Article
Energy & Fuels
Jon Lerche, Soren Lindhard, Peter Enevoldsen, Arumugam Velaayudan, Jochen Teizer, Hasse H. Neve, Soren Wandahl
Summary: The research findings show that variability is less severe in offshore wind projects compared to onshore wind projects, with process-time variability dominating in both assembly locations. This challenges the general understanding of variability in offshore wind projects.
ENERGY STRATEGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alona Emodi-Perlman, Yarden Shreiber-Fridman, Shani Kaminsky-Kurtz, Ilana Eli, Sigalit Blumer
Summary: This study explores the relationship between sleep bruxism (SB) and clinical manifestations in young children, finding that factors associated with SB include eustachian tube, respiratory disorders, and use of methylphenidate. Children with these medical conditions are more likely to have SB. Clinicians should be aware of these relevant signals.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Management
Victor Gimenez, Diego Prior, Claudio Thieme, Emili Tortosa-Ausina
Summary: This study proposes a nonparametric activity analysis methodology to assess the effectiveness of pandemic management in 61 countries nine months into the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that effectiveness is strongly influenced by socioeconomic and cultural factors and reveal three main groups of countries based on their management level. This highlights the importance of operations research methods in accurately assessing pandemic management.
OMEGA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
E. Preau, A. Pascal, J. Novak, M. Oertel
Summary: Extensive numerical studies suggest that information on cold neutron stars and the cold nuclear equation of state cannot be obtained from masses and radii of proto-neutron stars determined in the first second after their birth in core-collapse supernova events. Additionally, properties of the proto-neutron star equation of state may also remain unknown due to a lack of information on the entropy or temperature distribution in such objects.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ewa Broclawik, Pawel Kozyra, Mariusz Mitoraj, Mariusz Radon, Pawel Rejmak
Summary: This review emphasizes the importance of molecular modeling methods in the application to zeolitic active sites and highlights the necessity of close cooperation between theory and experiment, resulting in advances in computational methods and experimental techniques.
Article
Neurosciences
Omri Barak, Misha Tsodyks
Summary: Learning is a complex and vital phenomenon that has been extensively researched from both experimental and theoretical perspectives. This review examines paradigmatic examples of learning and explores common themes in theoretical research, including levels of modeling and their relationship to experimental observations, as well as mathematical concepts applicable to different types of learning.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Business, Finance
Patrick Amir Imam
Summary: This paper examines the de-dollarization process in African countries and emphasizes the need for policies beyond legal changes. It also suggests that dollarization is likely to decrease gradually with improved macroeconomic stability.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FINANCE & ECONOMICS
(2022)
Article
Economics
John D. Nelson, Camila Balbontin, David A. Hensher, Matthew Beck
Summary: Travel Demand Management (TDM) initiatives are widely used in transport planning to promote appropriate use of transport infrastructure. This paper focuses on the application of TDM in an education precinct context and evaluates selected University Sustainable Travel Plans (USTPs) in Australia. The study identifies important questions that a USTP should address explicitly and evaluates the effectiveness of TDM measures in university settings. The findings contribute to the development of comprehensive and effective travel plans.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
John Shelestak, Muhammad Irfan, Tara M. DeSilva
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). While immunomodulatory therapies are effective in reducing relapses, there is a lack of treatment for progressive disease. Chronic demyelination leads to axonal injury and loss, contributing to neurodegeneration and permanent disability in MS. Recent research has shown the potential of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) in remyelination to protect axons and preserve neuronal function. Understanding the role of microglia in myelin development can provide insights for remyelination strategies.
CURRENT OPINION IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Kairui Feng, Ning Lin
Summary: Hurricane evacuation modeling is challenging due to limited evacuation data and the complexity of human decision-making and travel behavior. However, we have built a system that can rapidly predict hurricane evacuation traffic flow by integrating hurricane forecasting, evacuation orders, road network, and population information. We have evaluated and calibrated the model using traffic observations from Hurricane Irma, and it skillfully captures spatial and temporal evacuation features, which can be applied to support evacuation management. Our analysis also suggests that minor adjustments to evacuation orders can significantly alleviate traffic congestion during hurricanes.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Rudy Helmons, Lynyrd de Wit, Henko de Stigter, Jeremy Spearman
Summary: Deep-sea mining is gaining renewed interest due to the scarcity of raw materials, but a better understanding of its environmental impact is needed. The generation and dispersion of sediment plumes from mining activities are of highest concern, and analyzing dispersion patterns and learning from shallow water applications can help reduce the spread and impact of deep-sea mining plumes.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
James Brown, Kyle Ring, Jacqui White, Nicola E. Mackie, Ibrahim Abubakar, Marc Lipman
Summary: Contact tracing is essential in the response to COVID-19, but criticism exists for its limited impact on disease transmission. Learning from contact tracing in other infections and adapting strategies based on the natural history of COVID-19 are necessary for improvement.
