Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Miguel Arratia, Zhong-Bo Kang, Sebouh J. Paul, Alexei Prokudin, Felix Ringer, Fanyi Zhao
Summary: We investigate the potential of jet observables in charged-current deep inelastic scattering events at the future Electron-Ion Collider. By tagging jets with a recoiling neutrino and identifying it through the event's missing transverse momentum, we can make flavor-sensitive measurements of transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions. We present the first predictions for transverse-spin asymmetries in azimuthal neutrino-jet correlations and hadron-in-jet measurements.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
P. Adsley, M. Heine, D. G. Jenkins, S. Courtin, R. Neveling, J. W. Brummer, L. M. Donaldson, N. Y. Kheswa, K. C. W. Li, D. J. Marin-Lambarri, P. Z. Mabika, P. Papka, L. Pellegri, V Pesudo, B. Rebeiro, F. D. Smit, W. Yahia-Cherif
Summary: Carbon burning plays a significant role in the evolution of stars and supernovae. The difficulty lies in determining the fusion cross section for C-12 + C-12 at the relevant energies due to resonances. A study of the Mg-24(alpha, alpha')Mg-24 reaction has identified several states that may have a dominant C-12 + C-12 cluster structure.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
H. Yang, A. Bermudez Martinez, L. I. Estevez Banos, F. Hautmann, H. Jung, M. Mendizabal, K. Moral Figueroa, S. Prestel, S. Taheri Monfared, A. M. van Kampen, Q. Wang, K. Wichmann
Summary: The study computes azimuthal correlations in large transverse momenta Z+jet production by matching PB TMD parton distributions and NLO calculations, and compares them with dijet production results. The different patterns of azimuthal correlations between Z+jet and dijet production at high transverse momenta can be used to search for potential factorization-breaking effects.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Arun Parthasarathy, Egecan Cogulu, Andrew D. Kent, Shaloo Rakheja
Summary: This study discusses the precession and stability of the Neel order of antiferromagnets subjected to spin torque, focusing on the requirements for in-plane and normal components of spin polarization. The precessional motion is described as a damped-driven pendulum with hysteresis, showing critical values and frequency dependencies on the spin current.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Maral Salajegheh, Hamzeh Khanpour, Ulf-G. Meissner, Hadi Hashamipour, Maryam Soleymaninia
Summary: This study presents an updated set of SKMHS diffractive parton distribution functions (PDFs), including the recent diffractive dijet cross-section measurement. The new sets, SKMHS23 and SKMHS23-dijet, are presented at NLO and NNLO accuracy in perturbative QCD. The effect of diffractive dijet data and higher-order QCD corrections on the extracted PDFs and data/theory agreements are clearly examined and discussed.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lei Wang, Zhong-Bo Kang, Hongxi Xing, Ben-Wei Zhang
Summary: This study calculates semi-inclusive jet functions and fragmenting jet functions at next-to-leading order within the framework of soft collinear effective theory. The results are compared for different jet algorithms and new results are obtained for fragmenting jet functions. Renormalization-group equations are derived and shown to follow evolution equations independent of specific jet algorithms, with potential applications for highly collimated jets.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. I. Alekhin, S. A. Kulagin, R. Petti
Summary: We present the findings of a global QCD analysis that incorporates deep-inelastic scattering data from 1H, 2H, 3H, and 3He targets. We account for nuclear corrections using a nuclear convolution approach with off-shell bound nucleons, including the off-shell corrections responsible for the modification of the bound nucleons' structure functions (SFs). These corrections are determined in a global fit, along with the proton parton distribution functions (PDFs) and higher-twist terms. We examine the differences between protons and neutrons in terms of the off-shell correction and discuss our predictions for the ratio of the SFs Fn2/Fp2 and the corresponding PDF ratio d/u in the proton, as well as their correlations with the treatment of higher-twist terms and off-shell corrections. Notably, we find that the recent MARATHON data support equal relative off-shell corrections for both protons and neutrons.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
