Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Lester Kwiatkowski, Olivier Torres, Olivier Aumont, James C. C. Orr
Summary: Studies have shown that the influence of increasing atmospheric CO2 and climate change on the marine CO2 system and ecosystems is mainly manifested in the variability of carbonate chemistry, including seasonal and diurnal variations. Models project that the future ocean will experience enhanced diurnal variability of pCO2 and [H+], which may impose higher metabolic costs on marine organisms.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Stephen J. Tomasetti, Michael H. Doall, Brendan D. Hallinan, Jeffrey R. Kraemer, Christopher J. Gobler
Summary: Oyster reef restoration is a widely used coastal restoration intervention, but its impact on the chemistry of surrounding seawater and the vulnerability of oysters to acidification is still unclear. This study characterized the growth of constructed reefs and examined the pH and carbonate chemistry of reef-influenced seawater. The results showed that reef communities modified seawater carbonate chemistry, increasing oyster vulnerability to acidification.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xi Xiao, Susana Agusti, Yan Yu, Yuzhou Huang, Weizhou Chen, Jing Hu, Chao Li, Ke Li, Fangyi Wei, Yitian Lu, Caicai Xu, Zepan Chen, Shengping Liu, Jiangning Zeng, Jiaping Wu, Carlos M. Duarte
Summary: Seaweed farming is effective in buffering acidification, with different seaweed species showing varying capacities and intense fluctuations in pH within the aquaculture areas. The deficit in pCO(2), elevated levels of dissolved oxygen and Omega(arag) in seaweed farms are beneficial for calcifying organisms and can potentially provide important refugia from ocean acidification.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Mathilde Godefroid, Sam Dupont, Marc Metian, Laetitia Hedouin
Summary: This review synthesized the literature on the effects of seawater acidification on tropical scleractinians under laboratory-controlled conditions. The results showed that the number of affected biological categories increased with higher levels of pH intensity, particularly in calcification and reproduction. However, the diversity in experimental designs hindered the ability to determine the modulation role of coral life stages, genera, or duration of exposure.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ariel K. Pezner, Travis A. Courtney, Heather N. Page, Sarah N. Giddings, Cory M. Beatty, Michael D. DeGrandpre, Andreas J. Andersson
Summary: Spatial and temporal carbonate chemistry variability on coral reefs is influenced by a combination of seawater hydrodynamics, geomorphology, and biogeochemical processes, with their relative impacts differing by site. Lateral variability in carbonate chemistry parameters was found to be larger than vertical variability, and this variability was observed in conjunction with depth gradients, although it varied between sampling events depending on factors such as time of day and current flow modifications.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
William W. Chang, Ann-Sophie Matt, Marcus Schewe, Marianne Musinszki, Sandra Gruessel, Jonas Brandenburg, David Garfield, Markus Bleich, Thomas Baukrowitz, Marian Y. Hu
Summary: The study demonstrates that otopetrins play a crucial role in the mineralization process by providing an exit route for protons released during the formation of CaCO3. Otop2l, expressed exclusively in calcifying primary mesenchymal cells (PMCs), is involved in skeletogenesis, and its knockdown impairs spicule formation. Otop2l displays unique features and strong activation by high extracellular pH, suggesting its adaptation to oceanic living conditions as a cellular proton extrusion machine.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Olivier Torres, Lester Kwiatkowski, Adrienne J. Sutton, Narimane Dorey, James C. Orr
Summary: The diurnal variability of ocean CO2 system variables is considerable and can exceed the seasonal amplitude, especially at coastal sites and near coral reefs. Extreme diurnal variability may surpass the projected changes in mean states of pCO(2) and [H+], highlighting its importance in Earth system models.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lana Ramaekers, Tom Pinceel, Luc Brendonck, Bram Vanschoenwinkel
Summary: Elevated and extreme pCO(2) conditions directly impact the life history and population dynamics of freshwater zooplankton.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiaqi Li, Suyan Xue, Yuze Mao
Summary: This study investigates the effects of manipulated seawater carbonate chemistry on the acid-base status of scallop and abalone. The results show that the haemolymph pH of the tested individuals responded quickly to acidified seawater, but had no significant correlation with seawater pCO(2) or pH. In addition, despite the lower pCO(2) level in the seawater with lowered total alkalinity, molluscs eliminated less CO2 in this environment. This suggests that the acid-base balance of marine molluscs is influenced by rapidly varying pCO(2) levels at the ventilation site, and seawater buffering capacity should be considered.
