Article
Chemistry, Physical
David Cooper, Christophe Licitra, Younes Boussadi, Badhise Ben-Bakir, Bruno Masenelli
Summary: The optoelectronic properties of a red emitting AlGaInP micro-diode device were measured using standard methods. The changes in electrostatic potential as a function of applied forward bias voltage were analyzed using off-axis electron holography. It was demonstrated that both the quantum wells and the band structure of the diode align at the same energy level at the threshold voltage for light emission. The research showed that off-axis electron holography is a valuable tool for measuring potential distribution in optoelectronic devices.
Article
Optics
Jakob Soltau, Paul Meyer, Robert Hartmann, Lothar Strueder, Heike Soltau, Tim Salditt
Summary: We propose a full-field x-ray fluorescence imaging approach using a Fresnel zone plate as a coded aperture. The incoherent image formation is identical to the coherent propagation image of an equivalent absorption object. Prior knowledge of the coded aperture structure and position is no longer required, and fast and robust reconstruction algorithms can be applied. This imaging scheme is suitable for further dissemination of x-ray fluorescence imaging and enables full-field imaging of other incoherent radiation processes.
Article
Optics
Iksung Kang, Alexandre Goy, George Barbastathis
Summary: The study demonstrates that using a dynamic method is suitable for volumetric reconstruction under a limited-angle scheme, accurately reconstructing volume interiors under conditions of both weak and strong scattering.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jean-Philippe Monchoux, Daniel Ferry
Summary: The habit planes of dislocations moving by glide and climb at 850-900 degrees C have been determined in three dimensions (3D) using electron tomography. A digital 3D reconstruction approach based on algorithms developed in life sciences was implemented to obtain habit planes orientations with +5 degrees accuracy. The study revealed that previously identified climbing a[001] pure edge dislocations loops actually constitute Bardeen-Herring sources. Mixed-climb in {011) planes and coexistence of gliding and climbing dislocation segments in the same region of the crystal were also observed. This highlights the importance of controlling both the glide and climb mechanisms to improve material's strength at 850-900 degrees C using suitable solutes.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jie E. Yang, Matthew R. Larson, Bryan S. Sibert, Joseph Y. Kim, Daniel Parrell, Juan C. Sanchez, Victoria Pappas, Anil Kumar, Kai Cai, Keith Thompson, Elizabeth R. Wright
Summary: In this paper, robust tools for montage parallel array cryo-tomography (MPACT) tailored for vitrified specimens are presented, which can image large fields of view while preserving high-resolution structural information. The combination of multiple techniques in MPACT supports studies that contextually define the three-dimensional architecture of cells, and it provides flexibility and efficient data processing and analysis.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fengshan Zheng, Vadim Migunov, Jan Caron, Hongchu Du, Giulio Pozzi, Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski
Summary: We demonstrate the quantitative 3D mapping of charge density and electric field in an electrically biased carbon fiber nanotip with a spatial resolution of approximately 5 nm using electron holographic tomography in the transmission electron microscope combined with model-based iterative reconstruction. This approach can be extended to study various nanoscale materials and devices.
Article
Mechanics
Sheng-Nan Wang, Francesco Giorgio-Serchi, Yun-Jie Yang
Summary: This paper presents a new approach to quantitatively evaluate the performance of Electrical Tomography (ET) in measuring dynamic multiphase flows. A virtual multiphase flow imaging platform based on ET is constructed and demonstrated on two typical gas-liquid flows. The results show improved capability in capturing the key flow features of fluid mixture compared to traditional static phantoms, and highlight the potential of ET in quantitative characterization of complex mult-phase systems.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Thang L. Nguyen, Soorya Pradeep, Robert L. Judson-Torres, Jason Reed, Michael A. Teitell, Thomas A. Zangle
Summary: Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is a label-free, wide-field microscopy technique with significant applications in biomedical research. It quantifies biomass distribution and changes by measuring the natural phase shift of light passing through a transparent object. QPI has been used to study cell size, morphology, behavior, drug efficacy, and more, supporting research in development, physiology, neural activity, cancer, and other fields.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Bokyeong Lee, Hyeonggil Choi, Byongwang Min, Jungrim Ryu, Dong-Eun Lee
Summary: This study developed a software for automatic formwork design by interpreting BIM data of the target structure, confirming the feasibility of automatic formwork layout for wall and deck members.
AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Kyle M. Champley, Trevor M. Willey, Hyojin Kim, Karina Bond, Steven M. Glenn, Jerel A. Smith, Jeffrey S. Kallman, William D. Brown, Isaac M. Seetho, Lionel Keene, Stephen G. Azevedo, Larry D. McMichael, George Overturf, Harry E. Martz
Summary: This paper introduces Livermore Tomography Tools (LTT), a customizable scientific software package for computed tomography (CT) research. LTT is capable of processing various CT data accurately and rapidly, with support for multiple CPUs and GPUs. It offers 88 algorithms for pre-processing, reconstruction, post-processing, and simulation, and supports different scanner geometries. Several applications demonstrate LTT's accuracy, speed, and flexibility compared to other solutions.
NDT & E INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seungwon Choi, Seunghyuk Moon, Jongduk Baek
Summary: Several sinogram inpainting based metal artifact reduction methods have been proposed, but existing methods are not effective in the presence of data truncation. This paper introduces a new MAR method that involves using a newly synthesized sinogram to reduce metal artifact effectively. The proposed method shows significant improvement in reducing residual metal artifacts compared to previous methods.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Ye Zhou, Amit Moscovich, Alberto Bartesaghi
Summary: This study proposes an approach for automatically determining the number of discrete conformations in heterogeneous single-particle cryo-EM datasets. By evaluating all possible data partitions and selecting the result with the maximum average variance, the analysis of protein complexes with varying degrees of structural heterogeneity has been successfully conducted.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Avi Auslender, George Levi, Vladimir Ezersky, Semen Gorfman, Oswaldo Dieguez, Amit Kohn
Summary: The research focused on the relationship between the mean-inner-potential (MIP) of anisotropic materials and the mean orbital electron radii and diamagnetic susceptibilities. Analyses of the structure and properties of graphite crystals were conducted through off-axis electron holography experiments, revealing significant anisotropy.
Article
Microscopy
J. Lindner, U. Ross, T. Meyer, V. Boureau, M. Seibt, Ch. Jooss
Summary: Phase-shifting electron holography is an excellent method with high phase sensitivity to reveal electron wave phase information. An advanced drift correction scheme is proposed in this study, which exploits the interface of the TEM specimen and the vacuum area in the hologram. This method allows for obtaining reliable phase information.
Article
Physics, Applied
Yusei Sasaki, Kazuo Yamamoto, Satoshi Anada, Tsukasa Hirayama, Noriyuki Yoshimoto
Summary: The research demonstrates the presence of three different electric fields in the bilayer organic light emitting diode structure, corresponding to the alpha-NPD layer, the area near the alpha-NPD/Alq(3) interface, and the Alq(3) layer. These fields are associated with hole accumulation, charge carrier accumulation around the interface, and spontaneous surface potential polarization in the respective layers.
APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Marisa Hoffmann, Daniel Schletz, Anja Maria Steiner, Daniel Wolf, Martin Mayer, Andreas Fery
Summary: The synthesis of conjugated polymer-gold-silver hybrid colloids allows for the utilization of plasmonic energy in real-world applications by using silver as the central plasmonic material and prolonging the internal relaxation through a heterojunction with a conductive polymer shell.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Felix Hansen, Rico Fucke, Titouan Charvin, Samuel Froeschke, Daniel Wolf, Romain Giraud, Joseph Dufouleur, Nico Graessler, Bernd Buechner, Peer Schmidt, Silke Hampel
Summary: This study proposes a method for the synthesis of mixed crystals of bismuth and antimony tellurides, which belong to the V2VI3 material family. The ideal synthesis conditions were determined through thermodynamic calculations and optimization experiments. The synthesized nanosheets exhibit high crystallinity and quality, with a significantly reduced carrier density compared to the binary compounds.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2022)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohammad Soleimani, Luco Rutten, Sai Prakash Maddala, Hanglong Wu, E. Deniz Eren, Brahim Mezari, Ingeborg Schreur-Piet, Heiner Friedrich, Rolf A. T. M. van Benthem
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohammad Soleimani, Sai P. Maddala, Martijn Wismans, Wei-Chih Liao, Lambert C. A. van Breemen, Rolf A. T. M. van Benthem, Heiner Friedrich
Summary: Determining the mechanical properties of thin films is crucial for new applications, and this study presents a versatile approach using focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) and micromanipulators to fabricate free-standing silica beams of desired dimensions. In situ bending tests inside the SEM, as well as finite element method simulations, were conducted to determine the Young's modulus of thin-film silica and evaluate the effects of gallium ion beam radiation and controlled relative humidity on its mechanical behavior. The demonstrated FIB-SEM approach can be applied to measure and optimize mechanical properties of thin films for various applications.
ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shanshan Guo, Baomin Wang, Daniel Wolf, Axel Lubk, Weixing Xia, Mingkun Wang, Yao Xiao, Junfeng Cui, Dhanapal Pravarthana, Zehua Dou, Karin Leistner, Run-Wei Li, Ruben Huehne, Kornelius Nielsch
Summary: This study successfully achieved hierarchical La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin films with well-defined crystallographic orientations, which significantly broadened the temperature range of the magnetic transition and extended the working window of colossal magnetoresistance. The findings suggest a promising approach for altering magnetic transitions and enhancing phase-transition-related effects in functional oxides.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yejin Lee, Mickey Martini, Tommaso Confalone, Sanaz Shokri, Christian N. Saggau, Daniel Wolf, Genda Gu, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Domenico Montemurro, Valerii M. Vinokur, Kornelius Nielsch, Nicola Poccia
Summary: A new method of fabricating twisted van der Waals heterostructures can improve the performance of Josephson junctions in high-temperature cuprate superconductors, making them comparable to intrinsic junctions in bulk samples. The method combines cryogenic stacking and covering the interface with insulating hexagonal boron nitride crystals. The study also shows that encapsulated interfaces are more stable than unencapsulated ones.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pavlo Makushko, Tobias Kosub, Oleksandr Pylypovskyi, Natascha Hedrich, Jiang Li, Alexej Pashkin, Stanislav Avdoshenko, Rene Huebner, Fabian Ganss, Daniel Wolf, Axel Lubk, Maciej Oskar Liedke, Maik Butterling, Andreas Wagner, Kai Wagner, Brendan J. Shields, Paul Lehmann, Igor Veremchuk, Juergen Fassbender, Patrick Maletinsky, Denys Makarov
Summary: This study explores flexomagnetism in Cr2O3 thin films and demonstrates that mechanical strain gradient can impact magnetic phase transition. The flexomagnetic effect allows antiferromagnetic ordering to persist at higher temperatures, making it potentially relevant for industrial applications.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander E. Kossak, Mantao Huang, Pooja Reddy, Daniel Wolf, Geoffrey S. D. Beach
Summary: In the field of antiferromagnetic (AFM) spintronics, efforts are being made to use AFMs as active components for efficient and fast devices by manipulating the AFM Neel vector. This study presents a method of enabling AFM active components by directly controlling the magnetic order. By utilizing magneto-ionic gating of hydrogen, the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction in solid-state synthetic AFM multilayer devices can be dynamically controlled, allowing for continuous transitions from AFM to FM and vice versa with submillisecond switching at room temperature.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Norbert H. H. Freitag, Christopher F. F. Reiche, Volker Neu, Parul Devi, Ulrich Burkhardt, Claudia Felser, Daniel Wolf, Axel Lubk, Bernd Buechner, Thomas Muehl
Summary: This article presents a quantitative magnetic force microscopy technique that can simultaneously map one magnetic stray-field component and its spatial derivative. It is applied to investigate circular magnetic nano-domains in MnNiGa bulk samples, providing bubble diameters and spatial extent in depth. The experimental results indicate that the magnetic bubbles have a significant spatial extent in depth and a buried bubble top base.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Samuel Froeschke, Nadia Yasmen, Alexey A. Popov, Sandra Schiemenz, Daniel Wolf, Lars Giebeler, Martin Hantusch, Nico Graessler, Bernd Buechner, Peer Schmidt, Silke Hampel
Summary: This study presents a detailed investigation on the synthesis and nanoplatelet growth of CrBr( x )Cl(3-x ) and CrBr x I3-x solid solutions. It is found that the composition of the solid solution can be controlled by the choice of the starting material. The delaminated CrBr x Cl3-x nanoplatelets can be used to study the property changes of these solid solutions when downscaled.
