Article
Virology
Scott Brunt, Heather Solomon, Kathleen Brown, April Davis
Summary: In New York State, rabies cases in dogs and cats often result in multiple individuals requiring post-exposure prophylaxis due to their ubiquity with humans. Data shows that a large percentage of cats submitted for rabies testing were not vaccinated, while most dogs were vaccinated. Despite vaccination efforts and education, companion animals still occasionally contract rabies.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lucia Daniel Machado da Silva
Summary: Testicular cryopreservation is crucial for the preservation of reproductive capacity, establishment of germplasm banks, and transport of genetic material in animals. However, protocols for clinical use in dogs and cats are still in the experimental phase. The research on testicular cryopreservation is of great importance, especially considering the interest in breeding dogs and cats and using them as models for other species.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Beatriz Medeiros-Fonseca, Ana I. Faustino-Rocha, Rui Medeiros, Paula A. Oliveira, Rui Gil M. da Costa
Summary: A growing number of papillomaviruses have been identified in dogs and cats, causing various diseases. These viruses are associated with oral and cutaneous papillomas, as well as viral pigmented plaques. However, the pathological significance of some newly identified types is still unknown.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Nikita Diante Burggraaf, Daphne Barbara Westgeest, Ronald Jan Corbee
Summary: Analysis of 7866 uroliths from veterinary practitioners in the Netherlands between 2014 and 2020 showed consistent distribution of different types of uroliths over time. Female cats, obese cats, Domestic Shorthair cats, female dogs, and large breed dogs had increased risk for struvite, while neutered cats, all cat breeds except Domestic Shorthair, neutered dogs, male dogs, intact male dogs, and small breed dogs had increased risk for calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Urate and cystine were found predominantly in male dogs, with Dalmatians at highest risk for urate urolithiasis. New associations were found, such as urate urolithiasis in the English Cocker Spaniel and cystine urolithiasis in the Yorkshire Terrier. It was suggested that body condition score, recurrence information, medical history, and diet history should be included in future submission sheets for exploring other possible associations.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Chiara Palmieri, Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves, Renee Laufer-Amorim
Summary: This review aims to provide a detailed overview of feline and canine prostatic pathology, including the most up-to-date classification systems and histological findings, to enable accurate diagnosis and treatment.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Brian R. Wasik, Ian E. H. Voorhees, Colin R. Parrish
Summary: Influenza virus infections have been observed in domestic carnivores, particularly in dogs and cats, with spillovers from avian, human, or swine viruses. The impacts of these infections on veterinary and human health raise important questions regarding their zoonotic or panzootic potential.
COLD SPRING HARBOR PERSPECTIVES IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Maureen A. Griffin, William T. N. Culp, Robert B. Rebhun
Summary: Haemangiosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm believed to originate from a pluripotent bone marrow progenitor. Dogs are more commonly diagnosed with HSA than cats, with primary sites including dermal, subcutaneous/intramuscular, and visceral. Surgical excision and anthracycline-based chemotherapy are mainstays of treatment, with novel modalities under investigation.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hiba Ali Hassan, Guillaume Domain, Gaia Cecilia Luvoni, Rana Chaaya, Ann Van Soom, Eline Wydooghe
Summary: Epididymal semen from dogs and cats provides an additional source of gametes for preserving valuable genetics, especially in cases where ejaculation is not possible, castration is necessary, or unexpected death occurs. Understanding the differences between epididymal semen and ejaculated semen is crucial for optimizing cryopreservation and enhancing the applications of assisted reproductive technologies. Factors affecting epididymal semen quality and freezability need to be identified and addressed to improve post-thaw semen quality and ART outcomes.
