Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Emanuele Sinagra, Gaia Pellegatta, Marcello Maida, Francesca Rossi, Giuseppe Conoscenti, Socrate Pallio, Rita Alloro, Dario Raimondo, Andrea Anderloni
Summary: CIIPO is a disease characterized by symptoms of small bowel obstruction in the absence of mechanical obstruction, with a hypothesis that various viruses localized in the intestine may play a role in its pathogenesis. This review aims to summarize new perspectives in the etiology and pathophysiology of CIIPO.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dayoung Ko, Hee-Beom Yang, Joong Youn, Hyun-Young Kim
Summary: A study of 66 pediatric CIPO patients revealed a higher proportion of early-onset CIPO and patients with urologic symptoms, as well as a majority of cases with generalized involvement. Factors such as duration of PN, PN use, and home management were found to impact outcomes, while mortality was associated with pathologic type.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Bianco, Giulia Lattanzio, Luca Lorenzini, Maurizio Mazzoni, Paolo Clavenzani, Laura Calza, Luciana Giardino, Catia Sternini, Anna Costanzini, Elena Bonora, Roberto De Giorgio
Summary: CIPO is a typical clinical phenotype of severe gut dysmotility characterized by changes in neuro-enteric innervation, interstitial cells of Cajal, and smooth muscle cells. Genetic studies have identified several genes associated with CIPO, paving the way for potential targeted therapies for gut dysmotility.
Article
Microbiology
Giulia Radocchia, Bruna Neroni, Massimiliano Marazzato, Elena Capuzzo, Simone Zuccari, Fabrizio Pantanella, Letizia Zenzeri, Melania Evangelisti, Francesca Vassallo, Pasquale Parisi, Giovanni Di Nardo, Serena Schippa
Summary: Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by severe impairment of gastrointestinal motility, posing a significant challenge for diagnosis and therapy. This review aims to explore the relationship between CIPO patients and intestinal microbiota, with a focus on understanding the causes of gut motility dysfunction in these patients. Further studies on the role of the enteric nervous system and the intestinal endocrine system are essential for a deeper understanding of CIPO.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Muhammad Zarrar Khan, Ruishen Lyu, John McMichael, Scott Gabbard
Summary: The study aims to explore the association and prevalence of hydrogen and methane subtypes of SIBO in patients with CIP. A retrospective chart review was conducted for 494 patients who underwent glucose breath tests (GBT) in 2019. The prevalence of methane-positive GBT was higher in CIP patients than in patients without CIP, suggesting a facilitative relationship between motility disorders and methanogen overgrowth.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cristina Cuerda, Home Artificial Nutr Chronic Intestinal Failure Special Interest Grp ESPEN, Loris Pironi, Jann Arends, Federico Bozzetti, Lyn Gillanders, Palle Bekker Jeppesen, Francisca Joly, Darlene Kelly, Simon Lal, Michael Staun, Kinga Szczepanek, Andre Van Gossum, Geert Wanten, Stephane Michel Schneider, Stephan C. Bischoff
Summary: This practical guideline, based on the ESPEN Guidelines, offers simplified recommendations for the management and treatment of patients with chronic intestinal failure, providing guidance and support to healthcare professionals.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Allergy
Sophia Volpe, Joseph Irish, Sunny Palumbo, Eric Lee, Jacob Herbert, Ibrahim Ramadan, Eugene H. Chang
Summary: Viral infections are a common cause of upper respiratory infections and can lead to chronic rhinosinusitis. Viruses enter cells and replicate within them, while stimulating interferon-mediated immune responses. Studies suggest that viral infections may induce aberrant immune responses, resulting in loss of barrier function.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jong Woo Hahn, Soo Young Moon, Min Soo Kim, Min Hyung Woo, Min Ji Sohn, Hyun-Young Kim, Moon-Woo Seong, Sung Sup Park, Sung-Hye Park, Jin Soo Moon, Jae Sung Ko
Summary: This study examined the clinical features and ACTG2 variants in Korean patients with CIPO. The results showed that ACTG2 missense variants were found in 50% of the patients. Genetic testing of ACTG2 should be considered for CIPO patients with megacystis and abnormal prenatal ultrasonography.
