Review
Immunology
Ashton Harper, Vineetha Vijayakumar, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Jessica ter Haar, David Obis, Jordi Espadaler, Sylvie Binda, Shrilakshmi Desiraju, Richard Day
Summary: Viral infections continue to pose significant global morbidity and mortality, with factors such as climate change, increased mobility of people and goods, and disruptions in the gastrointestinal microbiome all playing a role. Understanding the complex relationship between the microbiome, viral immunity, and host physiology is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies for viral diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Yunjian Wu, Shan Hu, Changyu Wu, Feng Gu, Ying Yang
Summary: The global infection rate of fungal diseases is increasing year by year, becoming one of the most serious infectious diseases threatening human health. The development of new alternatives to antifungal drugs is essential due to the increasing side effects and fungal resistance. Probiotics, as beneficial microorganisms, have shown inhibitory activity on a wide range of pathogenic fungi and could become a new method for the treatment of fungal diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Shadma Wahab, Dalia Almaghaslah, Syed Esam Mahmood, Md Faruque Ahmad, Abdulrahman A. Alsayegh, Yahya M. Abu Haddash, Mohammad Akhlaquer Rahman, Irfan Ahamd, Wasim Ahmad, Mohammad Khalid, Shazia Usmani, Md Parwez Ahmad, Umme Hani
Summary: Mortality and morbidity from influenza and other respiratory viruses are significant causes of concern worldwide. Probiotics, as a medication, have shown immunomodulating and antiviral properties in treating respiratory viral infections. However, the mechanisms of probiotics in fighting viral infections are sometimes unclear. This comprehensive review addresses probiotic strains, dosage regimens, production procedures, delivery systems, and pre-clinical and clinical research.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Liu Cong, Chaoqun Chen, Shanshan Mao, Zibing Han, Zuobin Zhu, Ying Li
Summary: The morbidity and mortality of invasive fungal infections are increasing gradually, as fungi have developed stronger defense capabilities and resistance to antibiotics. Developing new drugs and strategies to combat these fungi is crucial. Recent research has shown that certain probiotics and intestinal bacteria can inhibit the invasion and colonization of fungi, providing new strategies for resisting invasive fungal infections.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Andrej Steyer, Dusanka Micetic-Turk, Sabina Fijan
Summary: This review summarizes the latest scientific evidence on the antiviral properties of probiotics against rotavirus gastroenteric infections in children. The study found that probiotics can shorten the duration of diarrhea by enhancing immune function and modulating intestinal microbiota. However, the effectiveness of probiotics may be influenced by factors such as dosage, duration of treatment, quality, and other factors.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tatielle Gomes Dias, Liliane dos Santos Rodrigues, Josivan Regis Farias, Ana Lucia Fernandes Pereira, Adriana Gomes Nogueira Ferreira, Marcelino Santos Neto, Richard Pereira Dutra, Aramys Silva Reis, Rosane Nassar Meireles Guerra, Valerio Monteiro-Neto, Marcia Cristina Goncalves Maciel
Summary: With the increasing resistance of bacteria to conventional antibiotics, researchers are turning to alternative strategies such as microbiota modulation to prevent and treat bacterial infections. This review examines the immunomodulatory effects of probiotics in bacterial infections based on an integrative analysis of scientific literature. The most commonly studied bacteria genera were Salmonella, Escherichia, Klebsiella, and Streptococcus, with Lactobacillus being the most frequently used probiotic genus, specifically Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. Prophylactic treatment with probiotic concentrations equal to or greater than 8 log CFU/mL was commonly chosen, although there was heterogeneity in terms of effective treatment duration.
PROBIOTICS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Fabiana Helen Santos, Sandeep K. Panda, Danielle Cristine Mota Ferreira, Gargi Dey, Gustavo Molina, Franciele Maria Pelissari
Summary: Recently, there has been growing interest in nutraceutical compounds for the development of anti-infective and anti-inflammatory nutritional formulations. Various bio-based delivery vehicles, such as micro and nano particles, nano-emulsions, and liposome-based models, have shown potential in enhancing the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of these compounds. This review aims to provide recent information on effective nutraceuticals and suitable delivery vehicles for combating infections and inflammatory conditions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pawel Serek, Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak
Summary: The intestinal barrier, composed of cells, mucus, and microbiota, plays a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis. Disturbances in its tightness can lead to a range of issues, including systemic infections and autoimmune diseases. Zonulin, a protein found in epithelial cells, plays a key regulatory role.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Monika Kumherova, Kristina Vesela, Michaela Kosova, Jaromir Masata, Sarka Horackova, Jan Smidrkal
Summary: This study focused on isolating vaginal lactobacilli from pregnant women and testing their functional properties. The results showed that L. fermentum and L. rhamnosus exhibited high antibacterial activity, while L. crispatus, L. fermentum, and L. rhamnosus showed strong anti-Candida activity. These findings suggest that these lactobacillus strains may be used in probiotic products for the treatment and prevention of vulvovaginal infections in women.
