Article
Immunology
Ron Dagan, Bart Adriaan van der Beek, Shalom Ben-Shimol, Tamara Pilishvili, Noga Givon-Lavi
Summary: The study demonstrates that the 7-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal vaccines are effective in protecting against otitis media caused by specific serotypes, especially serotypes 19F and 19A.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Gail L. Rodgers, Cynthia G. Whitney, Keith P. Klugman
Summary: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine has successfully reduced the burden of disease and provided herd protection for those who cannot be vaccinated. While widely rolled out in poor countries, there are still many unvaccinated children in middle income countries. Solutions being considered include reducing doses and supporting more affordable vaccine sources.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Kristina L. Bajema, Ryan Gierke, Monica M. Farley, William Schaffner, Ann Thomas, Arthur L. Reingold, Lee H. Harrison, Ruth Lynfield, Kari E. Burzlaff, Susan Petit, Meghan Barnes, Salina Torres, Paula M. Snippes Vagnone, Bernard Beall, Tamara Pilishvili
Summary: The incidence of antibiotic-nonsusceptible invasive pneumococcal disease (NS-IPD) has decreased in the United States after the introduction of 7- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). However, there has been an increase in nonvaccine type NS-IPD, particularly among older adults. The use of higher valency PCVs containing the common nonsusceptible serotypes could help further reduce NS-IPD.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jiachen Wang, Yujue Wang, Ruoyu Xu, Ting Zhang, Yanyan Jiang, Yuanyuan Wang, Yi Wang, Yuanze Du, Wenxue Sun, Kai Deng, Weizhong Yang, Zengwu Wang, Luzhao Feng, Chunping Wang
Summary: Weifang City implemented an innovative strategy for PCV13 vaccination, providing free vaccines and reducing prices to increase vaccination coverage. However, the coverage is still lower than that in developed countries. To further promote PCV13 vaccination, Weifang City should continue to implement this strategy and explore appropriate financing channels.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Leah J. Ricketson, Julie A. Bettinger, Manish Sadarangani, Scott A. Halperin, James D. Kellner
Summary: An indirect cohort analysis was conducted to examine the vaccine effectiveness of the 7-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines against invasive pneumococcal disease in children in Canada. The study found that PCV7 had an effectiveness of 96% and PCV13 had an effectiveness of 55% against vaccine serotypes. PCV13 had lower effectiveness against serotypes 3 and 19A but still provided good protection against other serotypes.
Article
Immunology
Stefanie Desmet, Heidi Theeten, Lies Laenen, Lize Cuypers, Piet Maes, Wouter Bossuyt, Liesbet Van Heirstraeten, Willy E. Peetermans, Katrien Lagrou
Summary: After switching from PCV13 to PCV10, there was a rapid reemergence of serotype 19A invasive pneumococcal disease in children in Belgium. Whole-genome sequencing revealed 24 sequence types, with ST416 and ST994 being predominant during the PCV10 period.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tianyan Hu, Yan Song, Nicolae Done, Qing Liu, Eric M. Sarpong, Esteban Lemus-Wirtz, James Signorovitch, Salini Mohanty, Thomas Weiss
Summary: This study estimated the annual incidence rates and time trends of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in US children before and after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). The results showed a gradual decline in IPD incidence rates from 1998 to 2018, with larger declines during the early PCV7 and PCV13 periods and among younger children. However, the residual burden of IPD remains substantial.