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gianmarco Ingrosso, Michele Giani, Martina Kralj, Cinzia Comici, Paola Rivaro, Giorgio Budillon, Pasquale Castagno, Luca Zoccarato, Mauro Celussi
Summary: The Antarctic continental shelf is an important sink for anthropogenic carbon dioxide, but climate change is altering its carbon cycle. Summer biological activity plays a key role in the sequestration of anthropogenic carbon.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
John Morris, Ian Enochs, Alice Webb, Didier de Bakker, Nash Soderberg, Graham Kolodziej, Derek Manzello
Summary: Ocean acidification is expected to affect coral reef ecosystems by changing calcification, bioerosion, and physiology of marine organisms. The study found that diurnal fluctuations in carbonate chemistry can impact the bioerosion rates of sponges, and this effect may be intensified by photosynthetic symbionts.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Limnology
Roberta Johnson, Gerald Langer, Sergio Rossi, Ian Probert, Marta Mammone, Patrizia Ziveri
Summary: This study quantified the effects of pH and temperature on the nutritional condition, growth rate, and morphology of the coccolithophore species Emiliania huxleyi. Results showed that reduced pH increased lipid production, while lower temperature decreased growth rate. The availability of lipids to consumers increased at 20 degrees C, but decreased under low pH. The nutritional quality of coccolithophores will decline under climate change, and low pH may make coccolithophores easier to digest for consumers.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Katherine E. Keil, Terrie Klinger, Julie E. Keister, Anna K. McLaskey
Summary: Zooplankton can serve as important indicators of ecosystem health and environmental change, especially related to climate change and ocean acidification. However, there is a significant mismatch between laboratory studies and field observations, which has implications for the design of long-term monitoring programs and the interpretation of data. Further work is needed to connect traits sensitive to ocean acidification with those that are ecologically relevant and observable in the field.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Samson Job, Baraka Sekadende, Gloria Yona, Rushingisha George, Blandina Robert Lugendo, Ismael Aaron Kimirei
Summary: Seagrass meadows play a crucial role in mitigating ocean acidification by increasing seawater pH during the day. However, the loss of these meadows due to human activities and climate change may hinder their ability to mitigate acidification. A study showed that as seagrass cover decreases, seawater pH and aragonite saturation state decrease, while pCO2 and DIC increase.
REGIONAL STUDIES IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daniel E. Kerr, Anthony Grey, Brian P. Kelleher
Summary: Total alkalinity (TA) is widely used as a parameter in carbonate system calculations, but organic alkalinity (OrgAlk) in coastal waters contributes to TA and affects the accuracy of carbonate calculations. This study investigates the prevalence and properties of OrgAlk and its impact on carbonate chemistry calculations in a transitional waterbody.
Review
Fisheries
Henry S. Lane, Cara L. Brosnahan, Robert Poulin
Summary: Dedicated studies on aquatic disease in New Zealand began in 1974, with a focus on aquatic disease ecology and diseases of commercial species. However, aquatic disease in New Zealand has not received much attention and there is a need to address knowledge gaps on future threats such as climate change, invasive species, and pollution. More attention from the wider marine science community is needed.
NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF MARINE AND FRESHWATER RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Fisheries
Jerusha Bennett, Bronwen Presswell, Robert Poulin
Summary: A comprehensive understanding of helminth biodiversity in New Zealand's marine environment is lacking, with records of parasitic helminths being few and uneven across host taxa. Taxonomical uncertainties and incomplete life cycle knowledge are common issues, highlighting the need for further research to fill these knowledge gaps and improve understanding of parasite diversity in the region. The study also suggests that species of greater conservation concern are being investigated for helminths less frequently than those of low conservation concern, indicating potential impacts on conservation efforts.
NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF MARINE AND FRESHWATER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Fatima Jorge, Nolwenn M. Dheilly, Celine Froissard, Eleanor Wainwright, Robert Poulin
Summary: The study found that different life stages of the parasite trematode have distinct bacteriomes compared to their host and the external environment. Additionally, trematodes from different geographic locations display differences in bacteriome composition, although they share more bacterial taxa than different life stages from the same location. This suggests non-random, stage-specific acquisition, selection and/or propagation of bacteria along the parasite's developmental history.
