Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Weidu Song, Chuanhao Zhang, Huichao Lin, Taiyi Zhang, Haixia Liu, Xiaowen Huang
Summary: The proposed real-time rotary PCR reaction system (RRP) meets the requirements of low cost, low-power consumption, potential for miniaturization, and portability. Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate its feasibility in the rapid quantitative detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and have broad application prospects in bacteria detection and food safety.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Shaolei Huang, Yiquan An, Bangchao Xi, Xianglian Gong, Zhongfu Chen, Shan Shao, Shengxiang Ge, Jun Zhang, Dongxu Zhang, Ningshao Xia
Summary: Nucleic acid detection is a method that directly identifies the presence of pathogenic microorganisms and has advantages of high sensitivity, commendable specificity, and a short window period. A real-time PCR system based on multiple temperature zones was proposed to solve the time-consuming problem, enabling fast detection speed and high sensitivity under extreme conditions.
Article
Ophthalmology
Satoko Nakano, Yasuhiro Tomaru, Toshiaki Kubota, Hiroshi Takase, Manabu Mochizuki, Norio Shimizu, Sunao Sugita
Summary: The Direct Strip PCR test offers rapid and accurate detection of infectious pathogens causing uveitis. It shows high concordance with qPCR results, even when used by beginners, indicating its reliability for clinical use. Additionally, it can be used for intraoperative diagnosis, improving the prognosis of infectious diseases.
Article
Immunology
Alicja Sadowska-Klasa, Wendy M. Leisenring, Ajit P. Limaye, Michael Boeckh
Summary: A systematic review of randomized and observational studies from 2013-2023 indicated that antiviral preemptive therapy initiated at cytomegalovirus viral load thresholds between 2 and 3 log10 IU/mL had comparable cytomegalovirus disease rates. Thus, viral thresholds within this range appeared to effectively safeguard patients who did not receive prophylaxis.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Parasitology
Gereon Schares, Majda Globokar Vrhovec, Mareen Tuschy, Maike Joeres, Andrea Baerwald, Bretislav Koudela, Jitender P. Dubey, Pavlo Maksimov, Franz J. Conraths
Summary: The 529-bp repeat of H. hammondi can be used to establish a quantitative real-time PCR assay, with excellent specificity and sensitivity. This assay is a valuable diagnostic tool for epidemiological and cell biological studies on H. hammondi and related parasites.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Damian Presti, Julian Bergier, Lucas Ripoll, Cristina Borio, Gustavo A. Torchia, Marcos Bilen
Summary: Since the global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2, the need for a low-cost and faster diagnostic tool for evaluating symptomatic patients has emerged. Point-of-care testing and point-of-need testing systems have been developed to provide accurate and rapid diagnostics. In this study, a bio-photonic device using an iso-thermal system was developed for detecting SARS-CoV-2. The device showed comparable sensitivity to the commercially used reference method and was built with simple and low-cost components, making it a high-efficiency and affordable instrument.
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Renna L. Nouwairi, Larissa L. Cunha, Rachelle Turiello, Orion Scott, Jeff Hickey, Scott Thomson, Stuart Knowles, Jeff D. Chapman, James P. Landers
Summary: This article describes a field-forward prototype instrument capable of ultra-fast thermal cycling for real-time PCR amplification of DNA and RNA. The instrument can complete 40 cycles of real-time PCR in under 10 minutes, an 84% reduction in time compared to standard assays.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Byoung-Hoon Kang, Kyung-Won Jang, Eun-Sil Yu, Hyejeong Jeong, Ki-Hun Jeong
Summary: A multi-channel plasmonic real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction system is used to demonstrate high-throughput and multi-target detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with four simultaneous reactions in a single assay within 15 min.
Article
Oncology
Emilio Francesco Giunta, Vincenzo De Falco, Pietro Paolo Vitiello, Luigi Pio Guerrera, Gabriella Suarato, Rossella Napolitano, Alessandra Perrone, Giuseppe Argenziano, Renato Franco, Michele Caraglia, Erika Martinelli, Davide Ciardiello, Fortunato Ciardiello, Stefania Napolitano, Teresa Troiani
Summary: Liquid biopsy, using real-time quantitative PCR, is useful for melanoma diagnosis and treatment monitoring, especially in high disease burden patients. However, the low sensitivity of this technique may not be sufficient for predicting relapses in radically resected patients.
