Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karina Maciak, Sylwia Pietrasik, Angela Dziedzic, Justyna Redlicka, Joanna Saluk-Bijak, Michal Bijak, Tomasz Wlodarczyk, Elzbieta Miller
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and Devic's disease (NMO) are autoimmune, inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system with unclear etiology. Th17 cells and related cytokines may be useful as discriminatory markers for these diseases, but broader immune response mechanisms must also be considered.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fatima Zahra Kamal, Radu Lefter, Hassna Jaber, Ioana-Miruna Balmus, Alin Ciobica, Alin-Constantin Iordache
Summary: Ischemic strokes occur due to arterial blockage, leading to interrupted blood supply to the brain and potential damage or death of brain cells. Oxidative stress is an essential mechanism in ischemic stroke, and the assessment of oxidative stress biomarkers can aid in diagnosing the severity and guiding neuroprotective therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chao-Xu Fu, Jun Li, Zheng-Da Chen, Yan-Ping Cao, Hong-Ling Zhang, Hong-Ting Sui, Bao-Cheng Shan, Lei Xu, Yang Zhou, Min Zhou, En-Yue Yang, Hong-Xin Piao
Summary: In this study, the diagnostic values of AFP, sAXL, DCP, APRI, and GPR in HCC were evaluated, and the correlations between them were explored. The results showed that AFP, sAXL, DCP, APRI, and GPR are independent risk factors for HCC, and the diagnostic performance of AFP combined with sAXL, DCP, APRI, and GPR for HCC diagnosis was superior to that of the individual biomarkers.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Fatima M. Santos, Sergio Ciordia, Joana Mesquita, Carla Cruz, Joao Paulo Castro e Sousa, Luis A. Passarinha, Candida T. Tomaz, Alberto Paradela
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration are major causes of visual impairment and blindness in older individuals. By analyzing the vitreous proteome, researchers identified biological processes and potential biomarkers associated with these diseases. A panel of 15 discriminatory biomarkers was defined based on the analysis results.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Sanchez-Infantes, Meritxell Nus, Miquel Navas-Madronal, Joan Fite, Belen Perez, Antonio J. Barros-Membrilla, Begona Soto, Jose Martinez-Gonzalez, Mercedes Camacho, Cristina Rodriguez, Ziad Mallat, Maria Galan
Summary: The study found extensive inflammatory infiltration in the aneurysmal wall, mainly composed of T cells, macrophages, and B cells, and altered levels of ROS, IgM, IgG, CD38, GDF15, S100A4, and CD36 in the plasma and aneurysmal tissue of AAA patients compared to controls. Circulating levels of IgG, CD38, and GDF15 were positively correlated with abdominal aortic diameter, and CD38 was correlated with PWS.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Khalaf F. Alsharif, Abdulraheem Ali Almalki, Walaa F. Alsanie, Khalid J. Alzahrani, Saeed M. Kabrah, Gehad E. Elshopakey, Abdullah A. A. Alghamdi, Maha S. Lokman, Hassan Al Sberi, Amira A. Bauomy, Ashraf Albrakati, Shimaa S. Ramadan, Rami B. Kassab, Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim, Fatma Elzahraa H. Salem
Summary: The study showed that pretreatment with protocatechuic acid (PCA) effectively reduced septic lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice by promoting antioxidant status, inhibiting inflammation, and preventing apoptosis. The protective effects of PCA were attributed to its strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities, suggesting its potential application in alleviating acute lung injury associated with sepsis.
JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Philipp K. Haber, Florian Castet, Miguel Torres-Martin, Carmen Andreu-Oller, Marc Puigvehi, Maeda Miho, Pompilia Radu, Jean-Francois Dufour, Chris Verslype, Carolin Zimpel, Jens U. Marquardt, Peter R. Galle, Arndt Vogel, Melanie Bathon, Tim Meyer, Ismail Labgaa, Antonia Digklia, Lewis R. Roberts, Mohamed A. Mohamed Ali, Beatriz Minguez, Davide Citterio, Vincenzo Mazzaferro, Fabian Finkelmeier, Joerg Trojan, Burcin Ozdirik, Tobias Mueller, Moritz Schmelzle, Anthony Bejjani, Max W. Sung, Myron E. Schwartz, Richard S. Finn, Swan Thung, Augusto Villanueva, Daniela Sia, Josep M. Llovet
Summary: This study analyzed tumor samples from patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC) treated with anti-PD1 and identified interferon signaling and major histocompatibility complex-related genes as key molecular features of HCCs responding to anti-PD1. The researchers developed an 11-gene signature that can predict treatment response and survival in frontline aHCC patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Camila Freitas dos Santos, Mariana Gobbo Braz, Nayara Micarelli de Arruda, Laura Caram, Duelene Ludimila Nogueira, Suzana Erico Tanni, Irma de Godoy, Renata Ferrari
Summary: This study evaluated DNA damage and oxidative stress in patients with COPD with and without lung cancer, and found that COPD patients with lung cancer had more severe DNA damage. This study provides possible clues to the development mechanisms of lung cancer in COPD patients.
