Article
Cell Biology
Jung-Joon Cha, Jae Hyoung Park, Hyung Joon Joo, Soon Jun Hong, Tae Hoon Ahn, Byeong-Keuk Kim, WonYong Shin, Sung Gyun Ahn, JungHan Yoon, Yong Hoon Kim, Yun-Hyeong Cho, Woong Chol Kang, Weon Kim, Young-Hyo Lim, Hyeon Cheol Gwon, Woong Gil Choi, Do-Sun Lim
Summary: In elderly patients treated with PCI, genetic variants such as poor metabolizers of CYP2C19 and the TT group of P2Y12 G52T may serve as significant predictors of poor clinical outcomes. These genetic factors were associated with a higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and bleeding complications in the elderly population.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mette Louise Mork, Jon Traerup Andersen, Ulrik Lausten-Thomsen, Christina Gade
Summary: The pharmacokinetics of drugs in premature neonates, especially extremely premature ones, are not well understood. Existing studies often fail to distinguish between term and preterm children, making it difficult to interpret the results. Different approaches to measuring drug metabolism in preterm neonates have hindered formal meta-analyses. Optimized designs and collaborations between neonatologists and pharmacologists are needed for future research.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Stephen M. Stout, Carrie W. Nemerovski, Daniel S. Streetman, Melody Berg, Jamie Hoffman, Kayann Burke, Nina M. Bemben, Stephen J. Sklar
Summary: Agents that modify cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzyme activity are categorized as strong, moderate, or weak inhibitors or inducers based on their impact on substrate exposure in clinical studies. However, limitations of data, inconsistent study findings, and other factors can complicate the assignment of agents to inhibitor or inducer categories. These categories are commonly used to differentiate drug interaction management recommendations, but ambiguity in classification may lead to harmful variations in clinical drug interaction management.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carmen Flores-Perez, Janett Flores-Perez, Manuel de Jesus Castillejos Lopez, Juan Luis Chavez-Pacheco, Karla Miroslava Tejada-Gutierrez, Arnoldo Aquino-Galvez, Luz Maria Torres-Espindola
Summary: This study found that the rs776746 (T) allele in the CYP3A5 gene is associated with lower plasma midazolam levels in children, and age and sex also have a strong influence on midazolam metabolism.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lea Mikkola, Kaisa Kyostila, Jonas Donner, Anu K. Lappalainen, Marjo K. Hytonen, Hannes Lohi, Antti Iivanainen
Summary: This study successfully replicates many loci associated with canine hip dysplasia (CHD) in different breeds, highlighting the complex genetic architecture of the disease. Genes involved in the neddylation pathway are enriched among the validated loci, contributing to various cellular functions including inflammation. Further characterization of these associated loci could reveal CHD-relevant genes and pathways for enhanced understanding of the disease pathogenesis.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
David Conrad, Alexandra Kehl, Tobias Mueller, Robert Klopfleisch, Heike Aupperle-Lellbach
Summary: This study evaluated the prognosis and treatment of canine cutaneous mast cell tumours in the toe, finding that over half of the tumours had poor prognosis indicators and mutations in the c-kit gene. French Bulldogs were more likely to develop malignant tumours. This study contributes to better understanding of digital mast cell tumours in canines.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ivana Budic, Tatjana Jevtovic Stoimenov, Dimitrije Pavlovic, Vesna Marjanovic, Ivona Djordjevic, Marija Stevic, Dusica Simic
Summary: Individual variability in response to anesthesia drugs is common and influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Propofol, the most common intravenous anesthetic, can be affected by genetic factors such as gene polymorphisms. However, there is a need for further research on multiple pathways to understand the individual differences in propofol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Paula Soria-Chacartegui, Gonzalo Villapalos-Garcia, Pablo Zubiaur, Francisco Abad-Santos, Dora Koller
Summary: Olanzapine, aripiprazole, and risperidone are widely used for schizophrenia treatment and can induce various adverse drug reactions. The metabolism and individual genetic polymorphisms of these drugs affect pharmacokinetics and drug responses, necessitating consideration of patient genotypes and potential drug interactions during treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sejung Hwang, Soyoung Lee, Jangsoo Yoon, Jae-Yong Chung
Summary: This study developed a population PK-PD model to assess the impact of CYP2D6 genetic polymorphisms on the PK and PD of carvedilol. The model was based on a clinical study involving 21 healthy subjects assigned to three CYP2D6 phenotype groups. The results showed that CYP2D6 genetic polymorphisms contributed to the inter-individual variability of carvedilol PK, but not PD.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Marco Pietra, Giorgia Galiazzo, Francesca Bresciani, Maria Morini, Sara Licarini, Maria Elena Turba, Gianmaria Amaducci, Giuliano Bettini, Federico Fracassi, Fabio Ostanello