S. Kegel, P. Achenbach, S. Bacca, N. Barnea, J. Bericic, D. Bosnar, L. Correa, M. O. Distler, A. Esser, H. Fonvieille, I. Friscic, M. Heilig, P. Herrmann, M. Hoek, P. Klag, T. Kolar, W. Leidemann, H. Merkel, M. Mihovilovic, J. Mueller, U. Mueller, G. Orlandini, J. Pochodzalla, B. S. Schlimme, M. Schoth, F. Schulz, C. Sfienti, S. Sirea, R. Spreckels, Y. Stoettinger, M. Thiel, A. Tyukin, T. Walcher, A. Weber
Summary: We conduct a comprehensive study on the alpha-particle excitation process from its ground state to the resonance state. By performing an electron scattering experiment, we investigate the monopole transition form factor in a wide range of Q2 values. The newly obtained data show significantly higher precision compared to previous data sets, enabling the determination of two coefficients in a low-momentum expansion and revealing a new puzzle. Our experimental results, when compared to state-of-the-art theoretical calculations, indicate a failure of modern nuclear forces, including those derived from chiral effective field theory.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Pablo G. Jambrina, James F. E. Croft, Junxiang Zuo, Hua Guo, Naduvalath Balakrishnan, F. Javier Aoiz
Summary: Resonant scattering is a technique used to study and control bimolecular collisions by preparing and aligning molecules in the cold regime. In this study, the theoretical formalism for describing collisions of two aligned molecules is developed and applied to the collision of two ortho-D2 molecules. The experimental results are simulated from first principles, and the key features of the angular distributions are attributed to a partial wave resonance.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Viktar Starastsin, Alla Demyanova, Andrey Danilov, Alexey Ogloblin, Sergey Dmitriev, Sergey Goncharov, Cheng-Jian Lin, Lei Yang, Dong-Xi Wang, Hui-Ming Jia, Fu-Peng Zhong, Feng Yang, Yong-Jin Yao, Shan-Hao Zhong, Pei-Wei Wen, Nan-Ru Ma, Huan-Qiao Zhang, Daniyar Janseitov, Nassurlla Burtebayev, Sergey Khlebnikov, Gurgen Adamian, Nikolai Antonenko
Summary: An experiment was conducted on the scattering of 23 MeV deuterons by the Be-9 nucleus, resulting in differential scattering cross sections for different states. Analysis of the data indicated the formation of positive and negative parity bands based on specific states, as well as the presence of additional states not belonging to these bands. The experiment also suggested the formation of certain states near the excited Be-8 core.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A
(2021)
Article
Optics
D. Petter, A. Patscheider, G. Natale, M. J. Mark, M. A. Baranov, R. van Bijnen, S. M. Roccuzzo, A. Recati, B. Blakie, D. Baillie, L. Chomaz, F. Ferlaino
Summary: The response of a dipolar supersolid to Bragg excitation was studied experimentally and theoretically, revealing that the phase dynamics induced by phase transition significantly affect the response speed. The discrepancy between experiments and theories was attributed to coherent phase variations along the phase diagram.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Stanley J. Brodsky, Valery E. Lyubovitskij, Ivan Schmidt
Summary: The deep inelastic lepton-proton scattering includes a diffractive deep inelastic contribution, which accounts for a certain proportion of the events and can be misidentified as contributions from other parts of the proton structure.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
A. Chakraborty, S. Dasmahapatra, H. A. Day-Hall, B. Ford, S. Jain, S. Moretti
Summary: We compare different jet-clustering algorithms to establish fully hadronic final states resulting from the decay of a heavy Higgs state into a pair of 125 GeV Higgs bosons that decay into bottom-antibottom quark pairs. These events typically have boosted topologies, where the b<($)over bar b> pairs from each Higgs boson tend to merge into a fat b-jet. Using large hadron collider (LHC) settings, we show how the efficiency of selecting the multi-jet final state and reconstructing the masses of all Higgs bosons depends on the choice of jet-clustering algorithm and its parameters. We identify the optimal clustering method for establishing such a ubiquitous beyond the SM (BSM) signal, illustrated with a Type-II 2-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM).