JOURNAL OF NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Almira Zada, Laura E. Kuil, Bianca M. de Graaf, Naomi Kakiailatu, Jonathan D. Windster, Alice S. Brooks, Marjon van Slegtenhorst, Barbara de Koning, Rene M. H. Wijnen, Veerle Melotte, Robert M. W. Hofstra, Erwin Brosens, Maria M. Alves
Summary: Whole exome sequencing identified a de novo heterozygous deletion in TFAP2B associated with Pediatric Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction (PIPO), causing reduced neuronal numbers and gastrointestinal dysmotility.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Susan Nham, Alexander T. M. Nguyen, Andrew J. A. Holland
Summary: Paediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction (PIPO) is a rare and challenging disorder to diagnose and treat, with management mainly relying on parenteral nutrition and intestinal transplantation, which may lead to serious complications in the long term.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eleonora Anci, Camille Braun, Annalisa Marinosci, Frederique Rodieux, Elise Midun, Maria-Jose Torres, Jean-Christoph Caubet
Summary: Viruses may cause non-allergic drug skin reactions and also play important roles in drug-induced skin reactions, especially in DRESS syndrome. Understanding the mechanisms of virus- and drug-induced skin reactions is crucial for clinical reflection and patient care.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nadine Beckmann, Katrin Anne Becker
Summary: Ceramide and its related molecules play important roles in various steps of the viral life cycle, including serving as receptors, forming microdomains, regulating viral uptake, and intracellular trafficking. Sphingolipids may also be crucial for viral replication, release, cell apoptosis, and immune evasion.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Silvestro Ennio D'Anna, Mauro Maniscalco, Francesco Cappello, Mauro Carone, Andrea Motta, Bruno Balbi, Fabio L. M. Ricciardolo, Gaetano Caramori, Antonino Di Stefano
Summary: Bacterial and viral infections in the lungs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients can worsen lung function and disease progression. Understanding the molecular pathways and immune responses involved in these infections may help restore lung homeostasis and reduce the risk of decline in lung function.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Estrada Brull, Felix Rost, Josua Oderbolz, Florian R. Kirchner, Salome Leibundgut-Landmann, Annette Oxenius, Nicole Joller
Summary: This study investigates Treg specialization in persistent viral infections, specifically in chronic LCMV infection, and identifies the important functional role of CD85k in Treg-mediated suppression of type 1 immunity. These findings provide new insights into immune regulation in the context of chronic viral infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Chang Liu, Ka U. Lio, Yiping Le, Chuan Wang, Xin Kang, Jianhua Lin, Yu Zhang, Ning Zhang
Summary: This article reported a case of acute intestinal pseudo-obstruction (IPO) associated with Sjogren's syndrome (SjS) in pregnancy, which was successfully treated with combined immunosuppressive therapy and resulted in an uneventful caesarean delivery.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michele Russo, Alberto Barchi, Alessandro Mannucci, Marta Puzzono, Raffaella Alessia Zuppardo, Paolo Biamonte, Sarah Bencardino, Gioacchino Leandro, Renato Cannizzaro, Fabio Monica, Rocco Maurizio Zagari, Luigi Pasquale, Elisabetta Goni, Milena Di Leo, Luigi Ricciardiello, Giulia Martina Cavestro
Summary: This study evaluated the approach of Italian gastroenterologists to the management of hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes and assessed the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The results showed a decrease in the number of clinicians with a high volume of patients and reported delays in surveillance due to the pandemic.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Silvano Gallus, Alessandra Lugo, Elisa Borroni, Teo Vignoli, Lisa Lungaro, Giacomo Caio, Roberto De Giorgio, Giorgio Zoli, Fabio Caputo
