Article
Immunology
Jun Gao, Fenyang Tang, Zhiguo Wang, Jing Yu, Ran Hu, Li Liu, Guodong Kang
Summary: This study evaluated the safety profiles of two types of EV71 vaccines administered in Jiangsu Province, China since 2017. A total of 209, 407, and 344 AEFIs cases were reported between 2017 and 2019, with common symptoms including fever, irritability, and allergic eruptions. No significant differences in rare reactions were found between the two types of vaccines.
Article
Immunology
Yaping Chen, Yanhui Xiao, Ying Ye, Feng Jiang, Hanqing He, Linyun Luo, Haiping Chen, Lubin Shi, Qiuyue Mu, Wei Chen, Xue Guo, Min Zhang, Jun Li, Qinghu Guan, Zhiping Chen, Xiaoming Yang
Summary: This study demonstrates that in infants, coadministration of an inactivated enterovirus 71 vaccine (EV71 vaccine) with trivalent split-virion inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3) is safe and does not interfere with immunogenicity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Shengtao Fan, Yun Liao, Guorun Jiang, Lichun Wang, Heng Zhao, Li Yu, Xingli Xu, Dandan Li, Ying Zhang, Qihan Li
Summary: The study developed a bivalent inactivated EV71/CA16 vaccine that, when administered via the intradermal route, activated innate immunity and induced neutralizing antibodies and specific T cellular responses in adult mice. This successful induction of specific protective antiviral immunity suggests that immunization with this vaccine elicits effective immunity against EV71 and CA16 infection.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lixia Ye, Jieping Chen, Ting Fang, Rui Ma, Jianmei Wang, Xingqiang Pan, Hongjun Dong, Guozhang Xu
Summary: This study investigated the coverage and timeliness of EV71 vaccination among children born in Ningbo, Zhejiang province from 2012 to 2018. Results showed that there is room for improvement in increasing EV71 vaccination coverage and timeliness, especially in addressing disparities among different populations. The study highlights the importance of simultaneous administration in increasing coverage and timeliness of EV71 vaccination.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sherif Marouf, Hazem M. Ibrahim, Muhammed S. El-Naggar, Ayman A. Swelum, Abdulmohsen H. Alqhtani, Mohamed T. El-Saadony, Khaled A. El-Tarabily, Heba M. Salem
Summary: This study aimed to prepare and evaluate a vaccine targeting bacteria, and the results showed that the vaccine provided high protection against Salmonella and Mycoplasma. The vaccine reduced clinical signs and bacterial shedding in vaccinated birds, and did not affect the body weight gain of the birds.
Article
Immunology
Hongchao Jiang, Zhen Zhang, Qing Rao, Xiaodan Wang, Meifen Wang, Tingyi Du, Jiaolian Tang, Shuying Long, Juan Zhang, Jia Luo, Yue Pan, Junying Chen, Jing Ma, Xiaomei Liu, Mao Fan, Tiesong Zhang, Qiangming Sun
Summary: The use of EV-A71 inactivated vaccine in Kunming City significantly reduced the incidence of EV-A71, while increasing the proportion of non-CV-A16/EV-A71 EVs infections. CV-A6 was identified as the most important causative agent in all clinical symptoms, highlighting the need for developing 4-valent combined vaccines to provide broader protection.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Richard I. Walker, A. Louis Bourgeois
Summary: Oral immunization is an effective strategy against mucosal enteric pathogens. Inactivated whole bacterial cells can also induce protective immunity. Developing a safe and simple delivery format with controlled immunogenic amounts of complex antigens is essential. Enhancing the efficacy of whole cell vaccines can be achieved through genetic engineering and the use of mucosal adjuvants. The development of ETVAX, a vaccine candidate against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), has shown promising results.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eun-Je Yi, Young-In Kim, Seung-Yeon Kim, Sung Hyun Ahn, Hyoung Jin Lee, Bohyun Suh, Jaelim Yu, Jeehye Park, Yoon Jung Lee, Eunju Jung, Sun-Young Chang
Summary: Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is a viral infectious disease mainly caused by coxsackievirus (CV) and enterovirus (EV) in children under 5 years old. In the absence of efficient therapeutics, vaccines play a crucial role in preventing HFMD. A bivalent vaccine is needed to provide broad coverage against both CV and EV. This study used Mongolian gerbils as an animal model to investigate the efficacy of a bivalent inactivated EV71 C4a and inactivated CVA16 vaccine. The results showed that the bivalent vaccine induced increased production of Ag-specific IgG antibodies, activated T cell-biased cytokine responses, mitigated paralytic signs, increased survival rate, and decreased viral amplification, indicating its potential as a safe and effective HFMD vaccine candidate.
