Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olga Plaza, Piotr Galecki, Agata Orzechowska, Malgorzata Galecka, Justyna Sobolewska-Nowak, Agata Szulc
Summary: Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Pharmacogenetic research can help identify genetic variations that impact the response to antipsychotic medications, leading to more personalized and effective treatments. Genes involved in pharmacokinetics, as well as dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate neurotransmission, have been found to have a significant impact on antipsychotic response.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Michele Fabrazzo, Salvatore Cipolla, Alessio Camerlengo, Francesco Perris, Francesco Catapano
Summary: Real-world studies provide valuable insights into the effectiveness and tolerability of antipsychotics in different clinical scenarios. Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) have shown superior effectiveness compared to first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) in preventing relapse, reducing psychiatric hospitalization rates, and treating negative symptoms. Long-acting injectables (LAIs) and clozapine have demonstrated better treatment outcomes, albeit with potential side effects. More research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of these medications on primary negative symptoms and cognitive deficits.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Izabela Fulone, Marcus Tolentino Silva, Luciane Cruz Lopes
Summary: The study found that in Brazil, factors such as being female, age over 70, residing in the northeast region, and using certain types of antipsychotic medications were associated with an increased risk of switching between second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs). Risperidone was identified as the antipsychotic associated with the highest risk of switching, while clozapine had the lowest risk compared to other SGAs.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Mami Kasahara-Kiritani, Yosuke Saga, Akihide Wakamatsu, David Bin-Chia Wu, I. -Ching Tsai
Summary: This study evaluates the effectiveness of long-acting injectable antipsychotics in preventing re-hospitalization in patients with schizophrenia in Japan, including the employed population. The study found that patients receiving long-acting injectable antipsychotics had a significant decrease in hospitalization length and re-hospitalization rate during the follow-up period. English Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of long-acting injectable antipsychotics in preventing hospitalization and has significant implications for patients with schizophrenia in Japan.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tianyu Feng, Zhou Zheng, Shang Gao, Jiaying Xu, Pen Cao, Huanhuan Jia, Xihe Yu
Summary: This study investigated the cost-effectiveness of low-dose rivaroxaban plus aspirin versus aspirin alone in patients with stable cardiovascular diseases in China. The results showed that low-dose rivaroxaban combined with aspirin therapy may be cost-effective in the secondary prevention of stable cardiovascular disease in patients.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Chuan-Pin Yang, Pei-Ning Wu, Li -Tun Liao, Ting-Yi Lin, Po See Chen
Summary: This study used Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database to conduct a retrospective cohort study on patients with schizophrenia receiving either first-generation or second-generation long-acting injectable antipsychotics. The study found that both first and second-generation LAI therapies significantly reduced psychiatric hospitalizations and hospital stays, with the second-generation LAI group showing better outcomes. However, the second-generation LAI group had higher pharmacy fees.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ching-Hua Lin, Hung-Yu Chan, Chun-Chi Hsu, Feng-Chua Chen
Summary: Factors associated with concomitant laxative use among schizophrenia patients discharged on second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) were investigated in Taiwan. Older age, higher antipsychotic or anticholinergic doses were found to be associated with increased laxative use. Clozapine had the highest rate of laxative use among SGAs, while sulpiride was least associated with laxative use. Regular laxative use at discharge was significantly associated with psychiatric rehospitalization. Additionally, the rate of laxative use at dis-charge increased significantly during the study period.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Amelia J. Hessheimer, Ana Magdalena Vargas-Martinez, Marta Trapero-Bertran, Miquel Navasa, Constantino Fondevila
Summary: This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness and utility of posttransplant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance compared to standard follow-up. Although surveillance slightly improves survival and quality of life, it also increases costs and does not appear to be cost-effective in this setting.
Article
Oncology
Wentao Zhu, Miaomiao Zheng, Panpan Xia, Wanglong Hong, Guoqiang Ma, Aizong Shen
Summary: This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of palbociclib plus fulvestrant as second-line treatment for HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer in China. A Markov model was used, and the results showed that the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of palbociclib plus fulvestrant was higher than the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold in China. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the utility of progression-free survival (PFS), cost of palbociclib, and cost of neutropenia had a significant impact on the ICER. In conclusion, palbociclib plus fulvestrant is unlikely to be cost-effective compared to placebo plus fulvestrant in this patient population.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Tzu-Pei Yeh, Li-Chi Huang, Yu-Fen Chen, Jui-Fen Cheng
Summary: In schizophrenia patients receiving SGAs treatment, over 60% were classified as having unbalanced BC types, which may lead to poorer physical or mental statuses. Healthcare providers can apply interventions based on patients' BC types for disease prevention.
Article
Immunology
Coralei E. Neighbors, Evan R. Myers, Nayani P. Weerasinghe, Gaya B. Wijayaratne, Champica K. Bodinayake, Ajith Nagahawatte, L. Gayani Tillekeratne, Christopher W. Woods
Summary: Influenza vaccination is cost-effective for the Sri Lankan population, reducing cases, hospitalizations, and deaths caused by influenza. The most influential factors are vaccine coverage and effectiveness in different age groups. Providing influenza vaccines is highly cost-effective compared to not vaccinating. However, more large-scale national studies are needed to improve data and assess the impact of vaccination implementation.
Review
Psychiatry
Marius H. Sneller, Nini de Boer, Sophie Everaars, Max Schuurmans, Sinan Guloksuz, Wiepke Cahn, Jurjen J. Luykx
Summary: Factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders using second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) include clinical factors such as age, gender, BMI, SGA exposure, and biochemical factors like hypo-adiponectinemia, elevated CRP levels, and high WBC count. Moreover, a genetic factor, the rs1414334 C-allele of the HTR2C-gene, was found to be associated with MetS in SGA users. Identifying these factors may help predict and prevent MetS in patients using SGAs.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Meiyu Wu, Shuxia Qin, Liting Wang, Chongqing Tan, Ye Peng, Xiaohui Zeng, Xia Luo, Lidan Yi, Xiaomin Wan
Summary: This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy as first-line therapy for advanced oesophageal cancer from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system. The results showed that this treatment approach was not cost-effective compared to placebo plus chemotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fatma Sa'eed El-Tokhy, Mona M. A. Abdel-Mottaleb, Elsayed A. El-Ghany, Ahmed S. Geneidi
Summary: Schizophrenia is a challenging and common psychotic disorder that greatly affects patients' quality of life. Novel drug delivery techniques, such as transdermal delivery of second generation antipsychotics, are effective in improving medication adherence and reducing side effects. Second generation antipsychotics at lower doses have proven to be more efficient in managing schizophrenia.
JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zonglin Dai, Xi Zhang, Irene Ol Wong, Eric H. Y. Lau, Zhiming Lin
Summary: The study assessed the clinical prognosis and cost-effectiveness of treatments for lupus nephritis (LN) in China. The strategy of CYC induction followed by AZA maintenance was found to be the most cost-effective for short-term treatment, while the strategy of MMF in both induction and maintenance became cost-effective and yielded better clinical outcomes for lifetime treatment. Uncertainty analysis supported the need for monitoring the progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)