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Oleksii M. Volkov, Daniel Wolf, Oleksandr V. Pylypovskyi, Attila Kakay, Denis D. Sheka, Bernd Buechner, Juergen Fassbender, Axel Lubk, Denys Makarov
Summary: Chiral effects originate from the lack of inversion symmetry within the lattice unit cell or sample's shape. Being mapped onto magnetic ordering, chirality enables topologically non-trivial textures with a given handedness. In this study, the existence of a static 3D texture characterized by two magnetochiral parameters, magnetic helicity of the vortex and geometrical chirality of the core string, is demonstrated in a geometrically curved asymmetric permalloy cap.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Samuel Froeschke, Karl-Georg Schroth, Udo Steiner, Alexey Popov, Sandra Schiemenz, Daniel Wolf, Lars Giebeler, Nico Graessler, Bernd Buechner, Peer Schmidt, Silke Hampel
Summary: In this study, 2D rhodium trihalide solid solutions, RhBr(x)Cl3-x and RhBr(x)I3-x, were synthesized for the first time. Thermodynamic simulations and thermal analysis were used to predict synthesis conditions and investigate suitable chemical vapor transport parameters. The lattice parameters of the synthesized compounds were investigated by powder x-ray diffraction, showing compliance with Vegard's law. The optical band gap of these materials can be tuned by choosing the composition of the solid solution, making them potential candidates for optoelectronic devices.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Christian N. Saggau, Sanaz Shokri, Mickey Martini, Tommaso Confalone, Yejin Lee, Daniel Wolf, Genda Gu, Valentina Brosco, Domenico Montemurro, Valerii M. Vinokur, Kornelius Nielsch, Nicola Poccia
Summary: Superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x films have inherent properties that make them promising for quantum computing and communication technologies. However, preserving the superconducting properties during device fabrication is a challenge. Researchers have developed a novel fabrication technique using cryogenic dry transfer of printable circuits to create two-dimensional superconducting devices. The fabricated devices show high superconducting transition temperatures and stable properties.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Konrad Kosiba, Daniel Wolf, Matthias Bonisch, Kai Neufeld, Ruben Huehne, Tobias Gustmann, Jozef Bednarcik, Hongyu Chen, Xiaoliang Han, Volker Hoffmann, Lukas Beyer, Uta Kuehn, Sergio Scudino, Lars Giebeler, Julia K. Hufenbach
Summary: This study demonstrates the successful fabrication of dense parts (99.8%) by LPBF using Fe85Cr4Mo1V1W8C1 high-carbon steel. The LPBF-fabricated steel shows good mechanical and wear performance, indicating its potential application in tooling.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
E. Deniz Eren, Mohammad-Amin Moradi, Mark M. J. van Rijt, Bernette M. Oosterlaken, Heiner Friedrich, Gijsbertus de With
Summary: Controlling the assembly and morphology of nanoscale functional building blocks is crucial for hybrid and porous nanomaterials. In this paper, we discuss the self-assembly of a wide range of supraparticles, labeled as AB particles, and an extension to novel ternary particles, labeled as ABC particles, by combining different spherical nanoparticles with various size ratios in a hierarchical assembly process. By controlling the electrostatic interactions and concentrations between organic and inorganic nanoparticles, we were able to achieve hierarchically ordered, stable supraparticles with complete or partial coverage. We used cryo-electron tomography to visualize and determine the structural characteristics of the binary and ternary supraparticles formed under different conditions.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
(2022)
Article
Microscopy
C. Gao, C. Hofer, T. J. Pennycook
Summary: Ptychography provides high dose efficiency images that can reveal light elements next to heavy atoms. However, contrast reversals can occur when the projected potential becomes strong. Recent research has shown that these reversals can be counteracted by adapting the focus. This study explains why the best contrast is often found with the probe focused to the middle of the sample and highlights the importance of convergence angle in thin samples to remove contrast reversals.
