Journal
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 31, Issue 6, Pages 220-227Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2010.04.002
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Funding
- Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA BC011163-01] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [ZIABC011163] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) plays an important role in tumor initiation and progression, functioning as both a suppressor and a promoter. The mechanisms underlying this dual role of TGF-beta remain unclear. TGF-beta exerts systemic immune suppression and inhibits host immunosurveillance. Neutralizing TGF-beta enhances CD8+ T-cell- and NK-cell-mediated anti-tumor immune responses. It also increases neutrophil-attracting chemokines resulting in recruitment and activation of neutrophils with an antitumor phenotype. In addition to its systemic effects, TGF-beta regulates infiltration of inflammatory/immune cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor miwcroenvironment causing direct changes in tumor cells. Understanding TGF-beta regulation at the interface of tumor and host immunity should provide insights into developing effective TGF-beta antagonists and biomarkers for patient selection and efficacy of TGF-beta antagonist treatment.
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