Review
Immunology
Zhimin Lu, Shu Yu, Weijun Wang, Wenxian Chen, Xinyan Wang, Keke Wu, Xiaowen Li, Shuangqi Fan, Hongxing Ding, Lin Yi, Jingding Chen
Summary: FMD is a serious disease that affects the global livestock industry, and the development of vaccines plays a key role in controlling outbreaks of FMD.
Article
Immunology
Victoria Primavera, Janine Simmons, Benjamin A. Clark, John G. Neilan, Michael Puckette
Summary: The inclusion of 2B into FMD molecular vaccine constructs enhanced transgene expression when a wildtype 3C protease is present but was detrimental to transgene expression with the 3C(L127P) mutant. This has implications for future molecular FMD vaccine constructs, which may utilize mutant FMDV 3C proteases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaodi Yu, Tina-Marie Mullen, Vahid Abrishami, Juha T. Huiskonen, Glen R. Nemerow, Vijay S. Reddy
Summary: This passage discusses the maturation process of adenoviruses, focusing on the proteolytic processing of various proteins and the subsequent reorganization of the virus core. It highlights the preliminary structures of several precursor proteins, as well as the potential co-assembly of hexons with certain protein precursors. The findings suggest a complex interplay between different forms of proteins during the processing and release from the hexon cavities.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Gerelmaa Ulziibat, Eran Raizman, Amarsanaa Lkhagvasuren, Chris J. M. Bartels, Orgikhbayar Oyun-Erdene, Bodisaikhan Khishgee, Clare Browning, Donald P. King, Anna B. Ludi, Nicholas A. Lyons
Summary: Vaccines are crucial in controlling foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in Mongolia, but logistical challenges make delivering a two-dose primary vaccination course difficult in nomadic pastoralist systems. While highly potent vaccines have shown prolonged immunity, their effectiveness in field conditions with commercially available vaccines has not been confirmed. This study compared neutralizing titres in Mongolian sheep and cattle vaccinated with either a two-dose primary course or a single double-dose vaccine over a 6-month period. The results suggest that the single double-dose regimen may be a cost-effective approach for FMD control in Mongolia.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Chu Zhang, Fan Yang, Justyna Aleksandra Wojdyla, Bo Qin, Wei Zhang, Min Zheng, Weijun Cao, Meitian Wang, Xiaopan Gao, Haixue Zheng, Sheng Cui
Summary: The crystal structure of an FMDV 2C fragment reveals its similarity with enterovirus 2C protein. An anti-FMDV peptide derived from 2C protein disrupts its activity and shows anti-FMDV activity in cells.
Article
Immunology
Kay Childs, Yongjie Harvey, Ryan Waters, Timothy Woma, Ginette Wilsden, Hualu Sun, Peng Sun, Julian Seago
Summary: Foot-and-mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease of livestock that has a severe economic impact on the agriculture industry in many regions. Current vaccines are not effective against the contemporary strains of the disease, particularly in East Africa. Researchers have identified stable strains of the virus and developed a quadrivalent vaccine that generates high neutralizing antibody titers and provides good cross-protection against regional strains.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
B. David Persson, Lijo John, Karim Rafie, Michael Strebl, Lars Frangsmyr, Monika Z. Ballmann, Katja Mindler, Menzo Havenga, Angelique Lemckert, Thilo Stehle, Lars-Anders Carlson, Niklas Arnberg
Summary: This study reveals a noncanonical entry mechanism used by human adenoviruses, where CD46 interacts directly with the hexon protein to infect host cells. CD46 is identified as an important receptor for a large group of adenoviruses, inhibiting infection by 16 out of 17 investigated HAdV-D types.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Virology
Yuqian Yan, Shuping Jing, Liqiang Feng, Jing Zhang, Zhiwei Zeng, Min Li, Shan Zhao, Junxian Ou, Wendong Lan, Wenyi Guan, Xiaowei Wu, Jianguo Wu, Donald Seto, Qiwei Zhang
Summary: HAdVs cause a large number of ARD cases with severe morbidity and mortality, and HAdV-3 is the most common type causing outbreaks. This study constructed a novel recombinant and attenuated adenovirus vaccine candidate against HAdV-3, showing promising safety and efficacy in experiments.
