Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Brennan C. Kahan, Tim P. Morris, Ian R. White, James Carpenter, Suzie Cro
Summary: The study found that the description of estimands in published trial protocols is poor, and in most trials, it is impossible to understand exactly what treatment effect is being estimated. Urgent changes are needed to improve the utility of estimands in clinical research and reporting.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
David Campbell, Cassandra McDonald, Suzie Cro, Vipul Jairath, Brennan C. Kahan
Summary: Most study investigators do not share their unpublished protocols or SAPs upon direct request. Alternative strategies are needed to increase transparency of randomized trials and ensure access to protocols and SAPs.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Rachel Schwartz, Mia F. Williams, Mitchell D. Feldman
Summary: This scoping review explores the relationship between sponsorship and career advancement in academic medicine for women and UIM faculty. The study finds that sponsorship is valuable for career advancement, but there are significant gender differences. The existing data are inconclusive regarding the best ways to measure and assess sponsorship, as well as when sponsorship is most important in career stages. Addressing these knowledge gaps is crucial for promoting equity in career advancement in academic medicine.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Hajar Sotudeh, Adeleh Asadi, Zahra Yousefi
Summary: This study examines how the academic and societal impacts of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are influenced by visibility factors, subjects, and methodological validity. The results show that citations and altmetrics depend on certain subjects, and are also affected by publication year and journals' reputation. Keyword counts and contributing countries' developmental rank predict the tweet counts. Methodological validity dimensions do not predict citations, but certain dimensions have a slight impact on Mendeley Readership and tweets. The study provides further evidence on the interaction between quality and visibility dynamics in the recognition network of RCTs.
JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Rachel B. Levine, Manasa S. Ayyala, Kimberly A. Skarupski, Joann N. Bodurtha, Marlis Gonzalez Fernandez, Lisa E. Ishii, Barbara Fivush
Summary: A qualitative study conducted at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine showed that sponsorship is perceived as critical to career advancement in academic medicine, with a greater impact on women. The study found that sponsorship provides an additional boost for career advancement, but there are gender differences in seeking sponsorship and being identified as proteges.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Julie K. Silver
Summary: This article discusses the significance of mentorship and sponsorship for women in academic medicine, emphasizing the importance of flexible and expanded definitions. It also highlights both the benefits and potential risks associated with sponsorship. Furthermore, the article provides six actionable strategies that can be incorporated into a comprehensive mentoring model to better support women in the field of medicine.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Elaine Finucane, Ann O'Brien, Shaun Treweek, John Newell, Kishor Das, Sarah Chapman, Paul Wicks, Sandra Galvin, Patricia Healy, Linda Biesty, Katie Gillies, Anna Noel-Storr, Heidi Gardner, Mary Frances O'Reilly, Declan Devane
Summary: The People's Trial is an initiative aimed at helping the public learn about randomized trials, understand their importance, and develop critical thinking skills about health claims. By involving the public in trial design, conduct, and dissemination, The People's Trial successfully engaged over 3000 participants from 72 countries.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Regina A. Jacob, Paul N. Williams, Alia Chisty
Summary: Effective mentorship is crucial for career satisfaction and advancement, but many junior faculty lack adequate mentorship. Peer networks have been recognized as important and can serve as a supplement to the dyadic mentorship model.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Venkata R. Emani, Sanjeev Goswami, Dheeraj Nandanoor, Shaila R. Emani, Nidhi K. Reddy, Raghunath Reddy
Summary: In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, there were no proven treatment options. However, recent randomised controlled trials have indicated potential treatments such as dexamethasone and remdesivir. Hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir did not show any mortality benefits. It is crucial to improve randomisation methodologies to ensure accurate results and match study groups better.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Atle Fretheim
Summary: The need for unattainably large sample sizes poses a key barrier to conducting randomized trials in public health, often leading to a choice between underpowered trials or no trials at all. Underpowered trials should be considered as contributions to the larger body of evidence, evaluated collectively in systematic reviews alongside studies of various sizes and designs. Overemphasis on sample size calculation may hinder scientific progress rather than help.
