Article
Virology
Zenglei Hu, Jiangyan Zhao, Lei Shi, Jiao Hu, Shunlin Hu, Xiufan Liu
Summary: This study identified two novel non-neutralizing epitopes in the H7N9 HA protein, with one epitope in the head identified as an immunodominant epitope underlying the induction of non-neutralizing H7N9 antibodies. These findings add new knowledge to the molecular basis for antibody immunity against H7N9 vaccines and have implications for vaccine design and modification.
Article
Immunology
Geoffrey J. Gorse, Stephen Grimes, Helen Buck, Hussain Mulla, Peter White, Heather Hill, Jeanine May, Sharon E. Frey, Peter Blackburn
Summary: The clinical trial of MAS-1 adjuvant showed promising results in enhancing immunogenicity, providing higher protective immunity, and maintaining vaccine efficacy for at least 6 months post-vaccination without safety concerns. This suggests that MAS-1 may offer enhanced, more durable, and broader protective immunity compared to non-adjuvanted vaccines.
Article
Immunology
Geoffrey J. Gorse, Stephen Grimes, Helen Buck, Hussain Mulla, Peter White, Heather Hill, Jeanine May, Sharon E. Frey, Peter Blackburn
Summary: The study showed that MAS-1 adjuvant can enhance immunogenicity while reducing hemagglutinin dose in influenza vaccines. The 0.3 mL dose was found to be safe, but the 0.5 mL dose caused late injection site reactions.
Article
Immunology
Min Z. Levine, Crystal Holiday, Yaohui Bai, Weimin Zhong, Feng Liu, Stacie Jefferson, F. Liaini Gross, Wen-pin Tzeng, Louis Fries, Gale Smith, Philippe Boutet, Damien Friel, Bruce L. Innis, Corey P. Mallett, C. Todd Davis, David E. Wentworth, Ian A. York, James Stevens, Jacqueline M. Katz, Terrence Tumpey
Summary: Influenza A(H7N9) viruses remain a high pandemic threat and pose major challenges in pandemic preparedness strategies through vaccination. The first wave vaccines induce strong antibody responses to the third and fifth wave viruses, but have lower cross-reactivity to the highly pathogenic fifth wave A(H7N9) virus. The US population is largely immunologically naive to A(H7N9) HA.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jingxin Li, Li Zhang, Linlin Bao, Yuxiao Wang, Lin Qiu, Jialei Hu, Rong Tang, Huiyan Yu, Jun Shan, Yan Li, Chuan Qin, Fengcai Zhu
Summary: This study isolated specific B cells from patients infected with H7N9 and generated a human monoclonal antibody (mAb) called 6-137. mAb 6-137 can recognize and neutralize the H7N9 virus, providing preventive and therapeutic effects in mouse models.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anjali Singh, Cesar Boggiano, Michael A. Eller, Milton Maciel Jr, Mary A. Marovich, Vijay L. Mehra, Annie X. Mo, Kentner L. Singleton, Wolfgang W. Leitner
Summary: This report summarizes the highlights of a workshop convened by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), on April 4-5, 2022. The workshop aimed to provide a discussion forum for sharing insights on the current landscape of promising adjuvants in HIV vaccine studies and to gather recommendations on scientific, regulatory, and operational guidelines for bridging the gaps in adjuvant selection and formulation. The NIAID Vaccine Adjuvant Program working group remains committed to promoting promising adjuvants and fostering collaborations between adjuvant and HIV vaccine developers.