Article
Virology
Danielle M. M. Pierce, Connor Hayward, David J. J. Rowlands, Nicola J. J. Stonehouse, Morgan R. R. Herod
Summary: FMDV is the causative agent of FMD, a significant disease in farmed animals that can result in major economic losses. The replication of this virus involves a highly coordinated processing of nonstructural proteins within membrane-associated compartments. Mutations at the 3B(3)-3C boundary increase the rate of proteolysis and affect the production of enzymatic nonstructural proteins.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Anna B. Ludi, Melissa McLaws, Bryony Armson, Jessica Clark, Antonello Di Nardo, Krupali Parekh, Mark Henstock, Petra Muellner, Ulrich J. Muellner, Fabrizio Rosso, Joaquin M. Prada, Daniel L. Horton, David J. Paton, Keith Sumption, Donald P. King
Summary: This paper introduces a semi-quantitative FMD vaccine strain selection tool, PRAGMATIST, which combines multiple strands of evidence to identify the most suitable vaccine strains for inclusion in antigen banks. By estimating the risk of incursion, the relative prevalence of FMD viral lineages, and the effectiveness of vaccines against specific FMDV lineages, this tool can prioritize vaccine strains that address the highest threats. The study highlights the variation in vaccine antigens required for different regions based on risk, with the vaccine coverage score having the most significant impact on the estimated risk covered by each vaccine, especially for those that provide substantial coverage across multiple lineages.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Asela Weerawardhana, Md Bashir Uddin, Joo-Hyung Choi, Prabuddha Pathinayake, Sung Ho Shin, Kiramage Chathuranga, Jong-Hyeon Park, Jong-Soo Lee
Summary: The study reveals that the 2B protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) modulates the host interferon (IFN) signaling pathway by degrading RIG-I and MDA5 proteins, leading to inhibition of IFN production. This finding provides valuable insights into the immune evasion mechanism of FMDV and offers a rational approach for virus attenuation in vaccine development.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zhicheng Du, Yong Huang, Michael S. Bloom, Zhoubin Zhang, Zhicong Yang, Jianyun Lu, Jianxiong Xu, Yuantao Hao
Summary: The study revealed that in Guangzhou, China, a two-dose EV71 vaccination can effectively reduce the risk of HFMD, especially for 3-year-old children. Real-world evidence supports the need for an expanded program of EV71 vaccination.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jianli Tang, Sahibzada Waheed Abdullah, Pinghua Li, Jin'en Wu, Chenchen Pei, Suyu Mu, Yunlu Wang, Shiqi Sun, Huichen Guo
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of HSP60 in FMDV infection, including its involvement in viral RNA replication and mRNA translation, as well as its interaction with FMDV nonstructural proteins 3A and 2C in the replication complex. Modulating the expression of HSP60 can significantly reduce the pathogenicity of FMDV.
Article
Immunology
Seong Yun Hwang, Sung Ho Shin, Hyun Mi Kim, SeHee Shin, Min Ja Lee, Su-Mi Kim, Jong-Soo Lee, Jong-Hyeon Park
Summary: In this study, a potent vaccine strain was developed to provide complete protection against FMD type O viruses of Southeast Asia, Middle East-South Asia, and Cathay topotypes. Mice immunized with the experimental vaccines were fully protected against these viruses. PA2-VP1 showed higher neutralizing antibody titers than JC-VP1 in early vaccination phase in pigs.
