Article
Infectious Diseases
Panyachot Buasroung, Tananchai Petnak, Prapaipim Liwtanakitpipat, Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul
Summary: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among tuberculosis (TB) patients was unexpectedly high in this study, and TB patients with DM had unfavorable outcomes compared to those without DM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Mariana Araujo-Pereira, Charlotte Schutz, Beatriz Barreto-Duarte, David Barr, Klauss Villalva-Serra, Caian L. Vinhaes, Amy Ward, Graeme Meintjes, Bruno B. Andrade
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anemia, systemic inflammatory profile, dissemination of tuberculosis (TB), and death. Through the analysis of 496 HIV patients, it was found that severe anemia is associated with increased systemic inflammation, higher TB dissemination score, and greater risk of death.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Maria B. Arriaga, Mariana Araujo-Pereira, Beatriz Barreto-Duarte, Betania Nogueira, Maria Vitoria C. N. S. Freire, Artur T. L. Queiroz, Moreno M. S. Rodrigues, Michael S. Rocha, Alexandra B. Souza, Renata Spener-Gomes, Anna Cristina C. Carvalho, Marina C. Figueiredo, Megan M. Turner, Betina Durovni, Jose R. Lapa-E-Silva, Afranio L. Kritski, Solange Cavalcante, Valeria C. Rolla, Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos, Timothy R. Sterling, Bruno B. Andrade
Summary: This study suggests that diabetes is associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes and increased mortality in patients with tuberculosis in Brazil. Interventions to improve tuberculosis treatment outcomes in patients with diabetes are necessary.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tianwei Xu, Alice J. Clark, Jaana Pentti, Reiner Rugulies, Theis Lange, Jussi Vahtera, Linda L. Magnusson Hanson, Hugo Westerlund, Mika Kivimaki, Naja H. Rod
Summary: The study found that favorable workplace psychosocial resources, including collaborative culture, colleague support, leadership quality, and organizational procedural justice, are associated with a lower risk of employees developing type 2 diabetes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hui-Xuan Wu, Tian-Yao Chu, Junaid Iqbal, Hong-Li Jiang, Long Li, Yan-Xuan Wu, Hou-De Zhou
Summary: The study compared the incidence risk of cardio-cerebrovascular events in maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY), type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes. The results showed that the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular events in MODY is between that of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rachel W. Kubiak, Mario Kratz, Ayesha A. Motala, Sean Galagan, Sabina Govere, Elisabeth R. Brown, Mahomed-Yunus S. Moosa, Paul K. Drain
Summary: In a study conducted in Africa, diabetes and prediabetes were found to be common among individuals testing positive for HIV and were associated with death. Clinic-based diabetes screening could be targeted towards high-risk groups and may potentially improve HIV treatment outcomes.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yun-Jeong Jeong, Jae Seuk Park, Hyung Woo Kim, Jinsoo Min, Yousang Ko, Jee Youn Oh, Eun Hye Lee, Bumhee Yang, Joong Hyun Ahn, Jin Woo Kim, Yong Il Hwang, Kwang Joo Park, Sung Soon Lee, Ju Sang Kim, Hyeon-Kyoung Koo
Summary: This study aimed to identify the characteristics of subclinical tuberculosis (TB) and important predictors of symptom development. The study found that subclinical TB patients were younger, had a higher body mass index, and chronic lung disease and autoimmune diseases were associated with symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Regina Prigge, Sarah H. Wild, Caroline A. Jackson
Summary: This study investigated the mortality risks among participants with diabetes, depression, or both in a large cohort study in the UK. The results showed that individuals with both depression and diabetes had the highest risk of all-cause mortality, particularly from cancer and non-circulatory diseases.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Peng Lu, Yu Zhang, Qiao Liu, Xianyan Ding, Wen Kong, Limei Zhu, Wei Lu
Summary: The study found that individuals with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing tuberculosis, especially when they are not overweight. Targeted screening should be considered based on these findings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria Reyes Beltran-Valls, Veronica Cabanas-Sanchez, Kabir P. Sadarangani, Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo, Diego Moliner-Urdiales, David Martinez-Gomez
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity and the leading cause of death in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a large representative population of US adults. The results showed that higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were associated with a lower risk of diabetes mortality among adults with T2DM.
DIABETES & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Gibril Ndow, Erwan Vo-Quang, Yusuke Shimakawa, Amie Ceesay, Saydiba Tamba, Harr F. Njai, Lamin Bojang, Charlotte Hateley, Yuki Takao, Emmanuel Opoku, Zakary Warsop, Patrick Ingiliz, Umberto D'Alessandro, Isabelle Chemin, Maimuna Mendy, Mark Thursz, Ramou Njie, Maud Lemoine
Summary: This study examines the characteristics and outcomes of patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in The Gambia and investigates the impact of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) on the survival of HBV-infected patients with cirrhosis. The results show that patients with cirrhosis without hepatocellular carcinoma have a higher survival rate compared to patients with both conditions. In HBV-infected patients with cirrhosis, TDF treatment is associated with improved survival.
LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biology
A. M. Muller, C. S. Osorio, R. V. Figueiredo, D. R. Silva, P. T. R. Dalcin
Summary: Determining mortality rates and predictors of mortality after discharge from tuberculosis hospitalization is essential for health policy establishment. This study aimed to analyze mortality rates and predictors after tuberculosis hospitalization. The prospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with tuberculosis who were discharged from the hospital after beginning treatment. Out of 169 subjects, 38 died within a median of 3 months during the 13-month follow-up period. Multivariate analysis identified age, presence of sputum production, and Charlson Comorbidity Index as independent predictors of mortality.
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Karolina Akinosoglou, Georgios Schinas, Evanthia Bletsa, Magdaline Bristianou, Leonidas Lanaras, Charalambos Michailides, Theodoros Katsikas, Fotios Barkas, Evangelos Liberopoulos, Vasileios Kotsis, Konstantinos Tentolouris, Pinelopi Grigoropoulou, Archontoula Frangou, Dimitrios Basoulis, Zoi Alexiou, Mary Daganou, Clementine Bostantzoglou, Vasiliki Dimakopoulou, Antonia Koutsoukou, Angelos Pefanis, Ioannis G. Baraboutis, Eleni Agelonidou, Nikolaos Tentolouris
Summary: This study investigated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized T2D patients with COVID-19 and found that the use of DPP4 inhibitors for chronic T2D management was associated with increased risks of in-hospital death, ICU admission, progression to ARDS, and thromboembolic events. These findings highlight the importance of considering the potential impact of chronic T2D treatment regiments on COVID-19.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Charles Agyemang, Eva L. van der Linden, Daniel Antwi-Berko, Samuel Nkansah Darko, Sampson Twumasi-Ankrah, Karlijn Meeks, Bert-Jan H. Van den Born, Peter Henneman, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, Erik Beune
Summary: The Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants (RODAM) prospective (RODAM-Pros) cohort study aims to identify key changes in environmental exposures and epigenetic modifications driving the high burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among sub-Saharan African migrants. Baseline results indicate higher prevalence of CVD risk factors among migrants. Follow-up data collection will reveal specific environmental exposures and epigenetic modifications contributing to the high CVD risk in this population.
Article
Immunology
Carolin Bresges, Douglas Wilson, Katherine Fielding, Elizabeth L. Corbett, Fabrizia Del-Greco, Daniel Grint, Jurgens Peters, Ankur Gupta-Wright
Summary: Empirical tuberculosis treatment is common in severely ill HIV-positive inpatients, with a high in-hospital mortality rate among patients without microbiological confirmation for TB. Early screening for TB using rapid diagnostics is recommended to improve confirmation of TB and reduce overtreatment.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Erica Sanga, Zahara Nampewo, George PrayGod, Alison Wringe
Summary: HIV status disclosure rates to sexual partners are low in Tanzania. This qualitative study found that the decision to disclose HIV status is based on weighing the perceived benefits and risks. Benefits of disclosure include freedom from guilt and living honestly, while risks include stigma, family break-up, and abandonment. Many participants reported that disclosure has helped them adhere to treatment and clinic appointments.
AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Maria Hein Hegelund, Lasse Fjordside, Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen, Dirk Lund Christensen, Ib Christian Bygbjerg
Summary: This study proposes the concept of 'opportunistic non-communicable diseases (NCDs)' to highlight the impact of inadequate healthcare services on the spread of NCDs in societies. The disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, including disrupted healthcare services and changes in lifestyle and living conditions, are likely to accelerate the development of NCDs. In order to address the existing NCD crisis and prepare for future epidemics, it is crucial to ensure equal vaccine distribution, promote global vaccine acceptance, and invest in primary healthcare in low- and middle-income countries.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Garazi P. Alzua, Anne F. Pihl, Anna Offersgaard, Rodrigo Velazquez-Moctezuma, Carlos R. Duarte Hernandez, Elias H. Augestad, Ulrik Fahnoe, Christian K. Mathiesen, Henrik Krarup, Mansun Law, Jannick Prentoe, Jens Bukh, Judith M. Gottwein
Summary: This study identified key determinants of HCV infection and found that N-linked glycosylation motifs can trigger changes in the virus's sensitivity to neutralizing antibodies. These findings contribute to the understanding of how HCV evades antibodies and provide a theoretical basis for vaccine design.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Clara Lundetoft Clausen, Trine Holm Johannsen, Niels Erik Skakkebaek, Hanne Frederiksen, Camilla Koch Ryrso, Arnold Matovu Dungu, Maria Hein Hegelund, Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen, Rikke Krogh-Madsen, Birgitte Lindegaard, Allan Linneberg, Line Lund Karhus, Anders Juul, Thomas Benfield
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the concentrations of pituitary-gonadal hormones in COVID-19 patients and their associations with inflammation, severe respiratory failure, and mortality. The results showed that reduced testosterone concentrations were associated with severe respiratory failure in men with COVID-19, while reduced LH and FSH concentrations were associated with severe respiratory failure in women with COVID-19.
ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yvonne Adams, Anne Skovsbo Clausen, Peter Ostrup Jensen, Malin Lager, Peter Wilhelmsson, Anna J. Henningson, Per-Eric Lindgren, Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen, Helene Mens, Peter Kraiczy, Kasper Norskov Kragh, Thomas Bjarnsholt, Andreas Kjaer, Anne-Mette Lebech, Anja R. Jensen
Summary: We screened a group of low-passage Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. isolates using a novel human-derived 3D blood-brain barrier (BBB)-organoid model. The results showed that human-derived BBB-organoids can be invaded by Borrelia spirochetes, leading to swelling and loss of structural integrity. The BBB-organoid model highlights the tropism between B. burgdorferi s.l. genospecies and their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, contributing to central nervous system infection.
Article
Respiratory System
Hien Thi Thu Nguyen, Vang Le-Quy, Son Van Ho, Jakob Holm Dalsgaard Thomsen, Malene Pontoppidan Stoico, Hoang Van Tong, Nhat-Linh Nguyen, Henrik Bygum Krarup, Son Hong Nguyen, Viet Quoc Tran, Linh Toan Nguyen, Anh Tuan Dinh-Xuan
Summary: This study aims to predict the severity of COVID-19 based on clinical and biological indicators, and identify biomarkers for prognostic assessment. The most important indicators were IL-6, ferritin, and D-dimer. Two different sets of biomarkers can be used for disease severity assessment and prognosis.
Article
Anthropology
Dirk L. Christensen, Kate Westgate, Lewis Griffiths, Joseph Sironga, Venance P. Maro, Jorn W. Helge, Steen Larsen, Ib C. Bygbjerg, Kaushik L. Ramaiya, Jorgen Jensen, Soren Brage
Summary: This study aimed to objectively quantify the metabolic intensity of traditional jumping-dance activity performed by Maasai men and assess its associations with habitual physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness. The findings showed that the intensity of jumping-dance activity was moderate, but on average seven times higher than habitual physical activity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Brenda Kitilya, Erica Sanga, George PrayGod, Bazil Baltazar Kavishe, Kia Ditlevsen, Robert Peck, Mette Frahm Olsen
Summary: This study investigated the perceptions and barriers to physical activity among PLWH in Tanzania. The findings showed that most PLWH considered physical activity beneficial to their health, but their perceptions were influenced by gender stereotypes and roles in the community. Lack of time, money, facilities, social support, and inadequate information from healthcare providers were identified as barriers to physical activity.
Article
Neurosciences
Jutta M. Adelin Jorgensen, Karoline Kragelund Nielsen, Jorgen Holm Petersen, Halima Saleh Sadiq, Zoe Frances Kelly, Richard William Walker, Dirk Lund Christensen
Summary: This study aimed to examine mortality and functional outcome in relation to socioeconomic deprivation among men and women in Zanzibar. The results showed that individuals with lower levels of deprivation had higher survival rates, with a stronger association observed for women. Disability at 12 months post-stroke was not significantly associated with socioeconomic deprivation.
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Benjamin E. Stubbe, Poul H. Madsen, Anders C. Larsen, Henrik B. Krarup, Inge S. Pedersen, Carsten P. Hansen, Julia S. Johansen, Stine D. Henriksen, Ole Thorlacius-Ussing
Summary: This study examined the promoter hypermethylation of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (phSFRP1) in cfDNA as a prognostic biomarker and predictor of treatment effect in patients with metastatic FOLFIRINOX-treated PDAC and locally advanced PDAC. The results showed that phSFRP1 is a clinically useful prognostic biomarker in metastatic PDAC and possibly in locally advanced PDAC.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Joseph Mbabazi, Hannah I. Pesu, Rolland C. Mutumba, Suzanne F. Filteau, Jack I. Lewis, Jonathan C. F. Wells, Mette F. Olsen, Andre Briend, Kim F. Michaelsen, Christian Molgaard, Christian Ritz, Nicolette Nabukeera-Barungi, Ezekiel Mupere, Henrik Friis, Benedikte Grenov, Philippa Dodd
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effects of milk protein and whey permeate on the body composition and linear growth of stunted children. The results showed that the supplementation of milk protein and whey permeate does not have additional effects on body composition and linear growth in children. However, irrespective of milk supplementation, nutrient supplement supports linear catch-up growth and accretion of fat-free mass.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Evangelista Malindisa, Haruna Dika, Andrea M. Rehman, Mette Frahm Olsen, Filbert Francis, Henrik Friis, Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen, Suzanne Filteau, George PrayGod
Summary: The dietary patterns of adults living with and without HIV in Tanzania were examined using PCA and RRR. The study identified a vegetable-rich pattern (VRP), a vegetable-poor pattern (VPP), and a carbohydrate-dense pattern (CDP), which were associated with prediabetes/diabetes in different ways.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
David Straarup, Kare A. Gotschalck, Peter A. Christensen, Henrik Krarup, Soren Lundbye-Christensen, Aase Handberg, Ole Thorlacius-Ussing
Summary: This study aimed to assess intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) and endothelin-1 as diagnostic biomarkers for acute intestinal necrosis (AIN). The study found that endothelin-1 alone had a good diagnostic performance, but the diagnostic performance of I-FABP and endothelin-1 combined was only moderate compared to the commonly used biomarker L-lactate.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