Review
Immunology
Dipesh Kumar Yadav, Vishnu Prasad Adhikari, Rajesh Kumar Yadav, Alina Singh, Xing Huang, Qi Zhang, Prabesh Pandit, Qi Ling, Tingbo Liang
Summary: This meta-analysis compared the outcomes of antiviral prophylaxis and preemptive therapy for the prevention of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in liver transplant recipients. The results showed that antiviral prophylaxis reduced the incidence of CMV infection in the high-risk group, while preemptive therapy reduced the incidence of late-onset CMV disease. There were no significant differences in other outcomes between the two interventions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Nina Singh, Drew J. Winston, Raymund R. Razonable, G. Marshall Lyon, Fernanda P. Silveira, Marilyn M. Wagener, Ajit P. Limaye
Summary: The study showed that preemptive therapy (PET) is more cost-effective than prophylaxis in high-risk donor CMV-seropositive/recipient-seronegative (D+/R-) liver transplant recipients, reducing the rate of CMV disease and saving overall costs.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Padideh Mohammadyousef, Miltiadis Paliouras, Mark A. Trifiro, Andrew G. Kirk
Summary: In response to the need for rapid infectious pathogen detection, researchers have been working on adapting PCR for POC applications. This paper introduces a compact plasmonic PCR thermocycler for fast DNA amplification using photothermal heating with gold nanorods and a VCSEL. An ultrasensitive real-time amplicon detection strategy is also reported, based on monitoring UV absorption of the PCR sample cycle-by-cycle. This system allows for high detection sensitivity and does not require specific probes or fluorophores.
Article
Immunology
Nina Singh, Drew J. Winston, Raymund R. Razonable, G. Marshall Lyon, Fernanda P. Silveira, Marilyn M. Wagener, Ajit P. Limaye
Summary: A majority of D+/R- liver transplant recipients experience a significant increase in viral load after preemptive therapy initiation, which is associated with a lower risk of subsequent recurrent viremia.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Stefan Weinberger, Christoph Steininger
Summary: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods are effective in monitoring viral load in CMV patients, but may overestimate viral load in patients receiving Letermovir (LMV) treatment. This study compared the effects of LMV and Ganciclovir (GCV) treatment on viral DNA levels in infected cells. Results showed that DNase treatment had different effects on cell lysates and cell culture supernatants, suggesting that concatemeric DNA accumulation may confound LMV efficacy evaluation through qPCR.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shaw-Hwa Parng, Li-An Wu, Chien-Chih Kuo, Ping-Jung Wu, Yu-Yin Tsai, Chih-Hung Lee
Summary: This study proposes a method to generate droplets in a cylindrical tube for emulsion polymerase chain reaction. The validity of a non-planar droplet chip is verified by analyzing the light intensity of liquids in real-time during droplet processing. The study also compares two digital droplet PCR methods for measuring the copy numbers of EGFR.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jen-Yu Hsu, Hsin-Yun Sun, Tan-Wen Hsieh, Sui-Yuan Chang, Yu-Chung Chuang, Yu-Shan Huang, Ching-Yu Hsiao, Yi-Ching Su, Wen-Chun Liu, Shu-Fang Chang, Chien-Ching Hung
Summary: This study investigated the incidence of low-level viremia (LLV) and its impact on virologic failure (VF) in people living with HIV (PLWH) on stable antiretroviral therapy (ART) who switched to co-formulated elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide (EVG/c/FTC/TAF). The results showed that the risks of LLV and VF were low in PLWH who had achieved virologic suppression and switched to EVG/c/FTC/TAF. The presence of LLV and prior exposure to raltegravir increased the risk of VF.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kuan-Yin Lin, Pei-Ying Wu, Wang -Da Liu, Hsin-Yun Sun, Szu-Min Hsieh, Wang-Huei Sheng, Chien-Ching Hung, Shan-Chwen Chang