Article
Parasitology
Fatima Jorge, Celine Froissard, Nolwenn M. Dheilly, Robert Poulin
Summary: This study demonstrates that the microbial community of a trematode parasite can be experimentally altered by antibiotic exposure within its snail host. The results reveal dynamic changes in the bacterial community over time after exposure, leading to a new state different from the pre-exposure state.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Jean-Francois Doherty, Robert Poulin
Summary: Community composition is crucial for the transmission of parasites or diseases in freshwater ecosystems. This study quantified the distribution of hairworms in two subalpine stream communities in New Zealand and identified the contributing and sinks species. The results show that different host species harbor varying abundances of hairworms, and sympatric parasites follow different transmission pathways depending on community composition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Parasitology
Christian Selbach, Kim N. Mouritsen, Robert Poulin, Bernd Sures, Nico J. Smit
Summary: The One Health framework emphasizes the interconnectedness of humans, animals, and the environment but often overlooks the significance of aquatic parasites in understanding these interconnections, particularly in the context of environmental changes.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Parasitology
Antoine Filion, Jean-Francois Doherty, Robert Poulin
Summary: To better understand disease emergence patterns, it is important to integrate phylogenetic information in disease ecology. However, the integration of phylogenetic information is still lacking and potential solutions to this problem are highlighted.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Daniela de Angeli Dutra, Alan Fecchio, Erika Martins Braga, Robert Poulin
Summary: This study analyzed whether migratory behavior affects the coevolutionary congruence between avian hemoparasites and hosts. The results showed that migratory behavior neither weakens nor strengthens this coevolutionary congruence, suggesting that other avian host traits are more influential in generating phylogenetic congruence in this host-parasite system.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Antoine Filion, Lucas Deschamps, Chris N. Niebuhr, Robert Poulin
Summary: Anthropogenic changes can have significant impacts on wild populations and contribute to the emergence of diseases, such as avian malaria, which threaten native bird species in New Zealand. Understanding the cascading effects of human modifications on fragile species is crucial for conservation efforts.
Article
Biology
Robert Poulin, Cameron McDougall, Bronwen Presswell
Summary: This study investigated the naming trends of nearly 2900 new species of parasitic helminths described in the past two decades. The findings suggest that the likelihood of new species being given names that convey information about them or not depends on the higher taxonomic group to which the parasite or its host belongs. Furthermore, there is a consistent gender bias among species named after eminent scientists, with male scientists being immortalized more frequently than female scientists. The study also reveals an increasing tendency to name new species after family members or close friends.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Jerusha Bennett, Robert Poulin, Bronwen Presswell
Summary: Parasitic helminths with complex life cycles require multiple hosts, and we have limited knowledge about invertebrate hosts compared to vertebrates. In New Zealand, less than 1% of marine invertebrates have records of parasite infections, indicating a lack of understanding about invertebrate parasites in marine ecosystems. This study provides a comprehensive parasite-host checklist, including data from the literature and newly discovered infections in New Zealand.
INVERTEBRATE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Robert Poulin, Fatima Jorge, Priscila M. Salloum
Summary: Alterations in host phenotype induced by metazoan parasites are influenced by the composition of symbiotic microbial communities living within individual parasites. Microbiome composition variation among individual parasites can explain the variation in the extent of alterations to host phenotype. Two approaches are proposed to further understand the impact of microbiome composition on host-parasite interactions.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Parasitology
Robert Poulin, Cameron McDougall
Summary: Treating host-parasite associations as bipartite interaction networks provides insights into structural patterns and possible causes in fish-parasite communities. Network analysis revealed that tropical fish-parasite networks are more stable than temperate networks. At the species level, different transmission modes do not affect the centrality of parasite species within the networks, but certain taxa, such as branchiurans, acanthocephalans, and larval trematodes, have higher centrality values and may play a key role in network cohesion.
Article
Parasitology
Robert Poulin, Daniela de Angeli Dutra, Bronwen Presswell
Summary: The study found that there was no significant temporal change in the length of specific names for parasitic helminth species described in the past two decades, with an average length of just over 9 letters. Acanthocephalan species were found to have longer specific names compared to other helminth taxa. Although most species had shorter specific names than genus names, there was no clear relationship between the lengths of the two.
SYSTEMATIC PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Jean-Francois Doherty, Antoine Filion, Robert Poulin
Summary: Parasites such as hairworms modify the behavior of their terrestrial hosts to increase transmission and reproduction. This study found new host records for hairworms and suggests that their host specificity is low, indicating a greater diversity and distribution than previously known in New Zealand.
PARASITOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