PROBIOTICS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Abdul Raheem, Lin Liang, Guangzhi Zhang, Shangjin Cui
Summary: The widespread use of antibiotics can lead to a range of adverse effects, prompting the search for probiotics as alternatives. Probiotics play an important role in regulating host immune responses, with a focus on their application in infectious disease treatments garnering significant research interest.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jose Antonio Pico-Monllor, Beatriz Ruzafa-Costas, Eva Nunez-Delegido, Pedro Sanchez-Pellicer, Javier Peris-Berraco, Vicente Navarro-Lopez
Summary: Studies have shown that certain probiotic strains can be used to prevent and improve respiratory tract infections. A combination of various probiotics can effectively strengthen the immune system of the healthy working population and reduce symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Richard A. Watson
Summary: The potential role of probiotics in preventing and treating recurrent urinary tract infections has been extensively studied. However, a successful strategy has been difficult to achieve. A new targeted approach, involving the instillation of specific lactobacilli directly into the bladder, shows promise but may require a long-term campaign for clinically proven success.
Article
Microbiology
Ashraf Khalifa, Hairul-Islam Mohamed Ibrahim, Abdullah Sheikh
Summary: This study isolated potential probiotics from camel milk samples and tested them against Salmonella infection and host immune development. Three isolates (PM1, PM5, and PM6) showed significant antimicrobial activities and probiotic traits. PM5, identified as Bacillus subtilis, exhibited substantial effects in reducing Salmonella infection in a chicken model. Supplementation with probiotics can improve the growth performance of broilers and the quality of broiler chickens against enteric pathogens.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ashraf Khalifa, Hairul Islam Mohamed Ibrahim
Summary: In this study, beneficial probiotics, specifically Enterococcus faecium, were isolated from broiler chicken carcasses and found to improve chicken health against Salmonella infections. Chickens fed with E. faecium showed improved body weight, reduced mortality, and lower levels of S. enterica. The presence of E. faecium also led to increased levels of short-chain fatty acids and reduced levels of pro-inflammatory markers. These findings highlight the potential of E. faecium as a preventive measure against bacterial infections in broiler chickens.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Virology
Faizan Ahmed Sadiq
Summary: The prevalence of infectious diseases caused by viruses and bacteria is a global concern, impacting both health and economy. Manipulating human gut microbiota has been shown to play a significant role in immune development, homeostasis, and body metabolism, offering potential new therapeutic strategies for viral infections. Identifying and overcoming challenges in this area of research is crucial for advancing clinical practices in managing viral infections.
Article
Oncology
Yi-Han Chiu, Han-Jung Lei, Kuo-Chin Huang, Yi-Lin Chiang, Chen-Si Lin
JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Oncology
Yi-Han Chiu, Yi-Yen Lee, Kuo-Chin Huang, Cheng-Chi Liu, Chen-Si Lin
JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yu-Ming Liu, Yi-Lin Chan, Tsung-Han Wu, Tsung-Lin Li, Simon Hsia, Yi-Han Chiu, Chang-Jer Wu
Article
Veterinary Sciences
I-Li Liu, Ting-Fang Chung, Wei-Hsiang Huang, Chia-Hui Hsu, Cheng-Chi Liu, Yi-Han Chiu, Kuo-Chin Huang, Albert Tai-Ching Liao, Chen-Si Lin
Summary: Canine melanoma, a malignant tumour with aggressive behavior, shows high expression levels of KMO and STAT3/pSTAT3 proteins, which are associated with reduced survival rates in patients. Inhibition of KMO activity results in decreased cell viability and expressions of STAT3/pSTAT3, suggesting a potential role of KMO/STAT3 interaction in tumor development and as useful biomarkers for prognosis prediction.