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Nemanja Andric, Patrick Jenny
Summary: In this work, a numerical study on the scattering of nitrogen molecules from a graphite surface has been conducted. The focus was on investigating the scattering dynamics in the case of strong rotational non-equilibrium and obtaining valuable insights into the energy transfer during collisions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yiping Wang, Ioannis Petrides, Grant McNamara, Md Mofazzel Hosen, Shiming Lei, Yueh-Chun Wu, James L. Hart, Hongyan Lv, Jun Yan, Di Xiao, Judy J. Cha, Prineha Narang, Leslie M. Schoop, Kenneth S. Burch
Summary: The observation of the Higgs boson confirms the standard model of particle physics and further research on anomalies relies on the axial Higgs mode. This study discovers the axial Higgs mode in the charge density wave system RTe3 using quantum interference techniques, providing insights into the quantum properties of collective modes.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jakob Stahl, Jan Ilsemann, Suman Pokhrel, Marco Schowalter, Christian Tessarek, Andreas Rosenauer, Martin Eickhoff, Marcus Baeumer, Lutz Maedler
Summary: The impact of different co-catalytically acting promoters (Pt, ZrOx and SmOx) on alumina supported Co-based model catalysts during COx methanation was studied. Double flame spray pyrolysis was used for synthesis to obtain samples with identical structure and morphology. Promoters (Pt, ZrOx, and SmOx) improved methanation yields within a wide temperature range in CO2 methanation, with zirconia and platinum showing the best performance. In CO methanation, all catalysts deactivated rapidly above 310 degrees C, with Pt exhibiting the best results.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
S. Psilodimitrakopoulos, A. Orekhov, L. Mouchliadis, D. Jannis, G. M. Maragkakis, G. Kourmoulakis, N. Gauquelin, G. Kioseoglou, J. Verbeeck, E. Stratakis
Summary: The study introduces an optical method for mapping the twist angle in TMD bilayers with high resolution, comparing it with electron diffraction. The results show that the optical approach is faster and more accurate than traditional methods, indicating its potential as a gold standard for quality examination in TMD superlattice-based devices.
NPJ 2D MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
D-S Park, M. Hadad, L. M. Riemer, R. Ignatans, D. Spirito, V Esposito, V Tileli, N. Gauquelin, D. Chezganov, D. Jannis, J. Verbeeck, S. Gorfman, N. Pryds, P. Muralt, D. Damjanovic
Summary: This study breaks the crystallographic symmetry and induces large and sustainable piezoelectric effects in centrosymmetric materials. The experiment shows the generation of extraordinarily large piezoelectric responses in cubic fluorite gadolinium-doped CeO2-x films, which are two orders of magnitude larger than the responses observed in the presently best-known lead-based piezoelectric relaxor-ferroelectric oxide. This finding provides opportunities to design environmentally friendly piezoelectric materials.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daen Jannis, Knut Mueller-Caspary, Armand Beche, Jo Verbeeck
Summary: Recent advances in detector technology have enabled the detection of single events with nanosecond resolution, allowing for time correlations between electrons and X-rays in the transmission electron microscope. The novel setup described in this work improves sensitivity for trace element detection and allows for determination of collection efficiencies without the need for a reference sample. Limitations in time resolution due to the specificities of the silicon drift detector are discussed, along with ways to improve this aspect further.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Microscopy
D. Jannis, C. Hofer, C. Gao, X. Xie, A. Beche, T. J. Pennycook, J. Verbeeck
Summary: Four dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D STEM) records electron scattering in materials in great detail, but the requirement for 2D image recording at each probe position has long limited its speed. Recent advances in camera technology, especially direct electron detectors, have reduced this bottleneck.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alex Ricardo Silva Olaya, Franziska Kuehling, Christoph Mahr, Birthe Zandersons, Andreas Rosenauer, Joerg Weissmueller, Gunther Wittstock
Summary: Nanoporous gold (NPG) with less than 1% residual Ag content was studied as an electrocatalyst for the oxidation of methanol, formaldehyde, and formate. The surface structure and oxidation reaction of NPG can be controlled by adjusting the Ag content and potential. Ag has a significant impact on the onset potential and peak current density of the catalytic reaction.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Max Gaessler, Jakob Stahl, Marco Schowalter, Suman Pokhrel, Andreas Rosenauer, Lutz Maedler, Robert Guettel
Summary: This study investigates the impact of catalyst support on the dynamics of methanation and reveals that the support material plays a major role in activity, selectivity, and deactivation behavior. The adsorption of H2O strongly depends on the support material and influences the CH4 formation rate. Changes in selectivity and deactivation are observed in CO2 methanation.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. Lebedev, Y. Huang, A. Rana, D. Jannis, N. Gauquelin, J. Verbeeck, J. Aarts
Summary: In this paper, we studied the properties of LaAlO3/Eu1-xLaxTiO3/SrTiO3 structures and found that they have similar characteristics to previously studied LaAlO3/EuTiO3/SrTiO3 and other oxide interfaces. These include the formation of a two-dimensional electron liquid for the Eu1-xLaxTiO3 layer, a metal-insulator transition driven by the thickness of the Eu1-xLaxTiO3 layer, the presence of an anomalous Hall effect when driving the systems above the Lifshitz point with a back-gate voltage, and a minimum in the temperature dependence of the sheet resistance below the Lifshitz point in the one-band regime. However, the observed minimum in sheet resistance is not attributed to the Kondo effect, but rather to the properties of the SrTiO3 crystal and the effects of charge trapping when using back gates.
PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
C. Gao, C. Hofer, D. Jannis, A. Beche, J. Verbeeck, T. J. Pennycook
Summary: Ptychography provides highly efficient imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy, and it can be applied to strongly scattering samples. Contrast reversals in ptychographic phase images can be overcome by a small amount of defocus. Ptychography offers clear and sensitive imaging, making it suitable for materials science.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Microscopy
D. Jannis, A. Velazco, A. Beche, J. Verbeeck
Summary: The study aimed to construct an empirical model to mimic the impact of alternative scan patterns on beam damage in a specific zeolite sample. By adjusting dwell time and probe position distance, the model qualitatively described various aspects of experimental data and provided guidance for optimizing beam damage without reducing electron dose.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Christoph Mahr, Jorge Adrian Tapia Burgos, Marco Schowalter, Arne Wittstock, Andreas Rosenauer
Summary: Nanoporous gold, obtained by corrosion of gold alloys, has diverse applications. However, if the corrosion conditions are not optimized, the dealloying process can lead to partially porous samples. In this study, we investigate the interface between porous material and non-porous alloy in two samples, where dealloying either stopped automatically or was manually interrupted. Possible reasons for unintended termination of dealloying in the former case are suggested.
MATERIALS RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Stefan Wild, Christoph Mahr, Andreas Rosenauer, Thomas Risse, Sergey Vasenkov, Marcus Baeumer
Summary: This article introduces new perspectives to characterize and understand the interplay of mass transport and catalytic processes in gas phase metal catalysts. The study focuses on nanoporous gold and uses PFG NMR measurements to evaluate gas diffusivities and STEM tomography to analyze the pore structure. The quantitative knowledge about diffusion coefficients allows for separating mass transport contributions from measured reaction kinetics and determining the kinetic rate constant of the catalytic surface reaction. The study demonstrates the potential of novel porous materials combined with modern techniques for a comprehensive understanding of catalytic processes.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gunther Wittstock, Marcus Baeumer, Wilke Dononelli, Thorsten Kluener, Lukas Luehrs, Christoph Mahr, Lyudmila Moskaleva, Mehtap Oezaslan, Thomas Risse, Andreas Rosenauer, Anne Staubitz, Joerg Weissmueller, Arne Wittstock
Summary: Nanoporous gold (NPG) is a nanoscale material with a network of metallic struts and interconnected pores formed from gold alloys through oxidative dissolution. It exhibits good catalytic activity, particularly in the aerobic partial oxidation of methanol. This review discusses methods to control NPG morphology and composition, explores mechanistic understanding from quantum chemical studies, and highlights best practices for material preparation and characterization.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alexander Karg, Justin Andreas Bich, Adrian Messow, Marco Schowalter, Stephan Figge, Andreas Rosenauer, Patrick Vogt, Martin Eickhoff
Summary: The epitaxial growth of Ga2O3 and In(2)O(3) on (0001)-oriented Al2O3 by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy was investigated, and their synthesis has similar growth kinetics limited by the formation of volatile suboxides. The growth kinetics of beta-Ga2O3 and c-In2O3 were analyzed qualitatively on buffer layers mimicking homoepitaxial growth conditions, focusing on the influence of atomic oxygen. The nucleation window of beta-Ga2O3 and c-In2O3 grown on (0001) Al2O3 was found to be influenced by the growth temperature and III-V surface ratio.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Beeke Gerken, Christoph Mahr, Jakob Stahl, Tim Grieb, Marco Schowalter, Florian F. Krause, Thorsten Mehrtens, Lutz Maedler, Andreas Rosenauer
Summary: Hetero-contacts are interfaces between different materials at the nanoscale leading to novel functional properties. In hetero-aggregates, primary particles of at least two different materials are mixed at primary particle or cluster level. Double flame spray pyrolysis (DFSP) is a versatile technique for the controlled synthesis of such materials. Characterization of hetero-aggregates by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) requires acquisition and evaluation of many aggregate images in order to derive statistically significant results. Usually, STEM energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) is used to acquire elemental maps providing the material distribution of the primary particles within hetero-aggregates. However, the acquisition of a single EDXS map takes up to several minutes. For this reason, determination of material types of primary particles from the intensity in high-angle annular dark field STEM images alone is desirable. These images can be acquired within a couple of seconds. In the present work, a method is suggested which allows for achieving this objective. It can be applied to distinguish materials with a significant difference in their atomic number and hence sufficient material contrast in the STEM images.