Article
Microbiology
Mi-Kyeong Ko, Jong-Hyeon Park, Hye-Eun Jo, Joo-Hyung Choi, Su-Hwa You, Sung Ho Shin, Seong Yun Hwang, Hyundong Jo, Hyun Mi Kim, Min Ja Lee, Su-Mi Kim, Byounghan Kim
Summary: The study developed two vaccine strains to prevent Asia1 type foot-and-mouth disease virus effectively. Immunogenicity tests in mice, cattle, and pigs showed that these vaccines can generate sufficient antibodies to protect animals against viral challenges, especially showing significant protection in pigs.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
J. M. Pacheco, B. Brito, E. Hartwig, G. R. Smoliga, A. Perez, J. Arzt, L. L. Rodriguez
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2017)
Article
Infectious Diseases
H. C. de Carvalho Ferreira, S. J. Pauszek, A. Ludi, C. L. Huston, J. M. Pacheco, V. T. Le, P. T. Nguyen, H. H. Bui, T. D. Nguyen, T. Nguyen, T. T. Nguyen, L. T. Ngo, D. H. Do, L. Rodriguez, J. Arzt
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2017)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Michael Eschbaumer, Carolina Stenfeldt, Steven I. Rekant, Juan M. Pacheco, Ethan J. Hartwig, George R. Smoliga, Mary A. Kenney, William T. Golde, Luis L. Rodriguez, Jonathan Arzt
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2016)
Article
Pathology
J. M. Pacheco, C. Stenfeldt, L. L. Rodriguez, J. Arzt
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Virology
Carolina Stenfeldt, Michael Eschbaumer, Steven I. Rekant, Juan M. Pacheco, George R. Smoliga, Ethan J. Hartwig, Luis L. Rodriguez, Jonathan Arzt
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2016)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael Eschbaumer, Carolina Stenfeldt, George R. Smoliga, Juan M. Pacheco, Luis L. Rodriguez, Robert W. Li, James Zhu, Jonathan Arzt
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Michael Eschbaumer, Carolina Stenfeldt, Juan M. Pacheco, Steven I. Rekant, Jonathan Arzt
VETERINARY CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Virology
Michael Puckette, Benjamin A. Clark, Justin D. Smith, Traci Turecek, Erica Martel, Lindsay Gabbert, Melia Pisano, William Hurtle, Juan M. Pacheco, Jose Barrera, John G. Neilan, Max Rasmussen
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2017)
Article
Virology
Jonathan Arzt, Juan M. Pacheco, Carolina Stenfeldt, Luis L. Rodriguez
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Chungwon J. Chung, Alfonso Clavijo, Mangkey A. Bounpheng, Sabena Uddowla, Abu Sayed, Brooke Dancho, Ian C. Olesen, Juan Pacheco, Barbara J. Kamicker, David A. Brake, Carey L. Bandaranayaka-Mudiyanselage, Stephen S. Lee, Devendra K. Rai, Elizabeth Rieder
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
(2018)
Article
Virology
Carolina Stenfeldt, Jonathan Arzt, Juan M. Pacheco, Douglas P. Gladue, George R. Smoliga, Ediane B. Silva, Luis L. Rodriguez, Manuel V. Borca
Article
Microbiology
Lauro Velazquez-Salinas, Steven J. Pauszek, Carolina Stenfeldt, Emily S. O'Hearn, Juan M. Pacheco, Manuel Borca, Antonio Verdugo-Rodriguez, Jonathan Arzt, Luis L. Rodriguez
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Immunology
Tatjana Sitt, Mary Kenney, Jose Barrera, Mital Pandya, Korin Eckstrom, Megan Warner, Juan M. Pacheco, Michael LaRocco, Javier Palarea-Albaladejo, David Brake, Elizabeth Rieder, Jonathan Arzt, John W. Barlow, William T. Golde
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carolina Stenfeldt, Juan M. Pacheco, Nagendrakumar B. Singanallur, Wilna Vosloo, Luis L. Rodriguez, Jonathan Arzt
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
N. B. Singanallur, J. M. Pacheco, J. Arzt, C. Stenfeldt, G. T. Fosgate, L. Rodriguez, W. Vosloo
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2017)