Summary: This study demonstrates that COVID-19 vaccination is clinically effective among people living with HIV (PLWH) in an outbreak setting with low endemicity of COVID-19 and strict non-pharmaceutical interventions.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Letter
Immunology
Szu-Ting Huang, Tai-Ju Lee, Kai-Hsiang Chen, Hsin-Yun Sun, Wei-Ting Chen, Song-Chou Hsieh, Aristine Cheng, Yee-Chun Chen
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Guan-Jhou Chen, Hsin-Yun Sun, Sui-Yuan Chang, Li-Hsin Su, Yi-Ting Chen, Szu-Min Hsieh, Wan-Da Liu, Wang-Huei Sheng, Yu-Shan Huang, Kuan-Yin Lin, Yi-Ching Su, Wen-Chun Liu, Chien-Ching Hung
Summary: Individuals living with HIV who have achieved HCV viral clearance with direct-acting antivirals face a significantly higher risk of HCV reinfection after acquiring HCV. Factors such as younger age, condomless receptive anal sex, rimming, and recent syphilis were associated with HCV reinfections.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Guan-Jhou Chen, Hsin-Yun Sun, Ling-Ya Chen, Szu-Min Hsieh, Wang-Hui Sheng, Wang-Da Liu, Yu-Chung Chuang, Yu-Shan Huang, Kuan-Yin Lin, Pei-Ying Wu, Hsi-Yen Chang, Yu-Zhen Luo, Yi-Ching Su, Wen-Chun Liu, Sui-Fang Chang, Sui-Yuan Chang, Chien-Ching Hung
Summary: This study investigated the incidence and impact of low-level viraemia (LLV) among HIV-infected patients receiving second-generation integrase strand transferase inhibitors. The results showed that the risk of developing LLV or virologic failure (VF) was similar after switching to either dolutegravir- or bictegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) in virally suppressed patients. Pre-existing resistance-associated mutations or LLV events were not associated with subsequent VF.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Chen-Hua Liu, Hsin-Yun Sun, Cheng-Yuan Peng, Szu-Min Hsieh, Sheng-Shun Yang, Wei-Yu Kao, Yu-Lueng Shih, Chih-Lin Lin, Chun-Jen Liu, Wang-Hui Sheng, Yi-Chun Lo, Wen-Chun Liu, Jo-Hsuan Wu, Tung-Hung Su, Tai-Chung Tseng, Pei-Jer Chen, Chien-Ching Hung, Jia-Horng Kao
Summary: This study investigated the risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients in Taiwan after treatment-induced sustained virologic response (SVR). The results showed that the risk of HCV reinfection remained high in HIV-positive patients with SVR12, and the incidence of HCV reinfection increased after the availability of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in Taiwan.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yu-Shan Huang, Hsin-Yun Sun, Sui-Yuan Chang, Yu -Chung Chuang, Yi-Ching Su, Wen-Chun Liu, Chien-Ching Hung
Summary: Switching to TAF-containing regimens maintains high levels of viral suppression in patients co-infected with LAM-R or LAM-S HBV, with minimal decrease in HBsAg and infrequent HBsAg seroconversion.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nouratan Singh, Poonam Rani, Neeraj Tandan, Dinesh Kumar Arya, Ansuman Mahato
Summary: An Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) method was developed and validated for the analysis of 16 PAH compounds in soil samples from Manesar, India. The study found that PAH concentrations were highest in the winter season in industrial areas, while the lowest levels were observed during the monsoon season. The PAH levels in Manesar were relatively lower compared to Brazil, UK, Germany, and Korea.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY BIOTECHNOLOGY AND FOOD SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Miao-Hui Huang, Guan-Jhou Chen, Hsin-Yun Sun, Yi-Ting Chen, Li-Hsin Su, Shu-Yuan Ho, Sui-Yuan Chang, Yi-Chia Huang, Wang -Da Liu, Kuan-Yin Lin, Yu -Shan Huang, Yi-Ching Su, Wen -Chun Liu, Chien -Ching Hung
Summary: This study found that among high-risk HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), drug abuse and risky sexual contacts were associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremia, suggesting that mucosal contacts are the major route of HCV transmission.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Guan-Jhou Chen, Hsin-Yun Sun, Kuan-Yin Lin, Szu-Min Hsieh, Yu-Chung Chuang, Wang-Da Liu, Yu-Shan Huang, Sung-Ching Pan, Un-In Wu, Aristine Cheng, Yi-Chia Huang, Cheng-Hsin Wu, Yi-Ching Su, Wen-Chun Liu, Sui-Yuan Chang, Chien-Ching Hung