BIOMOLECULES & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Amit Raychoudhuri, Anjani Kumari Naru, Sitarami Reddy Kanubothula, Ravali Uddala
Summary: The study demonstrates that formalin inactivated Enterovirus D68 is a promising vaccine candidate that induces high levels of antibodies, with the addition of alum adjuvant enhancing its effectiveness.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Chuan-Yu He, Yu-Zhuo Zhang, Meng-Zhi Liu, Hai-Long Zhao, Li-Song Ren, Bao-Shan Liu, Sun He, Ze-Liang Chen
Summary: In this study, it was demonstrated that combined immunization with low dose live Brucella vaccine and inactivated vaccine can reduce the dosage of live vaccine while providing a similar protective effect as high dose live vaccine.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lisanework E. Ayalew, Shelly Popowich, Betty Chow-Lockerbie, Hemlata Gautam, Iresha Subhasinghe, Khawaja Ashfaque Ahmed, Suresh K. Tikoo, Davor Ojkic, Susantha Gomis
Summary: This study developed monovalent and multivalent vaccines to protect broiler chickens from variant avian reoviruses. The use of these vaccines resulted in milder symptoms and reduced lesions in the broiler progenies. However, cross protection was not observed when the challenged virus was different from the vaccine. Challenged progenies from unvaccinated or heterologous ARV challenged groups had significantly reduced body weight gain. However, challenged progenies from the multivalent or monovalent vaccine groups had similar body weight gain as the unchallenged group with significantly reduced viral load.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Serim Min, Sun-Hong Kwon, Yeon-Woo Lee, Jung-Min Lee, Eun Jin Bae, Eui-Kyung Lee
Summary: In South Korea, the ready-to-use hexavalent vaccine offers advantages over the current pentavalent vaccine scheme, including a cost reduction of KRW 47,155 (USD36.22) per infant and a lower infection rate. It can save time and reduce the number of vaccination sessions. The ready-to-use hexavalent vaccine has the potential to improve convenience for infants, parents, and medical professionals while reducing the societal costs of vaccination.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Peter A. M. Ntenda, Alick Sixpence, Tisungane E. Mwenyenkulu, Kondwani Mmanga, Angeziwa C. Chirambo, Andy Bauleni, Owen Nkoka
Summary: The study identified that a small percentage of children in The Gambia were dropping out of vaccination, with a focus on urban residents and women who did not receive adequate antenatal care counseling. Tailored public health interventions targeting urban areas and promoting health education during antenatal care are recommended.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nastiti Kaswandani, Bernie Endyarni Medise, Elcha Leonard, Hindra Irawan Satari, Julitasari Sundoro, Sri Rezeki Harun Hadinegoro, Ade Putra, Putra Fajar Angkasa
Summary: This study evaluated the incidence rate and severity of Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in Indonesia from the first quarter of 2021 to the second quarter of 2022. The results showed that the Sinovac/CoronaVac vaccine used in Indonesia is safe, with most adverse events classified as unrelated to the vaccine or coincidental events.
Article
Immunology
Natalia I. Romanenkova, Thi Thanh Thao Nguyen, Liudmila N. Golitsyna, Natalia V. Ponomareva, Nadezhda R. Rozaeva, Olga I. Kanaeva, Artem V. Leonov, Nadezhda A. Novikova, Maina A. Bichurina
Summary: In South Vietnam, a high proportion of enterovirus 71 (EVA71) was found in cases of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD), enteroviral meningitis, and acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). The majority of EVA71 belonged to genotype C4, while a smaller percentage belonged to genotype B5. This highlights the importance of surveillance, outbreak prediction, and vaccination to combat EVA71-associated infections.