Article
Microscopy
J. Lindner, U. Ross, T. Meyer, V. Boureau, M. Seibt, Ch. Jooss
Summary: Phase-shifting electron holography is an excellent method with high phase sensitivity to reveal electron wave phase information. An advanced drift correction scheme is proposed in this study, which exploits the interface of the TEM specimen and the vacuum area in the hologram. This method allows for obtaining reliable phase information.
Article
Microscopy
Ali Jaberi, Nicolas Brodusch, Jun Song, Raynald Gauvin
Summary: This study investigates knock-on damage in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) by computing threshold displacement energies (TDEs) and performing Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicate that Li is most sensitive to knock-on damage at moderate electron energies, and TDE is the principal parameter for assessing Li sensitivity to knock-on damage across similar structures.
Article
Microscopy
Alexander Schroeder, Christopher Rathje, Leon van Velzen, Maurits Kelder, Sascha Schaefer
Summary: This study utilizes novel event-based electron detector platforms to extend the temporal resolution of electron microscopy. By training a neural network to predict electron arrival time, the researchers were able to improve the timing accuracy and achieve a promising solution for enhancing electron timing precision in various electron microscopy applications.
Article
Microscopy
Avi Auslender, Nivedita Pandey, Amit Kohn, Oswaldo Dieguez
Summary: This article describes a faster implementation based on DFT for computing the mean inner potential of crystals, providing quantum-mechanical calculations beyond the independent-atom approximation. The study also reveals the dependence of the mean inner potential on sample boundary conditions, mass density, and magnetic susceptibility, highlighting its correlation with various material properties.
Article
Microscopy
Zhidong Yang, Dawei Zang, Hongjia Li, Zhao Zhang, Fa Zhang, Renmin Han
Summary: In this work, we propose a self-supervised deep learning model for cryo-ET volumetric image denoising based on noise modeling and sparsity guidance. Experimental results demonstrate that our method can achieve reliable denoising by training on single noisy volume and outperform existing methods.
Article
Microscopy
J. Kuttruff, J. Holder, Y. Meng, P. Baum
Summary: In this study, a robust clustering algorithm is proposed that can find clusters in a continuous stream of raw data in real time. This algorithm converts pixel hits measured by hybrid pixel detectors to real single-electron events. By continuously comparing with previous hits, the algorithm efficiently identifies the merging of new and old events.
Article
Microscopy
D. G. Senturk, C. P. Yu, A. De Backer, S. Van Aert
Summary: This article presents a statistics-based method for accurately counting the number of atoms in nanostructures, especially for images acquired with low electron doses and multiple element structures.
Article
Microscopy
Mauricio J. Prieto, Lucas de Souza Caldas, Liviu C. Tanase, Thomas Schmidt, Oscar Rodriguez de la Fuente
Summary: This study presents a synchrotron-based investigation of the synthesis process of a magnetite/hematite bilayer. Ion bombardment gradually transforms hematite into magnetite, and the growth of magnetite leads to the formation of stable boundaries. These findings are significant for understanding novel oxide heterostructures.
Article
Microscopy
Emre Yoruk, Holger Klein, Stephanie Kodjikian
Summary: Beam sensitive nanomaterials pose challenges for crystallographic structure determination. A dose symmetric electron diffraction tomography (DS-EDT) method is developed to reduce beam damage and obtain complete data sets by merging individual datasets from multiple crystals.
Article
Microscopy
A. Pofelski, Y. Zhu, G. A. Botton
Summary: The precision and sensitivity of the GPA method for strain characterization is a widely discussed topic. This study introduces the concept of phase noise and analyzes the parameter of sampling to improve the precision of GPA. Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that using a larger pixel spacing in STEM can enhance the precision and sensitivity of the GPA method.
Article
Microscopy
Sangjun Kang, Di Wang, Christian Kuebel, Xiaoke Mu
Summary: Transmission electron microscopy is a valuable tool for assessing strain fields within materials. However, using thin specimens in TEM analysis can affect atomic configuration and deformation structure.