Summary: This study aimed to identify factors related to therapeutic failure in canine chronic enteropathies, with a focus on P-glycoprotein activity. Factors such as glucocorticoid treatment and hypoproteinemia were associated with a higher risk of being in the non-responsive group. Clonality testing showed a potential link to undiagnosed lymphoma in non-responsive dogs. More research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind non-responsive enteropathy and its potential association with neoplastic diseases.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Clara Palestrini, Silvia Michela Mazzola, Bianca Caione, Debora Groppetti, Alessandro M. Pecile, Michela Minero, Simona Cannas
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of gonadectomy on dog behavior over a nine-month period. Results showed that male dogs who underwent gonadectomy exhibited less mounting behavior, leash pulling, and owner-directed aggression. Marking behavior remained consistent across time for both groups. The findings suggest the need for further research on the specific behaviors affected by gonadectomy.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yida Xu, Yongli Ye, Yahui Gao, Xinyu Sun, Jingdong Shao, Xiulan Sun
Summary: This study identified and analyzed potential citrinin metabolites in the human cytochrome P450 subtype system using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Four new metabolites were discovered, named M1, M2, M3, and M4. The results also showed the correlation between specific P450 subtypes and the different metabolites.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lauren Powell, Darko Stefanovski, Carlo Siracusa, James Serpell
Summary: The study found that after veterinary clinical intervention, canine behavior problems improved, and treatment outcomes were associated with both canine and owner parameters. This suggests that behavior change in dogs can be predicted and influenced by factors related to the dog and its owner.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Michael H. Court, Katrina L. Mealey, Neal S. Burke, Tania Perez Jimenez, Zhaohui Zhu, Joseph J. Wakshlag
Summary: Phytocannabinoid-rich hemp extracts containing CBD and CBDA are used to treat disorders in dogs. In vitro studies showed that CBD is mainly metabolized by CYP enzymes, while CBDA is metabolized by UDP-glucuronosytransferase. Recombinant canine CYPs CYP1A2 and CYP2C21 were found to significantly deplete CBD. CBD and CBDA inhibited tramadol metabolism but not midazolam metabolism. Additionally, they were not substrates or competitive inhibitors of canine P-glycoprotein. These findings suggest potential cannabinoid-drug interactions involving certain CYPs, but more research is needed.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ji-Young Byeon, Chang-Keun Cho, Pureum Kang, Se-Hyung Kim, Choon-Gon Jang, Seok-Yong Lee, Yun Jeong Lee
Summary: This study investigated the impact of genetic polymorphisms of CYP2D6 and CYP2C19, as well as cigarette smoking, on the pharmacokinetics of tolperisone. The results showed that these factors independently affected tolperisone metabolism, and their combined effects had a greater impact.
ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Hagar Hauser
Summary: Separation-related problems (SRPs) are common in companion dogs and clinicians should be able to diagnose and rule out physical diseases that may exhibit similar clinical signs or worsen SRP.
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Clara Wilson, Dana Ebbecke, Danielle Berger, Cynthia Otto
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lisa Radosta
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Patrizia Piotti, Ludovica Pierantoni, Mariangela Albertini, Federica Pirrone
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lena Provoost
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
M. Leanne Lilly, Carlo Siracusa
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Daniel S. Mills, Fergus M. Coutts, Kevin J. Mcpeake
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Marta Amat, Susana Le Brech, Xavier Manteca
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sagi Denenberg, Karen L. Machin, Gary M. Landsberg
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Leticia M. S. Dantas, Niwako Ogata
Summary: The stress response has a significant impact on the central nervous system and other systems in the body, contributing to chronic mental and behavioral pathologies as well as increasing the risk for other chronic inflammatory and metabolic diseases. Psychiatric treatments play a role in alleviating fear, stress, and anxiety and improving the quality of life and lifespan for dogs and cats. The availability of safe psychoactive medications allows for effective treatment options in veterinary patients. Clinicians should have a good understanding of the role neurotransmitters and hormones play in emotional processing, cognition, and behavior, as well as the mechanism of action of drugs to ensure appropriate medication selection for each individual patient.
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Editorial Material
Veterinary Sciences
Carlo Siracusa
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Valarie V. Tynes
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Amy Learn, Debra Horwitz
Summary: Inappropriate elimination or behavioral periuria/perichezia is a commonly reported feline behavioral problem worldwide. Changes in behavior are often early signs of physical illness and can worsen existing behavioral issues. Determining the cause, whether medical or behavioral, is crucial before implementing appropriate treatments.
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jonathan Bowen, Jaume Fatjo
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Maya Braem
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