Summary: For people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) who had no response or seroreversion after primary hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccination, an accelerated 2-dose revaccination (vs 1-dose) produced higher antibody titers and elicited a higher serological response rate at week 48 for nonresponders.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ling-Ya Chen, Hsin-Yun Sun, Yu -Chung Chuang, Wang -Da Liu, Kuan-Yin Lin, Hsi -Yen Chang, Yu-Zhen Luo, Pei-Ying Wu, Yi-Ching Su, Wen -Chun Liu, Chien -Ching Hung
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the improvement in HIV-related symptom burden among people living with HIV (PLWH) who switched to the co-formulated bic-tegravir, emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) in a real-world setting. The results showed that after 48 weeks of switching to B/F/TAF, there was a significant reduction in the prevalence and bothersomeness of certain symptoms.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Szu-Ting Huang, Yu-Shan Huang, Wang-Da Liu, Sung-Ching Pan, Hsin-Yun Sun, Chia-En Lien, Charles Chen, Szu-Min Hsieh
Summary: Heterologous boost with MVC-COV1901 yielded inferior immunogenicity but significantly fewer adverse events compared with homologous boost with mRNA-1273 in people who had received a dose of mRNA-1273. MVC-COV1901 could serve as an acceptable alternative heterologous boost in individuals with severe adverse events after the prime dose of mRNA-1273 or during periods of limited mRNA-1273 supply.
JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hsin-Yun Sun, Bo-Huang Liou, Tun-Chieh Chen, Chia-Jui Yang, Sung-Hsi Huang, Po-Liang Lu, Chung-Hao Huang, Mao-Song Tsai, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Nan-Yao Lee, Wen-Chien Ko, Yen-Hsu Chen, Wang-Da Liu, Shang-Yi Lin, Shih-Ping Lin, Po-Lin Chen, Ling-Shan Syue, Yu-Shan Huang, Yu-Chung Chuang, Cheng-Bin Chen, Ya-Ting Chang, Yuan-Ti Lee, Szu-Min Hsieh, Li-Hsin Su, Chien-Yu Cheng, Chien-Ching Hung
Summary: Using 3-stage pooled-plasma hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA testing performed quarterly among at-risk people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH), we found that if testing had been performed every 6 or 12 months, 58.6%-91.7% of PWH who recently acquired HCV would be delayed for diagnosis and might contribute to onward HCV transmission with longer durations.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Guan-Jhou Chen, Hsin-Yun Sun, Sui-Yuan Chang, Szu-Min Hsieh, Wang-Hui Sheng, Yu-Chung Chuang, Yu-Shan Huang, Kuan-Yin Lin, Wen-Chun Liu, Yi-Ching Su, Chien-Ching Hung
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the virologic suppression effectiveness of switching to dolutegravir-based regimens or BIC/FTC/TAF among HIV-infected individuals who experienced viral rebound during other antiretroviral therapy. The results showed that within the first 48 weeks after switching, both dolutegravir-based regimens and BIC/FTC/TAF could achieve viral suppression in approximately four-fifths of the patients, and pre-existing NRTI-related resistance-associated mutations did not have a negative impact on the effectiveness.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Poonam Rani, Nouratan Singh, Monika Bhaskar, Neeraj Tandan
Summary: This study surveyed the microbial community and their antibiotic profiling in the domestic environment of rural and urban areas in Meerut city, India. The results revealed a higher bacterial load compared to fungal load, with kitchens being more contaminated than living rooms. The dominant bacteria were Pseudomonas sps, Citrobacter sps, Bacillus Subtilis, Brevundimonas diminuta, Bacillus megaterium, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibiotic resistance was mainly derived from plasmids.