Article
Microbiology
Candido Vina, Rami Salmo, Maria Vila Pena, Antonio Miguel Palomero, Jose Angel Hernandez, Cristiana Cazapal-Monteiro, Maria Sol Arias, Rita Sanchez-Andrade, Adolfo Paz-Silva
Summary: Feeding shelter dogs with gelatin containing parasiticide fungi can effectively reduce the risk of helminth infection.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Shaohan Li, Xin Chen, Yunfeng Hao, Guangzhi Zhang, Yanli Lyu, Jianke Wang, Weiquan Liu, Tong Qin
Summary: This study identified genetic variants of CPV-2 and conducted genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of clinical samples from dogs and cats in northern China. The results showed CPV-2c as the major genetic variant and identified mutation sites in the NS1 protein. Phylogenetic analysis of VP2 and NS1 genes clustered them by geographical regions and genotypes. This study emphasizes the importance of continuous molecular epidemiological surveillance to understand the genetic diversity of FPV and CPV-2 strains.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Virology
Sandra Felten, Ute Klein-Richers, Stefan Unterer, Michele Bergmann, Christian M. Leutenegger, Nikola Pantchev, Jorg Balzer, Yury Zablotski, Regina Hofmann-Lehmann, Katrin Hartmann
Summary: This study found an association between feline coronavirus infection (FCoV) and diarrhea in multi-cat environments. In addition, the presence of Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin and feline panleukopenia virus were also associated with an increased risk of diarrhea.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ronald Jan Corbee, Hilde H. Woldring, Lianne M. van den Eijnde, Erik G. H. Wouters
Summary: Simple Summary Anal sac disease is a common problem in private practice, but there is surprisingly little information available about this disease. This study investigated the incidence, predisposing factors, diagnostics, treatment options, and recurrence rates of anal sac disease through a questionnaire distributed among veterinarians. Dogs were more commonly affected than cats, and certain factors such as diarrhea and skin problems increased the risk. Diagnosis was based on clinical signs and characteristics of the anal sac content. Manual expression and treating underlying diseases were the most important treatments. Impaction was the most recurrent condition. Further studies should be conducted to confirm these findings.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Bruno Alberigi, Diefrey Ribeiro Campos, Aline Serricella Branco, Alexandre Bendas, Rodrigo Pereira Brum, Raquel Calixto, Leucio Camara Alves, Jose Wilton Pinheiro Junior, Fabiana Batalha Knackfuss, Norma Labarthe, Julie K. Levy, Flavya Mendes-de-Almeida
Summary: This study investigated the seroprevalence of heartworm antigen in cats in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and found a seroprevalence rate of 1.2%. The results suggest that heartworm disease should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cats presenting with clinical signs in areas with high canine heartworm prevalence. It is important for veterinarians to prioritize client education and promote the regular use of prophylaxis to protect feline health.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Simone Morelli, Anastasia Diakou, Angela Di Cesare, Mariasole Colombo, Donato Traversa
Summary: This review discusses the most common parasitoses and vector-borne diseases of dogs and cats, emphasizing the differences, similarities, and peculiarities of canine and feline parasitology.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Francesco Albanese, Francesca Abramo, Michele Marino, Maria Massaro, Laura Marconato, Lucia Minoli, Valeria Martini, Luca Aresu
Summary: This study describes clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and clonality features of cutaneous lymphocytosis (CL) in cats and dogs. Cats with CL showed prolonged survival regardless of treatment, while dogs had a shorter and more variable clinical course, suggesting a more challenging discrimination between CL and cutaneous epitheliotropic lymphoma in dogs.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
M. C. Gates, I McLachlan, S. Butler, J. F. Weston
Summary: While most New Zealand veterinarians value completing CPD, they face barriers such as difficulty fitting CPD around work and family commitments. The current CPD regulations are seen as burdensome and inflexible, with a need for tailored CPD plans and simplified CPD points categories.
NEW ZEALAND VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
M. C. Gates, I McLachlan, S. Butler, J. F. Weston
Summary: The survey highlighted that new veterinary graduates excel in researching cases and communicating with colleagues, but struggle with time management and financial awareness. Key issues identified include inadequate preparation in veterinary school, lack of training and resources for employers, and intergenerational differences in work ethics.
NEW ZEALAND VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
M. C. Gates, C. A. Evans, C. Heuer, H. Voges, J. F. Weston
Summary: The study examined temporal trends in BVD testing in New Zealand dairy herds and used historical data to predict herd-level BVD incursions. The results showed a decrease in the prevalence of herds with positive BVD test results over the study period, and identified herd size, previous PCR status, and change in S/P ratio as significant predictors for herd-level BVD incursions in the 2017 season. The predictive model had poor discrimination with an AUC of 0.695.
NEW ZEALAND VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
M. C. Gates, P. Palleson-Putt, R. K. Sawicki
Summary: This study describes the current employment status of Bachelor of Veterinary Technology graduates in New Zealand, with most graduates working in veterinary roles and feeling well-prepared by their degree program. They expressed a need for more training in client interactions and veterinary business management.