Article
Biology
Nina Ruzic Gorenjec, Natasa Kejzar, Damjan Manevski, Maja Pohar Perme, Bor Vratanar, Rok Blagus
Summary: The study suggests that implementing interventions similar to those in the first wave of COVID-19 during the second wave can help reduce death toll and alleviate the burden on healthcare systems. However, sticking to the same timeline of interventions and focusing on enforcing a higher decrease in mobility in the second wave may not be as beneficial.
Article
Biophysics
Lutz Claes
Summary: Experimental and numerical mechano-biological studies on fracture healing suggest that isolated muscle crush may temporarily impair fracture healing, while severe muscle trauma can significantly reduce callus formation and biomechanical properties. Intraoperative trauma and surgical removal of haematoma or periosteum can impede vascularization and disturb fracture healing process. Reaming for intramedullary nailing may reduce blood flow in the bone during early healing phases but not affect the stiffness or strength of final bone healing. Optimal conditions for rapid vascularization and bone healing involve fracture fixation that minimizes shearing movements while allowing moderate compressive movements. The stiffness of fracture fixation systems applied in clinical treatments can impact bone healing, with nails and external fixators often displaying insufficient stiffness and plate systems potentially causing overly stiff fixation.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thais A. Bernos, Clodio Travouck, Naly Ramasinoro, Dylan J. Fraser, Barbara Mathevon
Summary: Local support is crucial for the success of fishery management initiatives. This study in Madagascar found that fishers observed declines in fish abundance and sizes, attributing it to increased fishing effort. Factors such as gender, membership to local associations, coping mechanisms, and perceptions of ecological health were significantly associated with conservation-oriented attitudes. Area-based restrictions in the short-term could help build support for conservation efforts.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zulqarnain H. Khattak, Asad J. Khattak
Summary: This study found that higher gasoline prices contribute to the adoption of battery electric vehicles, while the perceived disadvantages of AFVs for long commutes hinder their wider adoption. Additionally, consumers who frequently use the internet are more likely to purchase hybrid vehicles. West Coast residents are a significant portion of early adopters and are more inclined to purchase hybrids rather than battery electric vehicles.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zulqarnain H. Khattak, Asad J. Khattak
Summary: Travel increases with urban sprawl, leading to congestion and emissions. The development of new technologies like Mobility as a Service (MaaS) provides alternative transport options including ride-hailing, carsharing and bike sharing. The study investigates the travel choices and shared use of electric and hybrid vehicles in MaaS, finding that ride-hailing involving these vehicles can reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Factors like personal interest in technologies influence the use of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) for travel. This research has implications for policy decisions and promoting the purchase and shared mobility use of AFVs for MaaS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION
(2023)
Article
Transportation
Zulqarnain H. Khattak, Jackeline Rios-Torres, Michael D. Fontaine, Asad J. Khattak
Summary: Advancements in sensing technology have allowed for the collection of extensive driving behavior data, which can be used for real-time monitoring and identification of safety critical events. This study developed a deep learning approach using convolutional neural networks to infer such events, finding that shallow CNN architectures performed better in detection accuracy.
JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Transportation
Licheng Zhang, Kun Peng, Xiangmo Zhao, Asad J. Khattak
Summary: A novel computational model was developed to improve eco-driving in intelligent transportation systems. The model accurately predicted fuel consumption by dividing the volatile state into eight types and considering instantaneous driving decisions. It outperformed existing models in new routes with lower errors.
JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Transportation Science & Technology
Cheng Wei, Fei Hui, Zijiang Yang, Shuo Jia, Asad J. Khattak
Summary: This study proposes a new lane-changing trajectory prediction model, including a method for segmenting the LC process and a predictive model based on deep neural networks. Experimental results show that the proposed prediction model has high accuracy and long-term prediction capability, allowing for fine-grained LC description.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Antora Mohsena Haque, Iman Mahdinia, A. Latif Patwary, Asad J. Khattak
Summary: This study aims to explore the spatial heterogeneity in damage to the remainder of affected parcels and analyze the factors contributing to spatial variations in percentage damage. The results reveal that a geographically weighted Gaussian regression model outperforms the global model, and key factors affecting spatial variations in damage include acquisition ratio, adverse change in utility, major acquisition of landscape, change in highest and best use, and damage to access.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
A. Latif Patwary, Asad J. Khattak
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the significance of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in facilitating virtual engagement. This study explores the interdependencies between online shopping, working from home (WFH), and travel behavior, and suggests that WFH can be explicitly treated as an alternative to commuting in travel demand models for future planning.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2022)
Article
Ergonomics
Iman Mahdinia, Amin Mohammadnazar, Asad J. Khattak
Summary: This study examines the survival time of pedestrians in fatal injury crashes and extracts valuable information to understand the factors that affect their survival. The results show that EMS response time, speeding, and some pedestrian behaviors are the most important factors. However, the effects vary spatially and temporally.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2022)
Article
Ergonomics
Numan Ahmad, Ramin Arvin, Asad J. Khattak
Summary: This study investigates the impact of different driving errors, violations, and roadway environments on the instability of driving speed, which contributes to safety-critical events. The findings show that driving errors and violations not only directly increase the risk of events but also indirectly through the instability in driving speed.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Ergonomics
Yangsong Gu, Diyi Liu, Ramin Arvin, Asad J. Khattak, Lee D. Han
Summary: This study investigates a new Artificial Intelligence technique called Geographical Random Forest (GRF) to accurately predict rear-end crash frequency at intersections. The results show that the proposed GRF outperforms Global Random Forest in terms of test error and fit, and identifies key indicators of rear-end crashes.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Ergonomics
Numan Ahmad, Behram Wali, Asad J. Khattak
Summary: This study aims to improve the prediction accuracy of crash frequency on roadway segments by using statistical and machine learning methods, with stacking being the most accurate and robust technique. The study applies stacking to model crash frequency on urban and suburban arterials, comparing its performance with other statistical models and machine learning techniques. Results show that stacking outperforms the alternative methods in terms of prediction accuracy.
JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Laura Harris, Numan Ahmad, Asad Khattak, Subhadeep Chakraborty
Summary: The objective of this work was to determine the effect of visibility-related factors and some environmental and human factors on the severity of pedestrian-vehicle crashes. It was found that higher speed limits, less light conditions, and no traffic controls were significantly correlated with increased pedestrian injury severity. Dusk and dark with or without lighting were also factors correlated with increased pedestrian injury severity, while inclement weather was correlated with lower pedestrian injury severity.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2023)
Article
Ergonomics
A. Latif Patwary, Asad J. Khattak
Summary: Major concerns have been raised about the increase in crash fatalities during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US, despite the decrease in traffic. This study analyzes the correlation between fatalities, crashes, and crash harm using a comprehensive time-series database in Tennessee. The results indicate that fatal crashes during the pandemic are associated with more speeding and reckless behaviors, varied across jurisdictions, and involve commercial trucks. Policymakers can use these findings to strengthen traffic law enforcement through appropriate countermeasures.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Cheng Wei, Fei Hui, Asad J. Khattak, Yutan Zhang, Wenbo Wang
Summary: Virtual simulation testing has become the main method for testing autonomous driving systems and algorithms. This study proposes a method for batch generating human-like behavior and trajectory data for background vehicles, improving the coverage and reliability of virtual simulation testing.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Ergonomics
A. Latif Patwary, Antora Mohsena Haque, Iman Mahdinia, Asad J. Khattak
Summary: Recent research has explored the relationship between disadvantaged communities and traffic safety by analyzing census data. The findings suggest that factors such as health, resilience, and transportation barriers are associated with more fatal crashes, while a higher percentage of the population with bachelor's degrees and increased use of public transportation are correlated with fewer fatal crashes. Additionally, disadvantaged census tracts with a higher proportion of Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, and American Indian or Alaska Native populations have a higher rate of fatal crashes. These insights are important for developing more equitable traffic safety interventions.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2024)