Article
Oncology
A. Fundytus, J. C. Wells, S. Sharma, W. M. Hopman, J. C. Del Paggio, B. Gyawali, D. Mukherji, N. Hammad, C. S. Pramesh, A. Aggarwal, R. Sullivan, C. M. Booth
Summary: The majority of oncology RCTs are now funded by the pharmaceutical industry, with industry-funded trials being larger, more likely to be positive, predominantly testing systemic therapies in the palliative setting, and published in higher impact journals compared to non-industry-funded trials.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qin Hu, Aneesha Acharya, Wai Keung Leung, George Pelekos
Summary: This study examined the association between sponsorship bias and treatment effects in dental trials involving probiotics. The results suggest that trials with a high risk of sponsorship bias report more significant treatment effects compared to low-risk trials.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christopher W. Jones, Amanda Adams, Benjamin S. Misemer, Mark A. Weaver, Sara Schroter, Hayat Khan, Benyamin Margolis, David L. Schriger, Timothy F. Platts-Mills
Summary: The objective of this study was to test whether providing relevant clinical trial registry information to peer reviewers would decrease discrepancies between registered and published trial outcomes. The results showed that the tested intervention did not increase agreement between prospectively registered and published trial outcomes. Therefore, other approaches are needed to improve the quality of outcome reporting in clinical trials.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Martine W. T. van Bilsen, Ronald H. M. A. Bartels
Summary: The study suggests a positive relationship between reported financial conflict of interest and positive outcome in neurosurgical literature concerning cerebrospinal fluid valves. However, no such association was found in studies on vertebral augmentation.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dean J. Wright, Ben Colagiuri, Nick Glozier
Summary: Psychiatrists showed more hesitancy towards trials of MDMA-AP compared to psychologists and researchers in Australia. Experienced mental health professionals were more likely to have negative views about MDMA-AP trials.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Andreas Lundh, Kristine Rasmussen, Lasse Ostengaard, Isabelle Boutron, Lesley A. Stewart, Asbjorn Hrobjartsson
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ditte S. Linde, Aleksandra Bakiewicz, Anne Katrine Normann, Nina Beck Hansen, Andreas Lundh, Vibeke Rasch
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Simone Bastrup Israelsen, Martin Thomsen Ernst, Andreas Lundh, Lene Fogt Lundbo, Hakon Sandholdt, Jesper Hallas, Thomas Benfield
Summary: The study suggests that current PPI use may increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospital admission, but not significantly associated with other severe outcomes. The results from the meta-analysis indicated that current PPI use does not have a significant impact on COVID-19 outcomes.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alice Fabbri, Kristine Rasmussen Hone, Asbjorn Hrobjartsson, Andreas Lundh
Summary: The study found that there is significant variation in the prevalence and content of conflicts of interest (COI) policies in medical schools and teaching hospitals within high-income countries. North American institutions were more likely to have stronger COI policies compared to European institutions. There is a lack of research on the impact of COI policies on research outputs and educational quality or content.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLICY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Asger Sand Paludan-Mueller, Andreas Lundh, Matthew J. Page, Klaus Munkholm
Summary: This study will conduct a systematic review comparing remdesivir to placebo or standard of care in randomized trials. Various sources of data will be searched and bias risks will be assessed. The findings will provide valuable information for patients and clinicians.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Camilla Hansen Nejstgaard, Andreas Lundh, Suhayb Abdi, Gemma Clayton, Mustafe Hassan Adan Gelle, David Ruben Teindl Laursen, Babatunde Kazeem Olorisade, Jelena Savovic, Asbjorn Hrobjartsson
Summary: Randomised trials funded by commercial companies may be influenced by funding, but meta-epidemiological studies can reduce bias. The COMFIT study aims to investigate this impact by sharing datasets, providing comprehensive analyses with increased statistical power.
RESEARCH SYNTHESIS METHODS
(2022)
Article
Virology
Anni Winckelmann, Ulrik Fahnoe, Priyanka Shukla Bajpai, Magnus Illum Dalegaard, Andreas Lundh, Lene Ryom, Jens Bukh, Nina Weis
Summary: This study investigates the evolution of HBV during tenofovir treatment and identifies potential resistance mutations. The findings suggest that changes at a conserved residue 35 in the HBV RT may be associated with tenofovir resistance. Further studies are needed to assess resistance in vitro and in vivo.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emilie S. Odegard, Lena S. Langbraten, Andreas Lundh, Ditte S. Linde
Summary: This systematic review examines randomized trials of two-way text message interventions in Africa and evaluates their impact on healthcare outcomes. The results indicate that two-way text messages can improve medication adherence, but their effect on appointment attendance is uncertain.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Alice Fabbri, Shai Mulinari, Martin Johansson, Weda Ghaur, Abdullah Muhammad Khalil, Andreas Lundh
Summary: This study analyzed the conflict of interest (COI) policies at Scandinavian medical schools and found significant variation and shortcomings in the content of these policies. The study recommends the development of more stringent COI policies to regulate industry interactions with faculty and students at medical schools.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2022)
Review
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Camilla Hansen Nejstgaard, David Ruben Teindl Laursen, Andreas Lundh, Asbjorn Hrobjartsson
Summary: This study investigated the association between commercial funding and estimated intervention effects in randomized trials and found no significant relationship between the two. However, in trials with high risk of commercial funding, the intervention effects were exaggerated by 12%.
RESEARCH SYNTHESIS METHODS
(2023)
Correction
Education & Educational Research
Alice Fabbri, Shai Mulinari, Martin Johansson, Weda Ghaur, Abdullah Muhammad Khalil, Andreas Lundh
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Erlend Faltinsen, Adnan Todorovac, Isabelle Boutron, Lesley A. Stewart, Asbjorn Hrobjartsson, Andreas Lundh
Summary: The study compares the contemporary Cochrane review approach with a structured approach for retrieving information on trial funding and researchers' conflicts of interest, and finds that the structured approach is more effective in obtaining this information.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
C. Bulow, S. S. Clausen, A. Lundh, M. Christensen
Summary: Medication review is a structured evaluation of a patient's medication with the aim of improving health outcomes. This study examined the effects of medication review interventions on hospitalised adult patients, finding potential benefits for reducing hospital readmissions and emergency department contacts.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Matthew J. Page, Jonathan A. C. Sterne, Isabelle Boutron, Asbjorn Hrobjartsson, Jamie J. Kirkham, Tianjing Li, Andreas Lundh, Evan Mayo-Wilson, Joanne E. McKenzie, Lesley A. Stewart, Alex J. Sutton, Lisa Bero, Adam G. Dunn, Kerry Dwan, Roy G. Elbers, Raju Kanukula, Joerg J. Meerpohl, Erick H. Turner, Julian P. T. Higgins
Summary: This paper describes a structured approach, the ROB-ME tool, for assessing bias risk in meta-analysis, which can help identify high-risk meta-analyses and interpret results appropriately.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anni Winckelmann, Ulrik Fahnoe, Priyanka Bajpai, Magnus Illum Dalegaard, Andreas Lundh, Lene Ryom, Jens Bukh, Nina Weis