Article
Immunology
Yan Li, Huaqing Wang, Wesley Furnback, Bruce C. M. Wang, Shuiqing Zhu, Peng Dong
Summary: The study found that vaccinating infants with PCV13 in cities like Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Chengdu, Karamay, Qingdao, and Suzhou is a cost-effective strategy, especially when considering both direct and indirect effects. Vaccination has significant benefits for infant health and improves quality of life while remaining cost-effective.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sheena Crosby, Michael J. Schuh, Michelle Becker, Marina Ivanov, Freddy Caldera, Francis A. Farraye
Summary: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a high risk of developing invasive pneumococcal infection. Pneumococcal vaccination can decrease this risk, and two new vaccines (PCV15 and PCV20) are now recommended for IBD patients who have not received a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine before. This report aims to inform clinicians about the changes in immunization practices and provide guidance on vaccination series for IBD patients.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Satoshi Kamidani, Lakshmi Panagiotakopoulos, Charles Licata, Matthew F. Daley, W. Katherine Yih, Ousseny Zerbo, Hung Fu Tseng, Malini B. DeSilva, Jennifer C. Nelson, Holly C. Groom, Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge, James G. Donahue, Ermias D. Belay, Eric S. Weintraub
Summary: This study investigated the risk of Kawasaki disease (KD) following 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13) and rotavirus vaccines in children under 2 years of age. The results showed that there was no increased risk of KD following PCV13 and rotavirus vaccination in this age group.
Article
Immunology
Kristiana Alexandrova Nikolova, Mikael Andersson, Hans-Christian Slotved, Anders Koch
Summary: The introduction of PCV13 in Greenland's childhood vaccination program in 2010 led to a decrease in overall incidence rates of IPD, with a significant decrease in children but a notable increase among the elderly. The incidence of vaccine serotype IPD decreased across all ages, while non-vaccine serotype IPD increased during the post-PCV13 period, particularly among the elderly aged 60 years and above. Continued surveillance of IPD in the Greenlandic population is needed to monitor the trend.
Article
Microbiology
Erika Kurihara, Kenichi Takeshita, Saori Tanaka, Noriko Takeuchi, Misako Ohkusu, Haruka Hishiki, Naruhiko Ishiwada
Summary: We conducted a study of 34 cases of pediatric pneumococcal meningitis reported after the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in Japan. Our results revealed that non-PCV13 serotypes were the main cause of pneumococcal meningitis in children, and all cases with sequelae and death were caused by non-PCV13 serotypes. Furthermore, all penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains (26.5%; 9/34) belonged to non-PCV13 serotypes. We also analyzed the antimicrobial susceptibilities of isolated S. pneumoniae strains to glycopeptides, linezolid, and daptomycin. All tested strains were susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, and daptomycin, with daptomycin showing the best outcome. Pneumococcal meningitis in children remains an ongoing challenge, and monitoring the serotype and antimicrobial susceptibility of strains is crucial for informing treatment strategies.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Larry S. McDaniel, Edwin Swiatlo
Summary: The emergence of COVID-19 has accelerated the development of new vaccine strategies and provided opportunities for reevaluating vaccines for other pathogens, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. While current pneumococcal vaccines are based on polysaccharides, there is potential in utilizing proteins expressed across all serotypes for more affordable and broadly-protective vaccines.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Lucia Fernandez-Delgado, Jordi Camara, Aida Gonzalez-Diaz, Immaculada Grau, Hisashi Shoji, Fe Tubau, Sara Marti, Ma Angeles Dominguez, Jordi Carratala, Jose Yuste, Carmen Ardanuy
Summary: The study in Spain from 2011 to 2019 showed differences in serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance between age groups and types of pneumococcal pneumonia. Serotypes 3, 19A, 8, and 11A were the most common, with differences in resistance patterns observed based on age and infection type. Vaccine coverages in the recent years ranged from 32% to 69%, highlighting the importance of continuing surveillance and research on the impact of new conjugate vaccines for pneumococcal disease.
Article
Immunology
Ron Dagan, Qin Jiang, Christine Juergens, James Trammel, William C. Gruber, Daniel A. Scott
Summary: This study found that carrier-induced hyporesponsiveness to PCVs is common among infants, varies by serotype, and is influenced by the timing of carriage acquisition and the number of PCV doses administered. The immune response was consistently lower for certain serotypes carried before or at the time of vaccination, while other serotypes did not generally affect immune responses. Additionally, the study identified a complex interrelationship between carriage and immune response among cross-reacting serotypes.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