PARTICLE & PARTICLE SYSTEMS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Microscopy
C. Gao, C. Hofer, T. J. Pennycook
Summary: Ptychography provides high dose efficiency images that can reveal light elements next to heavy atoms. However, contrast reversals can occur when the projected potential becomes strong. Recent research has shown that these reversals can be counteracted by adapting the focus. This study explains why the best contrast is often found with the probe focused to the middle of the sample and highlights the importance of convergence angle in thin samples to remove contrast reversals.
Article
Microscopy
J. Lindner, U. Ross, T. Meyer, V. Boureau, M. Seibt, Ch. Jooss
Summary: Phase-shifting electron holography is an excellent method with high phase sensitivity to reveal electron wave phase information. An advanced drift correction scheme is proposed in this study, which exploits the interface of the TEM specimen and the vacuum area in the hologram. This method allows for obtaining reliable phase information.
Article
Microscopy
Ali Jaberi, Nicolas Brodusch, Jun Song, Raynald Gauvin
Summary: This study investigates knock-on damage in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) by computing threshold displacement energies (TDEs) and performing Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicate that Li is most sensitive to knock-on damage at moderate electron energies, and TDE is the principal parameter for assessing Li sensitivity to knock-on damage across similar structures.
Article
Microscopy
Alexander Schroeder, Christopher Rathje, Leon van Velzen, Maurits Kelder, Sascha Schaefer
Summary: This study utilizes novel event-based electron detector platforms to extend the temporal resolution of electron microscopy. By training a neural network to predict electron arrival time, the researchers were able to improve the timing accuracy and achieve a promising solution for enhancing electron timing precision in various electron microscopy applications.
Article
Microscopy
Avi Auslender, Nivedita Pandey, Amit Kohn, Oswaldo Dieguez
Summary: This article describes a faster implementation based on DFT for computing the mean inner potential of crystals, providing quantum-mechanical calculations beyond the independent-atom approximation. The study also reveals the dependence of the mean inner potential on sample boundary conditions, mass density, and magnetic susceptibility, highlighting its correlation with various material properties.
Article
Microscopy
Zhidong Yang, Dawei Zang, Hongjia Li, Zhao Zhang, Fa Zhang, Renmin Han
Summary: In this work, we propose a self-supervised deep learning model for cryo-ET volumetric image denoising based on noise modeling and sparsity guidance. Experimental results demonstrate that our method can achieve reliable denoising by training on single noisy volume and outperform existing methods.
Article
Microscopy
J. Kuttruff, J. Holder, Y. Meng, P. Baum
Summary: In this study, a robust clustering algorithm is proposed that can find clusters in a continuous stream of raw data in real time. This algorithm converts pixel hits measured by hybrid pixel detectors to real single-electron events. By continuously comparing with previous hits, the algorithm efficiently identifies the merging of new and old events.
Article
Microscopy
D. G. Senturk, C. P. Yu, A. De Backer, S. Van Aert
Summary: This article presents a statistics-based method for accurately counting the number of atoms in nanostructures, especially for images acquired with low electron doses and multiple element structures.
Article
Microscopy
Mauricio J. Prieto, Lucas de Souza Caldas, Liviu C. Tanase, Thomas Schmidt, Oscar Rodriguez de la Fuente
Summary: This study presents a synchrotron-based investigation of the synthesis process of a magnetite/hematite bilayer. Ion bombardment gradually transforms hematite into magnetite, and the growth of magnetite leads to the formation of stable boundaries. These findings are significant for understanding novel oxide heterostructures.
Article
Microscopy
Emre Yoruk, Holger Klein, Stephanie Kodjikian
Summary: Beam sensitive nanomaterials pose challenges for crystallographic structure determination. A dose symmetric electron diffraction tomography (DS-EDT) method is developed to reduce beam damage and obtain complete data sets by merging individual datasets from multiple crystals.
Article
Microscopy
A. Pofelski, Y. Zhu, G. A. Botton
Summary: The precision and sensitivity of the GPA method for strain characterization is a widely discussed topic. This study introduces the concept of phase noise and analyzes the parameter of sampling to improve the precision of GPA. Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that using a larger pixel spacing in STEM can enhance the precision and sensitivity of the GPA method.
Article
Microscopy
Sangjun Kang, Di Wang, Christian Kuebel, Xiaoke Mu
Summary: Transmission electron microscopy is a valuable tool for assessing strain fields within materials. However, using thin specimens in TEM analysis can affect atomic configuration and deformation structure.