Summary: This systematic review summarizes literature on major symptoms of protracted alcohol withdrawal in patients with alcohol use disorder. The pharmacological approach to manage protracted alcohol withdrawal ensures a more rapid reduction of symptoms (craving in particular), achieving in three weeks similar results obtained only after almost 6 months without treatment.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giulia Martina Cavestro, Alessandro Mannucci, Francesc Balaguer, Heather Hampel, Sonia S. Kupfer, Alessandro Repici, Andrea Sartore-Bianchi, Toni T. Seppala, Vincenzo Valentini, Clement Richard Boland, Randall E. Brand, Tineke E. Buffart, Carol A. Burke, Riccardo Caccialanza, Renato Cannizzaro, Stefano Cascinu, Andrea Cercek, Emma J. Crosbie, Silvio Danese, Evelien Dekker, Maria Daca-Alvarez, Francesco Deni, Mev Dominguez-Valentin, Cathy Eng, Ajay Goel, Jose G. Guillem, Britt B. S. L. Houwen, Charles Kahi, Matthew F. Kalady, Fay Kastrinos, Florian Kuehn, Luigi Laghi, Andrew Latchford, David Liska, Patrick Lynch, Alberto Malesci, Gianluca Mauri, Elisa Meldolesi, Pal Moller, Kevin J. Monahan, Gabriela Moeslein, Caitlin C. Murphy, Karlijn Nass, Kimmie Ng, Cristina Oliani, Enrico Papaleo, Swati G. Patel, Marta Puzzono, Andrea Remo, Luigi Ricciardiello, Carla Ida Ripamonti, Salvatore Siena, Satish K. Singh, Zsofia K. Stadler, Peter P. Stanich, Sapna Syngal, Stefano Turi, Emanuele Damiano Urso, Laura Valle, Valeria Stella Vanni, Eduardo Vilar, Marco Vitellaro, Yi-Qian Nancy You, Matthew B. Yurgelun, Raffaella Alessia Zuppardo, Elena M. Stoffel
Summary: This study aimed to develop guidelines for early-onset colorectal cancer (eoCRC). The study found that all individuals younger than 50 should undergo CRC risk stratification and newly diagnosed eoCRC patients should receive germline genetic testing. Furthermore, the treatment of early-onset CRC, including endoscopic, surgical, and oncologic treatment, should not differ from later-onset CRC, except for individuals with pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants. The study also highlighted areas for future research.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Irene Soffritti, Maria D'Accolti, Carla Gallenga, Roberto De Giorgio, Matteo Guarino, Martina Maritati, Francesca Bini, Eleonora Mazziga, Carlo Contini, Elisabetta Caselli
Summary: Secretory IgA (sIgA) was detected in the eye of COVID-19 patients, potentially playing a crucial role in early defense against SARS-CoV-2. This study analyzed tear samples from 77 COVID-19 patients to characterize sIgA mucosal immunity in the eye, including 63 vaccinated and 14 non-vaccinated subjects. The data showed significant differences in ocular sIgA response between vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups, suggesting the potential use of tear-based sIgA tests as a biomarker for assessing mucosal immunity development against SARS-CoV-2.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Lisa Lungaro, Anna Costanzini, Francesca Manza, Marianna Barbalinardo, Denis Gentili, Matteo Guarino, Fabio Caputo, Giorgio Zoli, Roberto De Giorgio, Giacomo Caio
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases show gender bias, with female-specific differences influencing disease presentation and activity. Female genetic predisposition related to the X chromosome and hormonal fluctuations can affect gastrointestinal symptoms, pain perception, and pregnancy outcomes. Female patients with inflammatory bowel disease experience poorer quality of life, higher psychological distress, and reduced sexual activity compared to males. This narrative review aims to summarize the current knowledge of female-related features in clinical manifestations, development, therapy, and implications for sexual and psychological well-being. The goal is to provide gastroenterologists with guidance on female-specific differences to improve patient diagnosis, management, and treatment.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Arthur Aelvoet, Maria Pellise, Barbara A. J. E. Bastiaansen, Monique van Leerdam, Rodrigo Jover, Francesc F. Balaguer, Michal G. Kaminski, John Karstensen, Jean-Christophe Saurin, Roel Hompes, Patrick M. M. Bossuyt, Luigi Ricciardiello, Andrew Latchford, Evelien Dekker
Summary: This study introduces a new personalized endoscopic surveillance strategy for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) with the aim of improving care and optimizing resources. The proposed strategy will be evaluated in a 5-year prospective study in nine FAP expert centers in Europe.