VETERINARY AND COMPARATIVE ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yu-Ming Liu, Tsung-Han Wu, Yi-Han Chiu, Hang Wang, Tsung-Lin Li, Simon Hsia, Yi-Lin Chan, Chang-Jer Wu
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Chia-Jung Li, Li-Te Lin, Pei-Yi Chu, An-Jen Chiang, Hsiao-Wen Tsai, Yi-Han Chiu, Mei-Shu Huang, Zhi-Hong Wen, Kuan-Hao Tsui
Summary: The study reveals higher expression of CREB1 gene in ovarian cancer tissue compared to normal tissue, and indicates that high expression of CREB1 gene may lead to poor prognosis. Targeting CREB1 could be a potential tool for the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Chia-Jung Li, Yi-Han Chiu, Chung Chang, Yuan-Chin Ivan Chang, Jim Jinn-Chyuan Sheu, An-Jen Chiang
Summary: Cellular metabolism plays a crucial role in cancer cell and immune cell viability and function. Tumors have a specialized metabolism different from normal cells to meet their anabolic demands, with ACSS2 as a key enzyme synthesizing acetyl-CoA. High expression of ACSS2 in CESC patients is associated with increased immune infiltration and poorer prognosis, indicating its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
Review
Oncology
Chia-Jung Li, Yen-Dun Tony Tzeng, Yi-Han Chiu, Hung-Yu Lin, Ming-Feng Hou, Pei-Yi Chu
Summary: Breast cancer emergencies have rapidly evolved in medicine over the past decade, with targeted therapy emerging as a new important treatment modality that offers advantages over traditional surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.
Review
Cell Biology
Yi-Han Chiu, Shu-Chuan Amy Lin, Chen-Hsin Kuo, Chia-Jung Li
Summary: Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles with fluidity, serving as the main site for cellular aerobic respiration and providing energy for cell proliferation, migration, and survival, known as "powerhouses." They play crucial roles in biological processes such as cell death and senescence. Fission and fusion of mitochondria are active processes requiring specialized proteins that regulate morphology and dynamics of mitochondria.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Chen-Yueh Wen, Kuan-Hao Tsui, Chiung-Hung Chang, Yi-Han Chiu, Shu-Chuan Amy Lin, Ching-Yu Chu, Chia-Jung Li
Summary: This study investigated the clinical relevance of IDH1 gene mutations and its association with immune cell infiltration in prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD). The findings showed that IDH1 mRNA expression was significantly higher in PRAD tissue compared to normal tissue and was associated with poor prognosis in PRAD patients. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, the study also found a correlation between IDH1 expression and the level of immune cell infiltration, particularly immunosuppressive cells. The study also identified potential IDH1-specific drugs for PRAD treatment through pharmacogenetic database screening.
JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei-Yi Chu, Yen-Dun Tony Tzeng, Yi-Han Chiu, Hung-Yu Lin, Chen-Hsin Kuo, Ming-Feng Hou, Chia-Jung Li
Summary: The study found that MARCH5 is significantly overexpressed in several cancers, especially in breast cancer. High MARCH5 expression is associated with poorer overall survival and positively correlated with the number of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in BRCA malignant tissues.
Review
Cell Biology
Chia-Hsin Hsu, Keng-Jung Lee, Yi-Han Chiu, Kuo-Ching Huang, Guo-Shou Wang, Lei-Po Chen, Kuang-Wen Liao, Chen-Si Lin
Summary: Lysosomes play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of melanoma, and understanding their function is critical for improving treatment outcomes for melanoma patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiao-Hsu Ke, Yi-Han Chiu, Kuo-Chin Huang, Chen-Si Lin
Summary: The mechanisms of immunosurveillance, the process by which immune systems identify and destroy tumors, have been studied for decades. However, factors such as immunoediting and the exploitation of inhibitory cytokines by tumors have been found to allow them to evade immune surveillance. Autologous cancer vaccines (ACVs), which contain enriched tumor antigens, have been proposed as a potential immunotherapy, but their low immunogenicity limits their effectiveness. The restructuring of tumor antigens and combinational therapy to reverse suppressive tumor microenvironments show promise in improving the efficacy of ACVs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Yi-Han Chiu, Shiow-Chwen Tsai, Chen -Si Lin, Li-Yu Wang, Kuo-Chin Huang
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of a 12-week 10,000 steps a day walking intervention on body composition, serum lipids, adipose tissue function, and obesity-related cardiometabolic risk between normal weight and overweight/obese female college students. The results showed that the intervention significantly reduced triglyceride, triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and leptin levels in the overweight/obese group, while increasing total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and adiponectin/leptin ratio. However, there were minimal or no changes in these variables in the normal weight group.
JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE & FITNESS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Min-Hua Lai, Chi-Hsun Liao, Nu-Man Tsai, Kai-Fu Chang, Cheng-Chi Liu, Yi-Han Chiu, Kuo-Ching Huang, Chen-Si Lin
Summary: Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO) is a key enzyme in the kynurenine pathway, located on the mitochondrial outer membrane. Dysregulation of KMO is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, but a study on canine mammary gland tumors (cMGT) found KMO can also be aberrantly expressed on cell membranes, indicating a potential therapeutic target for human breast cancers.