Review
Immunology
Lucas J. Kerstetter, Stephen Buckley, Carly M. Bliss, Lynda Coughlan
Summary: The ongoing threat to global health posed by infectious diseases, which have the potential for spillover from animal reservoirs, has increased in frequency due to changes in human behavior. Influenza A viruses present a pandemic threat and are a major concern for human health, with challenges in vaccine development. Non-replicating adenoviral vectors offer advantages for vaccine development against highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, with exemplary safety and immunogenicity profiles.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shuyi Zhong, Hejiang Wei, Mao Li, Yanhui Cheng, Simin Wen, Dayan Wang, Yuelong Shu
Summary: This study found an association between HLA single nucleotide polymorphisms and antibody response to influenza vaccine, which can help in understanding the varied responsiveness to the vaccine in different populations.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Virology
Tugba Y. Yalcin, Deniz Topcu, Ozlem Dogan, Saliha Aydin, Nuran Sari, Cigdem Erol, Zeynep E. Kuloglu, Ozlem K. Azap, Fusun Can, Hande Arslan
Summary: This study evaluated antibody levels after inactivated virus vaccination, finding that individuals previously infected with COVID-19 had higher antibody levels and longer duration of antibody response after a single vaccine dose. A positive correlation between IgGsp antibody titers and neutralizing capacity was also observed, suggesting that quantitative IgGsp values may reflect vaccine neutralization capacity.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Angela Huttner, Selidji Todagbe Agnandji, Olivier Engler, Jay W. Hooper, Steve Kwilas, Keersten Ricks, Tamara L. Clements, Hulda R. Jonsdottir, Sravya Sowdamini Nakka, Sylvia Rothenberger, Peter Kremsner, Roland Zust, Donata Medaglini, Tom Ottenhoff, Ali M. Harandi, Claire-Anne Siegrist
Summary: This study reports the 5-year persistence and avidity of antibodies produced by the live-attenuated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing the Zaire Ebolavirus glycoprotein. The findings suggest that antibody titres at 1 year can predict antibody persistence at 5 years. Additionally, while antibody titres remained stable, the duration of live-virus neutralizing antibodies was shorter.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sara H. Mahmoud, Ahmed A. Khalil, Noura M. Abo Shama, Marwa F. El Sayed, Reem A. Soliman, Naglaa M. Hagag, Nahed Yehia, Mahmoud M. Naguib, Abdel-Sattar Arafa, Mohamed A. Ali, Mounir M. El-Safty, Ahmed Mostafa
Summary: Controlling avian influenza viruses (AIVs) is mainly done through culling infected bird flocks or using inactivated vaccines. New avian influenza virus subtypes have been reported in Egypt, calling for an updated vaccine. In this study, three H5Nx vaccines were generated using reverse genetic system, and their immunogenicity and cross-reactivity were assessed. The results showed that rgH5N1_2.3.4.4 vaccine induced high immunogenicity and provided efficient protection against different H5Nx HPAIVs.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hong-Xing Pan, Jian-Kai Liu, Bao-Ying Huang, Gui-Fan Li, Xian-Yun Chang, Ya-Fei Liu, Wen-Ling Wang, Kai Chu, Jia-Lei Hu, Jing-Xin Li, Dan-Dan Zhu, Jing-Liang Wu, Xiao-Yu Xu, Li Zhang, Meng Wang, Wen-Jie Tan, Wei-Jin Huang, Feng-Cai Zhu
Summary: This study reported the immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, KCONVAC, in healthy adults. The vaccine demonstrated good tolerability and induced robust immune responses in both phase 1 and phase 2 trials.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hang Xie, Ruoxuan Xiang, Hamilton J. Wan, Ewan P. Plant, Peter Radvak, Martina Kosikova, Xing Li, Olga Zoueva, Zhiping Ye, Xiu-Feng Wan
Summary: The study found that postvaccination antibodies induced by the B/Vic vaccine component of the 2019/20 influenza season had reduced HAI cross-reactivity toward predominant 3DEL viruses in the United States. Specifically, antibodies against the 136E+150K subgroup showed significantly lower titers compared to those against the 136E+150N viruses. Close monitoring of the 3DEL 136E+150K subgroup is recommended should it return and predominate the 2020/21 influenza season.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Nijalingappa K. Kalappanavar, Apurba Ghosh, Monika Sharma, Latha Ravichandran, Nirmal Choraria, P. Saravanan, Madhukar Pandey, N. Pradeep, Prachee Shah, Sneha Nair, Ashfaque Shaikh, Serge van de Witte
Summary: This study evaluated the immunogenicity, safety, and tolerability of a quadrivalent influenza vaccine in Indian children and adolescents. The results showed that the vaccine had a positive benefit/risk profile in this population.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Virology
Greg A. Kirchenbaum, Giuseppe A. Sautto, Robert A. Richardson, Jeffrey W. Ecker, Ted M. Ross
Summary: Influenza is highly contagious, affecting millions of people annually. Seasonal vaccination is the best prevention method, but its efficacy is limited. The competitive HAI assay is a new tool to analyze the antibody activity induced by influenza vaccination.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)