ENDOSCOPY INTERNATIONAL OPEN
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Martina Maritati, Alessandro Trentini, Gregory Michel, Stefania Hanau, Matteo Guarino, Roberto De Giorgio, Christelle Pomares, Pierre Marty, Carlo Contini
Summary: This study aimed to compare five serological tests for the diagnosis of visceral and asymptomatic leishmaniasis in southern France. The results showed that IFAT and TruQuick had the highest diagnostic performance for visceral leishmaniasis, while WB LDBio had the best diagnostic performance for asymptomatic carriers.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lisa Lungaro, Francesca Manza, Anna Costanzini, Marianna Barbalinardo, Denis Gentili, Fabio Caputo, Matteo Guarino, Giorgio Zoli, Umberto Volta, Roberto De Giorgio, Giacomo Caio
Summary: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder caused by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals. Besides gastrointestinal symptoms, CD can also lead to low bone mineral density and osteoporosis. The bone lesions in CD are influenced by various factors, and not only mineral and vitamin D malabsorption. This review aims to provide an updated overview on CD-induced osteoporosis and highlight new aspects such as the impact of the intestinal microbiome and sex-related differences on bone health, in order to improve its management.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanni Di Nardo, Letizia Zenzeri, Matteo Guarino, Alessio Molfino, Pasquale Parisi, Giovanni Barbara, Vincenzo Stanghellini, Roberto De Giorgio
Summary: Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction (CIPO) is a rare and severe form of gastrointestinal dysmotility, and the current treatment options are limited. There is a need for further research on new drugs and nutritional support strategies for these patients.
EXPERT REVIEW OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Carlo Contini, John Charles Rotondo, Benedetta Perna, Matteo Guarino, Roberto De Giorgio
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Maritati, Marco Manfrini, Maria Rosa Iaquinta, Alessandro Trentini, Silva Seraceni, Matteo Guarino, Anna Costanzini, Roberto De Giorgio, Gustavo Alberto Zanoli, Alessandro Borghi, Elisa Mazzoni, Giuseppe De Rito, Carlo Contini
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) producing the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) on the outcome of Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI). The study found that SA strains positive for PVL genes resulted in a 100% failure rate in the treatment of acute PJI, while chronic PJI had a 100% eradication rate. Therefore, toxin research and targeted antibiotic therapy should be considered in the treatment of PJI caused by SA.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Elisa Boschetti, Giacomo Caio, Carlo Cervellati, Anna Costanzini, Valentina Rosta, Fabio Caputo, Roberto De Giorgio, Giovanni Zuliani
Summary: This study found that serum zonulin levels change in older patients affected by different types of dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Serum zonulin increased in patients with late-onset AD, mixed dementia, and aMCI but not in VAD. In addition, serum zonulin levels were higher in aMCI converting to AD compared with stable aMCI, and inversely correlated with cognitive function.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Matteo Guarino, Benedetta Perna, Alice Eleonora Cesaro, Martina Maritati, Michele Domenico Spampinato, Carlo Contini, Roberto De Giorgio
Summary: This review aims to update physicians on the main pillars of treatment for sepsis/septic shock, which include empirical antimicrobial treatment, fluid replacement, and the use of vasoactive agents. Other treatments such as mechanical ventilation, anticoagulation, and glycemic control are also recommended but their efficacy is debated.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Surgery
David A. Wattchow, Simon J. Brookes, Nick J. Spencer, Paul T. Heitmann, Roberto De Giorgio, Marcello Costa, Phil. G. Dinning
Summary: Motor function of the colon is crucial for health, and our understanding of its mechanisms is based on various experimental techniques. This article synthesizes key findings from these approaches to help surgeons better manage colonic conditions.
ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Matteo Guarino, Benedetta Perna, Martina Maritati, Francesca Remelli, Caterina Trevisan, Michele Domenico Spampinato, Anna Costanzini, Stefano Volpato, Carlo Contini, Roberto De Giorgio
Summary: This study aims to establish the correlation between PSP and COVID-19 severity. Analysis of a study population of 1373 COVID-19 patients showed that presepsin is a promising biomarker that can express COVID-19 severity.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)