Article
Oncology
Martina Schiavello, Elena Gazzano, Loredana Bergandi, Francesca Silvagno, Roberta Libener, Chiara Riganti, Elisabetta Aldieri
Summary: Asbestos exposure induces oxidative stress and increases cancer risk. Research has shown the overexpression of Nrf2, Ref-1, and FOXM1 in mesothelioma cells, indicating these factors may serve as predictive biomarkers for MPM.
Article
Immunology
Nadege Nziza, Deniz Cizmeci, Leela Davies, Edward B. Irvine, Wonyeong Jung, Brooke A. Fenderson, Marwou de Kock, Willem A. Hanekom, Kees L. M. C. Franken, Cheryl L. Day, Tom H. M. Ottenhoff, Galit Alter
Summary: Tuberculosis (TB) is the second leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, after COVID-19, and clinical discrimination between latent and active TB remains a challenge. Recently, research on the humoral immune response to TB has shown potential differences in targeted antigens and antibody features that can help distinguish between latent and active TB. This study aimed to profile the humoral immune response in individuals with latent or active TB, with and without HIV co-infection, and identified new Mtb-specific immunologic markers that can improve the classification of active TB versus latent TB.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Madi Sun, Peiyu Chen, Kai Xiao, Xiang Zhu, Zhibin Zhao, Chenyang Guo, Xuan He, Tongfei Shi, Qingguo Zhong, Yong Jia, Yu Tao, Mingqiang Li, Kam W. Leong, Dan Shao
Summary: This study finds that the temporal pattern of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is strongly associated with damage and inflammation parameters in APAP-induced liver injury (AILI). CfDNA is comparable to ALT in predicting mortality and outperforms ALT when combined with ALT in AILI. Depleting cfDNA or neutrophils alleviates liver damage, while adding cfDNA or adoptive transfer of neutrophils exacerbates the damage. The combination of DNase I and N-acetylcysteine significantly attenuates AILI. This study establishes that cfDNA is a mechanistic biomarker to predict mortality in AILI mice. The combination of scavenging cfDNA and reducing oxidative damage provides a promising treatment for AILI.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sabina Galiniak, Mateusz Molon, Marek Biesiadecki, Agnieszka Mokrzynska, Krzysztof Balawender
Summary: Oxidative stress refers to an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant capacity, causing oxidative damage to biomolecules, cell injury, and eventually death. Our study aimed to determine markers of oxidative stress in serum and urine, and to investigate the relationship between these markers and bladder cancer. We found that almost all markers were elevated in the serum and urine of bladder cancer patients compared to healthy subjects. Additionally, we observed correlations between serum and urinary biomarkers, particularly TOS and OSI. Our results clearly indicate the involvement of oxidative stress in the development of bladder cancer.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ombretta Repetto, Roberto Vettori, Agostino Steffan, Renato Cannizzaro, Valli De Re
Summary: Gastric cancer is a highly malignant disease with poor prognosis. Early detection and personalized treatment are important for improving patient survival. Recent advances in proteomics technologies have enabled the identification of novel biomarkers for gastric cancer, supporting the development of precision medicine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Elisabeth Werner Ronnerman, Daniella Pettersson, Szilard Nemes, Pernilla Dahm-Kahler, Aniko Kovacs, Per Karlsson, Toshima Z. Parris, Khalil Helou
Summary: Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related death. This study identified Trefoil factor gene family members (TFF1, TFF2, and TFF3) as novel histotype-specific biomarkers for mucinous carcinomas (MC) through RNA sequencing analysis. Immunohistochemistry evaluation confirmed significantly elevated expression levels of TFF proteins in MC samples, suggesting their pivotal role in tumor initiation and progression for the MC histotype.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sandra Garcia-Medina, Marcela Galar-Martinez, Selene Cano-Viveros, Karina Ruiz-Lara, Leobardo Manuel Gomez-Olivan, Hariz Islas-Flores, Eloy Gasca-Perez, Ricardo Perez-Pasten-Borja, Benjamin Arredondo-Tamayo, Josue Hernandez-Varela, Jose Jorge Chanona-Perez
Summary: The study found that aluminum nanoparticles induce oxidative stress in the liver of carp, affecting tissue function and accumulation. The effects were most pronounced in the liver, as evidenced by alterations in antioxidant enzyme activity and increased levels of lipid peroxidation and oxidized proteins.