NEW ZEALAND VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Mary van Andel, Michael J. Tildesley, M. Carolyn Gates
Summary: National level databases of animal numbers, locations and movements are crucial for disease preparedness and control activities. In some countries, producers are required to provide detailed animal information as a condition of doing business, while in others, maintaining these databases can be challenging due to missing data. This can lead to suboptimal decision-making by competent authorities based on limited information.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sabrina S. Greening, Thomas G. Rawdon, Kerry Mulqueen, Nigel P. French, M. Carolyn Gates
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate using three different data sources to investigate disease transmission risk between poultry populations in New Zealand. The results showed that connectivity within the commercial and backyard poultry networks, as well as the movement patterns of wild birds, could significantly contribute to disease spread. Further data integration, including environmental factors, is necessary to fully understand this risk landscape.
PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
M. C. Gates, C. A. Evans, J. F. Weston
Summary: The survey revealed wide variation in BVD diagnostic testing and vaccination protocols recommended by veterinarians under different clinical scenarios. While most veterinarians believed that eradicating BVD from New Zealand was possible, they highlighted lack of farmer awareness and poor compliance with management recommendations as significant barriers.
NEW ZEALAND VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
M. Carolyn Gates, Iain McLachlan, Seton Butler, Jenny F. Weston
Summary: The three key challenges facing veterinary CPD programs are defining professional competence across different career stages, delivering effective CPD activities, and developing reliable assessment systems. Interacting with colleagues and transparent management options were highlighted as important for improving care levels.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Paul O. Amuta, Emmanuel C. Okolocha, Caleb A. Kudi, M. Carolyn Gates
Summary: The study findings suggest that peri-urban dairy farmers may have limited awareness of the impacts of bovine mastitis and access to resources needed to implement good practices like hand washing and antibiotic intramammary infusions between milking cows.
PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hussain Ahmad, Norsyahida Arifin, Thomas J. Nolan, James B. Lok, Nor Suhada Anuar, Rahmah Noordin
Summary: This study has identified a novel IgE biomarker for diagnosing Strongyloides infection, showing high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in IgE-ELISA. The recombinant protein rA133 has potential diagnostic value, suggesting it may be useful for patient diagnosis and epidemiological studies.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
M. Carolyn Gates, Lynsey Earl, Gareth Enticott
Summary: Farmers are believed to underreport clinical events due to factors such as uncertainty around reporting criteria and consequences, fear, mistrust in authorities, and lack of incentivization. There is a recognized need to empower farmers in disease reporting and account for their knowledge, experience, and beliefs in animal health surveillance systems.
PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Gareth Enticott, Lynsey Earl, M. Carolyn Gates
Summary: Understanding the sociocultural factors influencing individuals' willingness to report emerging disease outbreaks is crucial, and various research methodologies have been utilized for this purpose. Challenges exist in accurately capturing behavioral intentions and actions, and there is a need for methodological innovations to bridge the gap between reported behavior and actual behavior. Future research should focus on specific interventions and clarify the relationships between disease contexts, behavioral mechanisms, and outcomes for a more informed understanding of disease reporting.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Kara A. Brown, Amy L. Johnson, Susan J. Bender, Thomas J. Nolan, Bianca Pfisterer, JoAnn Slack, Elinor Willis, Emily K. Rule
Summary: A 5-year-old imported Zangersheide gelding presented with SC swellings over both forelimbs and lameness localized to the distal metacarpus. Ultrasound examination revealed verminous granulomas in the SC masses and ligamentous parasitic infiltrates in the suspensory ligament branches. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of onchocerciasis. Despite treatment, the horse was eventually euthanized, and necropsy confirmed the presence of eosinophilic granulomas and degenerative suspensory ligament desmitis with intralesional nematodes, most likely Onchocerca reticulata. Onchocerciasis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in imported European Warmbloods presenting with multifocal suspensory ligament desmitis and SC masses.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sabrina S. Greening, Ji Zhang, Anne C. Midwinter, David A. Wilkinson, Scott McDougall, M. Carolyn Gates, Nigel P. French
Summary: This study investigated the association between on-farm antimicrobial usage and the antimicrobial resistance profiles of mastitis-causing Staphylococcus aureus through whole-genome sequencing. The results showed low presence of resistance genes and current antimicrobial usage patterns do not appear to be driving AMR in S. aureus associated with bovine mastitis.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geography
Gareth Enticott, M. Carolyn Gates, Arata Hidano
Summary: The mobility of livestock in modern farming systems is connected with the geographical spread of animal disease, and government attempts to control this geography through self-government practices. However, farmers' perceptions of luck and the concept of 'good farming' also play a role in shaping their behavior. Studies show that farmers rely on luck to explain animal disease, respond to government control measures, and shift responsibility to experts.