predicted increase in temperature and humidity exacerbates heat stress, compromising production efficiency and potentially causing injury or death. Finding alternative solutions to ensure food security in Egypt is crucial, as current mitigation measures may not be sufficient to address the impact of climate change on livestock.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dana Cuff
Summary: By adopting a radical planning approach, suburbs in the United States can become affordable, livable, and environmentally friendly.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jitong Fan, Gang Liu, Ziqian Xia, Sanfa Cai
Summary: This study uses bibliometric tools to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the research trends and prospects on climate change risk perception. The results show that adaptation and vulnerability are the focus of research, and five research themes are identified for further study.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Jakob L. Willesen, Rebecca Langhorn, Lise N. Nielsen
Summary: This narrative review provides an overview of canine angiostrongylosis-induced hemostatic dysfunction in dogs, highlighting the clinical and laboratory findings as well as potential therapeutic strategies for patients experiencing bleeding. The study emphasizes the importance of characterizing the individual patient's hemostatic state due to the varying abnormalities observed in different dogs. It also explores the pathophysiological mechanisms behind the dysregulation of hemostatic proteins and suggests global viscoelastic testing as a promising tool for diagnosing and monitoring the condition.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Elodie Roels, Aline Fastres, Anne-Christine Merveille, Geraldine Bolen, Erik Teske, Cecile Clercx, Kathleen Mc Entee
Summary: This study revealed a high prevalence of PH at diagnosis in West Highland white terriers affected with canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, with PV/PA serving as a useful non-invasive surrogate for assessing PH. The presence of moderate/severe PH at initial presentation was not associated with survival outcome.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mei Zhu, Moxia Li, Mengke Su, Jianfang Liu, Bingwu Liu, Yongjie Ge, Honglin Liu, Jiawen Hu
Summary: The instability of hot spots is a key limiting factor for the poor spectral reproducibility of SERS. Hot spots exhibit stability thresholds to excitation power, duration, and wavelength. Lowering the excitation power below the threshold or deliberately removing unstable hot spots can significantly improve the stability and reproducibility of SERS signals.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Jianyun Hou, Runsheng Yin
Summary: This study assesses the potential role of China's forest sector in achieving carbon emission reduction and neutralization goals, projecting carbon sequestration by forest ecosystems and stored in harvested wood products. The findings indicate that actions taken by the forest sector could offset a significant portion of the country's cumulative carbon emissions, and may even lead to achieving carbon neutrality ahead of schedule in the 2050s.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jeffrey W. Priest, Bongo Nare Richard Ngandolo, Monique Lechenne, Christopher A. Cleveland, Michael J. Yabsley, Adam J. Weiss, Sharon L. Roy, Vitaliano Cama
Summary: Increased transmission of guinea worm disease among dogs along the Chari River in Chad poses a threat to eradication efforts. Developing new monoclonal antibodies and utilizing multiplex bead assays, particularly the DUF148-GST assay, can effectively identify infected dogs months before emergence of guinea worms, aiding in proactive containment efforts.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Erin T. H. Crockett, Sydney Vennin, Julie Botzas-Coluni, Guillaume Larocque, Elena M. Bennett
Summary: Mitigating climate change is an urgent challenge for society, with increasing carbon storage in forests being a key opportunity. A study conducted in temperate forests of southern Quebec, Canada, found that ecological variables of stand age, species richness, and functional diversity were the most important in explaining above-ground carbon storage. Bright spots, where forests stored more carbon than predicted, were associated with forest owners who had strong connections to their properties, while dark spots were often linked to forest harvesting and hunting. These findings suggest that ecologically and socially based policies could help increase carbon storage and mitigate the harmful effects of climate change.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Parasitology
A. S. Cooke, K. A. Watt, E. R. Morgan, J. A. J. Dungait
Article
Parasitology
Richard C. Tinsley, Hanna Rose Vineer, Rebecca Grainger-Wood, Eric R. Morgan
Article
Biology
Caroline Liddell, Eric R. Morgan, Katie Bull, Christos C. Ioannou
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Agronomy
Sudhanshu S. Panda, Thomas H. Terrill, Ajit K. Mahapatra, Brian Kelly, Eric R. Morgan, Jan A. van Wyk
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Aidan Hopkinson, Hannah R. Vineer, Dave Armstrong, Lesley Stubbings, Mike Howe, Eric R. Morgan, John Graham-Brown
