Journal
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 1308-1315Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.01.016
Keywords
Bio-based materials; Nanoparticles; Eggshell; Ultrasonic irradiation; Mechanochemical
Categories
Funding
- NSF-CREST [1137681]
- Alabama EPSCoR [1158862]
- Alabama Commission on Higher Education
- EPSCoR
- Office Of The Director [1006661] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Office Of The Director
- EPSCoR [1158862] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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A novel combination of mechanochemical and sonochemical techniques was developed to produce high-surface-area, bio-based calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles from eggshells. Size reduction of eggshell achieved via mechanochemical and followed by sonochemical method. First, eggshells were cleaned and ground, then ball milled in wet condition using polypropylene glycol for ten hours to produce fine particles. The ball milled eggshell particles were then irradiated with a high intensity ultrasonic horn (Ti-horn, 20 kHz, and 100 W/cm(2)) in the presence of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF); decahydronaphthalene (Decalin); or tetrahydrofuran (THF). The ultrasonic irradiation times varied from I to 5 h. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) studies showed that the resultant particle shapes and sizes were different from each solvent. The sonochemical effect of DMF is more pronounced and the particles were irregular platelets of similar to 10 nm. The BET surface area (43.687 m(2)/g) of these nanoparticles is much higher than that of other nanoparticles derived from eggshells. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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