Summary: The study suggests that the air temperature model is more accurate in predicting the hatch dates of Nematodirus battus, but tends to predict late hatch dates in the early part of the season. Adjustments may be needed to account for micro-climatic variations at the soil-air interface.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ludovica Beltrame, Hannah Rose Vineer, Josephine G. Walker, Eric R. Morgan, Peter Vickerman, Thorsten Wagener
Summary: Climate change and emerging drug resistance have made infectious disease control more challenging, prompting the need for alternative solutions such as environmental management. This study uses fasciolosis in livestock in the UK as a case study to demonstrate how environmental interventions can complement traditional treatment-based control practices.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Parasitology
Liz Maciag, Eric R. Morgan, Celia Holland
Summary: Zoonotic toxocariasis is a significant health concern, and Toxocara canis has received more attention in research compared to Toxocara cati. However, the differences in biology and epidemiology between these two species may have implications for disease impact and control. There is a need for more research on T. cati to understand its unique characteristics and role in zoonotic disease.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Carlos Ramon Bautista-Garfias, Gloria Sarahi Castaneda-Ramirez, Zaira Magdalena Estrada-Reyes, Filippe Elias de Freitas Soares, Javier Ventura-Cordero, Pedro Geraldo Gonzalez-Pech, Erick R. Morgan, Jesus Soria-Ruiz, Guillermo Lopez-Guillen, Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino
Summary: This review investigates the impact of climate change on livestock system management and the epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematodes in small ruminants under tropical conditions, aiming to find possible solutions to cope with the adverse effects of climate change.
Review
Microbiology
Eric R. Morgan, David Modry, Claudia Paredes-Esquivel, Pilar Foronda, Donato Traversa
Summary: This review highlights the spread of Angiostrongylus vasorum and establishment of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Europe, emphasizing the increasing relevance of these species to veterinary and medical practitioners. Other members of the genus pose potential risks to wildlife and domestic animals, with further research needed on parasite maintenance and disease emergence. Improved surveillance in animals and humans is also essential for risk assessments and management.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Katie Bull, Mike J. Glover, Hannah Rose Vineer, Eric R. Morgan
Summary: This study investigated the resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes to anthelmintics on multiple farms in North Devon, England in 2016. The results showed that there was resistance to three anthelmintic classes on average, and the prevalence of resistance was higher in 2016 compared to 2013. Haemonchus contortus, a type of nematode, was commonly found on the tested farms and showed resistance or suspected resistance to all tested anthelmintics. These findings highlight the diversity and progression of anthelmintic resistance and the challenges in detecting resistance in mixed-species infections.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jennifer McIntyre, Laura Miskell, Eric R. Morgan, Fiona Lovatt, Roz Laing
Summary: This study investigated the use and effectiveness of moxidectin against gastrointestinal nematodes among Scottish sheep farmers. The results showed that although the majority of farmers used moxidectin, there was variation in their knowledge levels, and most farmers did not consistently follow the guidelines for sustainable control of parasites.
Article
Parasitology
J. A. N. Filipe, I. Kyriazakis, C. McFarland, E. R. Morgan
Summary: Gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections in livestock are common and have negative effects on health and performance. Due to anthelmintic resistance and climate change, alternative approaches to treatment and management are needed. In this study, a new epidemiological model of GIN transmission in a herd of grazing cattle was developed, taking into account host tolerance, parasite burden, immunity, weather-dependent development of parasites, and grass availability. The model showed satisfactory performance and has the potential to explore altered infection dynamics and optimize treatment strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Paul M. Airs, Claire Brown, Erica Gardiner, Liz Maciag, Jamie P. Adams, Eric R. Morgan
Summary: This study found a widespread presence of Toxocara eggs in soil samples from parks and recreational areas in the UK and Ireland, indicating a need for further efforts to reduce egg shedding from pet dogs.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Eric R. Morgan, Anne Segonds-Pichon, Hubert Ferte, Patrick Duncan, Jacques Cabaret
Summary: Parasite overdispersion among hosts has important implications for their population dynamics and control. The factors determining parasite overdispersion, such as parasite acquisition and acquired host immunity, have not been thoroughly studied in parasite populations.
Article
Agronomy
Sudhanshu S. Panda, Thomas H. Terrill, Ajit K. Mahapatra, Eric R. Morgan, Aftab Siddique, Andres A. Pech-Cervantes, Jan A. van Wyk
Summary: This study aims to develop a geospatial model using GIS technology to identify suitable areas for sericea lespedeza production, supporting profitable small ruminant farming. The model takes into account climate change and provides decision support for agriculturalists.